scholarly journals Premature Mortality of Gastrointestinal Cancer in Iran: Trends and Projections for 2001–2030

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani ◽  
Farshad Farzadfar ◽  
Moein Yoosefi ◽  
Kamyar Mansori ◽  
Reza Khosravi Shadman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Liver Cancers ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
Gi Cancers ◽  
Overall Mortality

Abstract Background: The present study was conducted to determine the trend and projection of premature mortality from gastrointestinal cancers (GI cancers) at national and subnational levels in Iran.Methods: Employing the data obtained from Iranian Death Registry System (DRS) and population data from census, the mortality rates of GI cancers was calculated among 30-70 age groups. The trends of esophageal, colon and rectum, gallbladder, pancreases, stomach, and liver cancer premature mortalities were estimated and projected at the national and subnational levels from 2001 to 2030. Then, Spatio-temporal model was used to project spatial and temporal correlations. Results: The overall mortality rate of GI cancers was higher in males than in females, indicating 6.1, 3.9 and 3.9 percent per 100000 individuals among males in 2001, 2015 and 2030 respectively and 3.8, 3.1 and 3.7 per 100000 individuals among females in the same time-frame. The overall mortality rate of GI cancers in males was decreasing until 2015 and will remain stationary into 2030; however, the rate will be increasing among females in both time-frames. Also, there was a considerable variation in the mortality trends of different cancers. Pancreatic, gallbladder, and liver cancers were shown to have an increasing trend while a drop was observed in the mortality rates of stomach, colon and rectum, and esophageal cancers. Conclusion: Variation of GI cancers patterns and trends around the country indicated that a more comprehensive control plan is needed to include the predicted variations.

scholarly journals Premature Mortality of Gastrointestinal Cancer in Iran: Trends and Projections for 2001–2030

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani ◽  
Farshad Farzadfar ◽  
Moein Yoosefi ◽  
Kamyar Mansori ◽  
Reza Khosravi Shadman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Liver Cancers ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
Gi Cancers ◽  
Overall Mortality

Abstract Background: The present study was conducted to determine the trend and projection of premature mortality from gastrointestinal cancers (GI cancers) at national and subnational levels in Iran.Methods: Employing the data obtained from Iranian Death Registry System (DRS) and population data from census, the mortality rates of GI cancers was calculated among 30-70 age groups. The trends of esophageal, colon and rectum, gallbladder, pancreases, stomach, and liver cancer premature mortalities were estimated and projected at the national and subnational levels from 2001 to 2030. Then, Spatio-temporal model was used to project spatial and temporal correlations. Results: The overall mortality rate of GI cancers was higher in males than in females, indicating 6.1, 3.9 and 3.9 percent per 100000 individuals among males in 2001, 2015 and 2030 respectively and 3.8, 3.1 and 3.7 per 100000 individuals among females in the same time-frame. The overall mortality rate of GI cancers in males was decreasing until 2015 and will remain stationary into 2030; however, the rate will be increasing among females in both time-frames. Also, there was a considerable variation in the mortality trends of different cancers. Pancreatic, gallbladder, and liver cancers were shown to have an increasing trend while a drop was observed in the mortality rates of stomach, colon and rectum, and esophageal cancers. Conclusion: Variation of GI cancers patterns and trends around the country indicated that a more comprehensive control plan is needed to include the predicted variations.

scholarly journals Premature Mortality of Gastrointestinal Cancer in Iran: Trends and Projections for 2001–2030

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani ◽  
Farshad Farzadfar ◽  
Moein Yoosefi ◽  
Kamyar Mansori ◽  
Reza Khosravi Shadman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Temporal Correlations ◽  
Liver Cancers ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
Gi Cancers ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to determine the trend and projection of premature mortality from gastrointestinal cancers (GI) at national and subnational levels in Iran.Methods: According to the data gathered through Iranian Death Registry System (DRS) and population data from census, mortality rate was calculated among 30-70 age group. The trends of premature mortality of esophageal, colon and rectum, gallbladder, pancreases, stomach, and liver cancers were estimated and projected at the national and subnational levels from 2001 to 2030. Spatio-temporal model was used to project spatial and temporal correlations. Results: The mortality rate of GI cancers in males was higher than females, indicating 6.1, 3.9 and 3.9 percent per 100000 in 2001, 2015 and 2030 respectively among males; whereas, the corresponding values for females were 3.8, 3.1 and 3.7 per 100000. The mortality rate of GI cancers had been decreasing by 2015 but it will remain stable by 2030 in males; however, the rate will be increasing in females. Also, there was a considerable variation in the mortality trends of different cancers. Pancreatic, gallbladder, and liver cancers were shown to have an increasing trend while a dropped was observed in the mortality of stomach, colon and rectum, and esophageal cancers. Conclusion: The difference in the patterns of GI cancers and their trends around the country showed that a more comprehensive control plan is needed that includes the predicted variations.

scholarly journals Premature Mortality of Gastrointestinal Cancer in Iran: Trends and Projections for 2001–2030

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani ◽  
Farshad Farzadfar ◽  
Moein Yoosefi ◽  
Kamyar Mansori ◽  
Reza Khosravi Shadman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Temporal Correlations ◽  
Liver Cancers ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
Gi Cancers ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to determine the trend and projection of premature mortality from gastrointestinal cancers (GI) at national and subnational levels in Iran. Methods: According to the data gathered through Iranian Death Registry System (DRS) and population data from census, mortality rate was calculated among 30-70 age group. The trends of premature mortality of esophageal, colon and rectum, gallbladder, pancreases, stomach, and liver cancers were estimated and projected at the national and subnational levels from 2001 to 2030. Spatio-temporal model was used to project spatial and temporal correlations. Results: The mortality rate of GI cancers in males was higher than females, indicating 6.1, 3.9 and 3.9 percent per 100000 in 2001, 2015 and 2030 respectively among males; whereas, the corresponding values for females were 3.8, 3.1 and 3.7 per 100000. The mortality rate of GI cancers had been decreasing by 2015 but it will remain stable by 2030 in males; however, the rate will be increasing in females. Also, there was a considerable variation in the mortality trends of different cancers. Pancreatic, gallbladder, and liver cancers were shown to have an increasing trend while a dropped was observed in the mortality of stomach, colon and rectum, and esophageal cancers. Conclusion: The difference in the patterns of GI cancers and their trends around the country showed that a more comprehensive control plan is needed that includes the predicted variations.

scholarly journals Gender features of age-related risk of mortality associated with nervous diseases

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 703-705
Author(s):  
A K Mamedbeyli
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Gender Features ◽  
Overall Mortality

Aim. To explore the hypothesis of equal age-related risk of mortality associated with nervous diseases in females and males. Methods. Descriptive statistics, qualitative analysis were performed. 13 580 medical certificates of cause of death, all related to nervous diseases (all classes of ICD-10) were analyzed. Results. The mortality rate increased with age. Age-specific mortality rates had gender differences. In most ages (20-24, 30-34, 45-49, 50-54, 55-59, 65-69), mortality rate was higher in males, at the age of 5-9, 15-19, 60-64, 70 and over - in females. Death relative risk in males of different age groups (compared to the similar rates in females) varied between 0.39 (in the age group of 5-9 years) to 5.93 (in patients aged 20-24 years). Overall, the level of mortality associated with nervous diseases was 130.02±1.69 per 100 000 in males and 163.41±1.86 per 100 000 in females, so, overall mortality rate was 1.25 times higher in females. After adjustment for age differences was performed, no significant differences were found between the groups (146.74 and 144.16 per 100 000 respectively for males and females). Conclusion. Gender features of age-related risk of mortality associated with nervous diseases were characterized by multidirectional alterations of mortality rates and share of nervous diseases among all reasons of mortality. These features were mainly caused by situational factors (different age structure and overall mortality level for males and females), and vanished after adjustment.

scholarly journals MORTALITY TRENDS IN THE POPULATION OF THE IRKUTSK REGION IN THE PROCESS OF SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSFORMATIONS (1989-2017)

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
pp. 1141-1147
Author(s):  
Yaroslav A. Leshchenko ◽  
A. A. Lisovtsov
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Working Age Population

Introduction. The policy in the field of public health care should take into account the peculiarities of regional development, due to the influence of socio-environmental factors and processes. Mortality indices are the most important medico-demographic index of the state of the regional socio-ecological system. The aim of the study is to characterize the mortality trends of various age groups of the population of the Irkutsk region in the context of social and environmental transformations of the post-Soviet period. Material and methods. A retrospective longitudinal study of the mortality characteristics of the population of the Irkutsk region, the Siberian Federal District (SFD) and the Russian Federation (RF) in the dynamics from the late 1980s to 2017 was carried out. Statistical materials were obtained from the databases of the Federal State Statistics Service, the Center for Demographic Studies of the New Economic School and Demographic Yearbooks of Russia. The analysis of trends in mortality rates and their socio-ecological interpretation is carried out. Results. Dynamics of the total mortality rate in the period 1989-2017 consisted of two stages (1991-1998 and 1999-2017). Each of these stages was characterized by a marked increase in the mortality rate and its subsequent decrease. The values of this index in the Irkutsk region during the entire observation period were higher than the values of the same indicator for the SFD by 6.5-10.0% and higher than the figure for the Russian Federation by 12.9-21.5%. The dynamic changes in the mortality rates of the working-age population are similar to the corresponding characteristics of total mortality. The trends in child and infant mortality rates were characterized by a consistent decrease. The dynamics of the mortality rate of the adolescent-youth contingent (15-19 years) was similar to the dynamics of the total mortality rate. Conclusion. The phenomena of a systemic transformational crisis led to the adverse dynamics of mortality characteristics from 1992 to 2006. A major positive shift in improving mortality rates occurred in 2007-2017. It was due to positive changes in the socio-economic sphere. Only the mortality levels of the working-age population did the lag behind the figures for 1989-1990 continue. The Irkutsk region should be characterized as a region of relative socio-ecological disadvantage in the mortality rates of all age groups of the population.

Outcome in an Urban Pediatric Trauma System with Unified Prehospital Emergency Medical Services Care

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. VanRooyen ◽  
Edward P. Sloan ◽  
John A. Barrett ◽  
Robert F. Smith ◽  
Hernan M. Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Trauma Center ◽  
Pediatric Trauma ◽  
Trauma System ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Trauma Centers ◽  
Field Triage ◽  
Pediatric Trauma Center

AbstractHypothesis:Pediatric mortality is predicted by age, presence of head trauma, head trauma with a low Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, a low Pediatric Trauma Score (PTS), and transport directly to a pediatric trauma center.Population:Studied were 1,429 patients younger than 16 years old admitted to or declared dead on arrival (DOA) in a pediatric trauma center from January through October, 1988. The trauma system, which served 3-million persons, included six pediatric trauma centers.Methods:Data were obtained by a retrospective review of summary statistics provided to the Chicago Department of Health by the pediatric trauma centers.Results:Overall mortality was 4.8% (68 of 1429); 32 of the patients who died (47.1%) were DOA. The in-hospital mortality rate was 2.6%. Head injury was the principal diagnosis in 46.2% of admissions and was a factor in 72.2% of hospital deaths. The mortality rate was 20.3% in children with a GCS≤10 and 0.4% when the GCS was >10 (odds ratio [OR] = 67.0, 95% CI = 15.0–417.4). When the PTS was ≤ 5, mortality was 25.6%; with a PTS > 5, the mortality was 0.2% (OR = 420.7, 95% CI = 99.3–2,520). Although transfers to a pediatric trauma center accounted for 73.6% of admissions, direct field triage to a pediatric trauma center was associated with a 3.2 times greater mortality risk (95% CI = 1.58–6.59). Mortality rates were equal for all age groups. Pediatric trauma center volume did not influence mortality rates.Conclusions:Head injury and death occur in all age groups, suggesting the need for broad prevention strategies. Specific GCS and PTS values that predict mortality can be used in emergency medical services (EMS) triage protocols. Although the high proportion of transfers mandates systemwide transfer protocols, the lower mortality in these patients suggests appropriate EMS field triage. These factors should be considered as states develop pediatric trauma systems.

scholarly journals Descriptive-epidemiological characteristics of lung cancer in Serbia

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasa Maksimovic ◽  
Kyriakos Spanopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Introduction. Lung cancer represents the most common malignant tumour among men, and appears more and more frequently among women in many countries worldwide. The aims of this descriptive epidemiological study were to evaluate the mortality trends of all malignant tumours and lung cancer in Central Serbia from 1990 to 1999, and to estimate the incidence, mortality and the basic demographic characteristics of lung cancer in Central Serbia in 1999. Material and methods. The source of data concerning cancer cases in 1999 was the Cancer Registry of Central Serbia, while data of the Republic Statistics Institute were used for the analysis of mortality trends for the period 1990-1999. All rates were standardized by the direct method, to the world standard population. Confidence intervals for mortality rates were assessed with 95% level of probability. Linear regression coefficient was determined by Fisher's test. Results. The mortality rates showed rising tendencies for both lung cancer (y=-1876.26+0.96x, p=0.028 for men; y=654.78U).33x, p-0.001 for women) and all malignant tumours (y=-4139.88+2.15x, p=0.163 for men; y=3649.68 + 1.88x, p=0.016 for women), with statistically significant increase being observed for all trends, except all malignant tumours among men. In the year 1999, lung cancer ranked first among men and third among women, with 29.2% and 10.3% of cancer mortality respectively. The age-specific mortality rates were much higher in men in all age groups. Mortality increased with age and the highest rates were found in the age group 70-74 for both sexes. The highest incidence and mortality rates were reported in Belgrade, Moravicki and Sumadijski district. .

scholarly journals Treatment of cyanotic heart diseases in children

2004 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Ida Jovanovic ◽  
Vojislav Parezanovic ◽  
Slobodan Ilic ◽  
Djordje Hercog ◽  
Milan Vucicevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Arterial Switch Operation ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Cyanotic Heart Disease

Cyanotic heart diseases are relatively rare, but they are severe and heterogeneous congenital heart diseases, which require complex surgery. Development of different advanced surgical procedures, such as arterial switch operation (ASO), Fontan and its modifications, Norwood etc. operations, as well as better perioperative care significantly improved survival rate and quality of life of these children. The study group included 308 children treated for cyanotic heart disease in Yugoslavia, in the period January 2000 to July 2004. Some of them (239, 77.6%) were treated at the University Children?s Hospital in Belgrade, and others (69, 22.4%) in different institutions abroad. The age of the operated patients varied between 1 day and 19 years (median 12 months). The patients (pts) were divided into four groups, according to the disease and type of the operation. In the whole group of 308 patients treated due to cyanotic heart disease, there were 232 (75.3%) cases with open heart surgery and 76 (24.7%) with closed procedures. The mortality rate was significantly different between disease/operation groups, and age groups. Average mortality rates differed from 11.8% for palliative procedures to 12.5% for complete corrections. Mortality rate and achieved surgical results in treatment of chil?dren with cyanotic heart diseases were significantly worse than those published by leading cardiac surgery centers in the world. However, there is a clear tendency in introducing new surgical procedures, lowering the age at which the operation is done and decreasing the mortality rates.

scholarly journals Mortality from endometrial cancer in female population of Belgrade

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-272
Author(s):  
Vesna Pantovic ◽  
Mirjana Jarebinski ◽  
Tatjana Pekmezovic ◽  
Anita Knezevic ◽  
Darija Kisic
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Decline ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Standardized Mortality Rate

Data about mortality from malignant tumors of endometrium were analyzed in the Belgrade area during the period 1975-2000. The obtained results showed that the average percentage of endometrial cancer in mortality structure from all the cancers of female population was 2.65%. During the observed 26-years period, malignant tumors of endometrium constituted 17.38% of all the tumors of gynecological localization. The standardized mortality rate in 1975 (population worldwide used as a standard) 7.06/100 000 population while in 2000 it was 1.78/100 000 population, respectively, which showed almost fourfold mortality decline during the observed period (y=4.72-0.16x). A trend of declining risk of dying from endometrial cancer was present in all the age groups. The obtained results indicated that in the observed period the average mortality rates ranged from 0.14/100 000 population in females aged up to 34 years (y=0.30-0.01x), and reached the highest value in females aged 65-74 years (14.57/100 000; y=23.43-0.66x), and 75 years of age and over (19.62/100 000; y=31.17-0.85x).

scholarly journals Premature Mortality in Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Liang ◽  
Emmalin Buajitti ◽  
Laura Rosella
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Income Quintile ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Central Canada ◽  
Over Time

Introduction: Premature mortality (deaths before age 75) is a well-established metric of population health and health system performance. In Canada, underlying differences between provinces/territories present a need for stratified mortality trends. Methods: Using data from the Canadian Vital Statistics Database, a descriptive analysis of sex-specific adult premature deaths over 1992-2015 was conducted by province, census divisions (CD), socioeconomic status (SES), age, and underlying cause of death. Premature mortality rates were calculated as the number of deaths per 100,000 individuals aged 18 to 74, per 8-year era. SES was measured using the income quintile of the neighbourhood of residence. Absolute and relative inequalities were respectively summarized using slope and relative indices of inequality, produced via unadjusted linear regression of the mortality rate on income rank. Results: Premature mortality in Canada declined by 21% for males and 13% for females between 1992-1999 and 2008-2015. The greatest reductions were in Central Canada, while Newfoundland saw notable increases. CD-level improvements appeared mostly in the southern half of Canada. As of 2008-2015, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, and Nunavut had the highest mortality rates. Low area-level income was associated with higher mortality. SES inequalities grew over time. Newfoundland’s between-quintile differences rose from 1292 to 2389 deaths per 100k males, or 1.33 to 2.12-fold, and 586 to 1586 per 100k females, or 1.24 to 1.74-fold. In 2008-2015, mortality rates of the bottom quintile in Manitoba and Saskatchewan were more than 2.5 times those of the top. Mortality increased with age, and varied regionally. Low mortality in Central Canada and BC, and high mortality in the Territories were consistent across eras and sexes. Cause of death distributions shifted with age and sex, with more external deaths in younger males. Conclusion: Improvements were seen in adult premature mortality rates over time, but were unequal across geographies. Evidence exists for growing socioeconomic disparities in mortality.

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