scholarly journals Determinants of Birth Asphyxia among Newborns in Amhara National Regional State Referral Hospitals, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemwork Desta Meshesha ◽  
Muluken Azage ◽  
Endalkachew Worku ◽  
Getahun Gebre Bogale
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Instrumental Delivery ◽  
Referral Hospitals ◽  
Prolonged Labor

Abstract Background Globally, every year, 2.5 million infants die within their first month of life. Neonatal asphyxia is the leading specific cause of neonatal mortality in low- and middle-income countries, including Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the determinants of birth asphyxia among newborns admitted in Amhara region referral hospitals, Ethiopia. Methods Facility-based unmatched case-control study was employed among 193 cases and 193 controls of newborns. Newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care units with admission criteria of birth asphyxia and without birth asphyxia were considered as cases (Apgar score<7) and controls (Apgar score>=7) respectively. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire by systematic random sampling technique with proportional allocation, and entered in to Epi-Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for statistical analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to identify determinants of birth asphyxia. Results Newborns with low birth weight (<2.5kg) had 8.94 higher odds of birth asphyxia than those whose weight at birth was >=2.5kg at birth (AOR: 8.94, 95% CI: 4.08, 19.56). Newborns born at health centers were 7.36 times more likely to develop birth asphyxia than those born at hospitals (AOR: 7.36, 95% CI: 2.44, 22.13). Newborns born using instrumental delivery were 3.03 times more likely to develop birth asphyxia than those delivered by vaginally (AOR: 3.03, 95% CI: 1.41, 6.49). Newborns from mothers with prolonged labor were 2 times more likely to suffer from birth asphyxia as compared to their counterparts (AOR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.20, 3.36). Conclusion This study identified prolonged labor, instrumental delivery, delivered at health centers, and low birth weight were identified as determinants of birth asphyxia. Thus, intervention planning towards the identified determinants may be needed to reduce neonatal birth asphyxia.

scholarly journals Determinants of birth asphyxia among newborns in Amhara national regional state referral hospitals, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemwork Desta Meshesha ◽  
Muluken Azage ◽  
Endalkachew Worku ◽  
Getahun Gebre Bogale
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Instrumental Delivery ◽  
Referral Hospitals ◽  
Prolonged Labor

AbstractBackgroundGlobally, every year, 2.5 million infants die within their first month of life. Neonatal asphyxia is the leading specific cause of neonatal mortality in low- and middle-income countries, including Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the determinants of birth asphyxia among newborns admitted in Amhara region referral hospitals, Ethiopia.MethodsFacility-based unmatched case-control study was employed among 193 cases and 193 controls of newborns. Newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care units with admission criteria of birth asphyxia and without birth asphyxia were considered as cases (Apgar score<7) and controls (Apgar score>=7) respectively. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire by systematic random sampling technique with proportional allocation, and entered in to Epi-Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for statistical analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to identify determinants of birth asphyxia.ResultsNewborns with low birth weight (<2.5kg) had 8.94 higher odds of birth asphyxia than those whose weight at birth was >=2.5kg at birth (AOR: 8.94, 95% CI: 4.08, 19.56). Newborns born at health centers were 7.36 times more likely to develop birth asphyxia than those born at hospitals (AOR: 7.36, 95% CI: 2.44, 22.13). Newborns born using instrumental delivery were 3.03 times more likely to develop birth asphyxia than those delivered by vaginally (AOR: 3.03, 95% CI: 1.41, 6.49). Newborns from mothers with prolonged labor were 2 times more likely to suffer from birth asphyxia as compared to their counterparts (AOR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.20, 3.36).ConclusionThis study identified prolonged labor, instrumental delivery, delivered at health centers, and low birth weight were identified as determinants of birth asphyxia. Thus, intervention planning towards the identified determinants may be needed to reduce neonatal birth asphyxia.

scholarly journals Risk Factors and Outcome of Neonatal Thrombocytopenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-234
Author(s):  
Hira Arif ◽  
Nadeem Ikram ◽  
Shangraf Riaz ◽  
Asma Nafisa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
P Value ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Neonatal Thrombocytopenia ◽  
A Prospective Study

Introduction: About 30% of neonates develop thrombocytopenia during hospital admission. Inevitable and irreversible complications can be prevented by determining the risk factors of neonatal thrombocytopenia. The present study was undertaken to determine the risk factors and outcome of neonatal thrombocytopenia in neonates admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted to evaluate the risk factors for neonatal thrombocytopenia (NT) in 160 neonates. Neonatal and maternal risk factors were recorded and neonates were categorized into three groups based on the severity of thrombocytopenia. Results: A higher percentage of the neonates 89 (55.6%) were male. The majority (61.9%) had moderate neonatal thrombocytopenia while 21.9% had severe neonatal thrombocytopenia. A highly significant difference was observed for the distribution of gestational age, platelet count, birth weight, and age at admission (for all p-value ≥0.0001) among different groups. Multivariate logistic regression revealed a significant independent association of prematurity, birth asphyxia, and low birth weight with neonatal thrombocytopenia. Conclusion: Prematurity, low birth weight, and birth asphyxia were the significant causes of Neonatal thrombocytopenia. The mortality rate increased significantly with the severity of thrombocytopenia.

scholarly journals A prospective observational study of morbidity and mortality profile of neonates admitted in neonatal intensive care unit of secondary care centre in central Maharashtra, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1403
Author(s):  
Hemant Adikane ◽  
Kishor Surwase ◽  
Vishal Pawar ◽  
Kalidas Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Admission Rate ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies

Background: Globally, 2.6 (2.5-2.8) million newborns died in 2016-i.e. nearly 7,000 every day. Neonatal deaths accounted for 46 % of all under-five deaths, increasing from 41 % in 2000. Five countries accounted for half of all newborn deaths including India. NFHS 4 data suggests that neonatal mortality rate (NMR) declined to 30 deaths per 1,000 live births.Methods: Present observational study was conducted at district hospital, Parbhani. Study period was Jan 2017 to Dec 2017. All the admitted babies to NICU were included into study. Data was collected by interview method using a predesigned, semi-structured questionnaire. Various morbidities and reasons for mortality were included.Results: There were total 2471 admission during year of 2017. There was slightly higher admission rate for Males 1432 (57.95%) than females 1039 (42.05%). Pre-term admissions were 501 (20.28%). Majority of admissions were due to low birth weight 1170 (47.35%).Conclusions: In the year of 2017, total 2472 NICU admissions took place. Out of these, 126 (5.09%) died. Respiratory distress syndrome, low birth weight, birth asphyxia were accounting for mortalities. The neonatal jaundice, preterm and low birth weight babies had significantly high mortality even with standard intensive care.

scholarly journals Determinants of Necrotizing Enterocolitis Among Neonates in Referral Hospitals of East and West Gojjam Zones of Amhara Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wondim Derbew ◽  
Amare Dagnew ◽  
Frehiwot Girma
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Formula Milk ◽  
Referral Hospitals ◽  
West Gojjam

Abstract Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis is one of the most common serious surgical disorders of neonates. It is a life-threatening emergency of the gastrointestinal tract in the neonatal period that causes morbidity and mortality of newborns. Although the burden of the disease is high and it is the major cause for neonatal death, there is limited information’s about identifying the determinant factors that may help to reduce the neonatal deaths. Thus this study aimed to identify the determinants of necrotizing enterocolitis among admitted neonates in neonatal intensive care unit at referral hospitals of East and West Gojjam Zones of Amhara regional state,Northwest Ethiopia, 2020. Methods: Unmatched case control study design was conducted among 246 neonates (82 cases and 164 controls) in neonatal intensive care unit from February 24 to April 24, 2020. Data was collected through face to face interview and reviewing medical charts of the neonates. Data was entered into Epi data and exported to SPSS for analysis. Bivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify the candidate variables at p≤0.25 and multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to identify significant determinants at p value <0.05. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI was used to show the strength of association between exposure and outcome variables. Result: A total of 246 neonates were included in the study. Duration of rupture of membrane>18 hours [AOR=4.287; 95%CI (2.157-8.518)], low birth weight [AOR= 3.592; 95% CI (1.742- 7.407)], neonatal sepsis [AOR=3.553; 95% CI (1.76-7.174)] and types of enteral feeding (formula milk only [AOR=3.604; 95% CI (1.548-8.39)] and mixed milk (AOR=2.416; 95% CI (1.103-5.290)]) were determinants for necrotizing enterocolitis.Conclusions: Duration of rupture of membrane, low birth weight, neonatal sepsis and enteral feedings (formula milk and mixed milk) were significantly associated with necrotizing enterocolitis. Encouraging exclusive breastfeeding, providing adequate care for low birth weight babies and using septic precautions to avoid neonatal sepsis are the strategies to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis.

Variations of Apgar score of very low birth weight infants in different neonatal intensive care units

2009 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 1433-1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Rüdiger ◽  
Helmut Küster ◽  
Egbert Herting ◽  
Angelika Berger ◽  
Christoph Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Units ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants

scholarly journals Postnatal growth in very low birth weight babies fed on exclusive human breast milk

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
Abhijit Bhattacharya ◽  
Sandeep Dhingra ◽  
Krishna M. Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Term Infants

Background: Ideal preterm nutrition should sustain growth which mirrors the intrauterine fetal growth rate. Human milk provides complete nutrition to term infants and has been recommended as the exclusive source of feeding till first 6 months. Concern regarding growth faltering in preterms has precluded exclusive use of human milk for nutrition. The aim of this study was to document the growth rates of preterms fed exclusive human milk from birth to discharge from hospital.Methods: This was a longitudinal cohort study in which all preterms admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) with very low birth weight (VLBW) and gestational age of ≤35 weeks were enrolled consecutively over a one-year period. Fluid, electrolyte and human milk intake was managed as per the NICU protocol. Vitamins and mineral supplements were added as per unit policy. Pre-feed weight, occipito-frontal circumference, and length was recorded at pre-determined intervals till discharge.Results: Data of 37 infants was analysed. The most common morbidity was respiratory distress (29.73%) followed by birth asphyxia. Average time to regain birth weight was 13.61 days while mean increase in weight, length and OFC was 11.24 gm/kg/day, 0.60 cm/week and 0.59 cm/week respectively. The NICU length of stay varied from 9-76 days.Conclusions: Exclusive use of human milk is reliable in achieving growth in preterm VLBW babies. Though the rate of growth is not comparable to intrauterine growth rates, nevertheless in the absence of accepted standards for postnatal growth in preterms on exclusive human milk, the results are reassuring.

scholarly journals Maternal, fetal and new born outcomes in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia: a hospital based study

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Pokharel ◽  
M Shrestha ◽  
M Regmi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Intrauterine Fetal Death ◽  
Maternity Ward ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Pre-eclampsia /Eclampsia are becoming a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in developed and developing countries. Developing countries are at higher risk of facing this problem.Objective: To assess the maternal, fetal / newborn outcome of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia among mothers admitted in maternity ward of BPKIHS. Methods: This is a hospital based cross sectional study carried out in maternity ward at BPKIHS. A total 150 pregnant women (diagnosed of preeclampsia/eclampsia cases-75 and controls -75) included using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using self-developed pretested, semi structured performa by the interview. Detailed physical examination and observations were also done. Results: Preterm delivery, early rupture of membrane, need for an assisted vaginal delivery (vacuum and forceps) and caesarean delivery, were significantly higher in cases than controls (P < 0.001). Abnormal range of fetal heart rate, still birth, intrauterine fetal death, birth asphyxia ,need for resuscitation, low birth weight and intrauterine growth retardation were significantly higher in cases than controls (P <0.001). Conclusion: Maternal, fetal and newborn outcome such as preterm delivery, caesarean section, birth asphyxia, low birth weight and intrauterine fetal death are more common seen among women who were diagnosed with preeclampsia /eclampsia than normal pregnancy. It is very important of early identification and prompt management to prevent complication of both mother and fetus.Health Renaissance 2014;12(2):  pp: 106-110

Mothers of Infants With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Describe “Breastfeeding” in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: “As Long as It’s My Milk, I’m Happy”

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 524-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth B. Froh ◽  
Janet A. Deatrick ◽  
Martha A. Q. Curley ◽  
Diane L. Spatz
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽  
Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Background: Very little is known about the breastfeeding experience of mothers of infants born with congenital anomalies and cared for in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Often, studies related to breastfeeding and lactation in the NICU setting are focused on the mothers of late preterm, preterm, low-birth-weight, and very-low-birth-weight infants. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is an anatomic malformation of the diaphragm and affects 1 in every 2,000 to 4,000 live births. Currently, there are no studies examining the health outcomes of infants with CDH and the effect of human milk. Research aim: This study aimed to describe the breastfeeding experience of mothers of infants with CDH cared for in the NICU. Methods: A prospective, longitudinal qualitative descriptive design was used. Phased interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 11 CDH infant–mother dyads from a level 3 NICU in a children’s hospital. Results: Six themes emerged from the data: (a) hopeful for breastfeeding, (b) latching on . . . to the pump, (c) we’ve already worked so hard, (d) getting the hang of it—it’s getting easier, (e) a good safety net, and (f) finding a way that works for us. Conclusion: For this population of CDH infant–mother dyads, the term breastfeeding is not exclusive to direct feeding at the breast and the mothers emphasized the significance of providing their own mother’s milk through a combination of feeding mechanisms to their infants with CDH.

Prevalence and predictors of adverse outcomes in neonatal seizures

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
K. Famra ◽  
P. Barta ◽  
A. Aggarwal ◽  
B.D. Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Inborn Errors ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies

OBJECTIVES: Neonatal seizures are significant cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Current study was planned to study prevalence of adverse outcomes in neonatal seizures and identify its predictors. METHODS: This observational descriptive study was carried out on 220 neonates with seizures. Neonates who succumbed to illness/ death before investigations, or whose maternal records were incomplete were excluded. Blood sugar, serum calcium, serum electrolytes, and USG skull were done in all patients. CT scan, MRI and inborn errors of metabolism profile were done as and when indicated. Adverse outcomes were defined as death, phenobarbitone non responders, or abnormal examination at discharge. Antenatal, perinatal and neonatal predictors of adverse outcomes in neonatal seizures were evaluated. RESULTS: Out of 220 neonates with seizures 76(34.5%) had adverse outcomes. Very low birth weight babies (≤1500 gm) [OR 1.27(CI 0.57–2.84)], microcephaly [OR 5.93 (CI 0.55–64.41)], Apgar score≤3 at 5 minutes [OR 11.28(CI 14.18–30.45)], seizure onset within 24 hours [OR 5.99(CI 12.43–14.78)], meningitis [OR 2.63(CI 0.08–6.39)], septicemia [OR1.22(CI 0.45–3.31)] and abnormal cranial USG [OR 7.95(CI 12.61–24.22)] were significant predictors of adverse outcomes in neonates with seizures. CONCLUSION: Prematurity, very low birth weight, birth asphyxia, meningitis, septicemia and abnormal USG could predict adverse outcomes in neonatal seizures. Improved antenatal and neonatal clinical practices may help reduce adverse outcomes in these patients.

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