scholarly journals The diagnostic performance of optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography for early primary open-angle glaucoma: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjie Li ◽  
Weishai Liu ◽  
Zichao Bai ◽  
Rongxia Cao ◽  
Haihua Ren
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Diagnostic Utility ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perfusion Density

Abstract Background: Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is often delayed in diagnosis and treatment, as it has no acute attack period, and symptoms usually appear at a relatively late stage. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) on the basis of Carl Zeiss optical coherence tomography with the support of FOURM platform is recently available in China. It is reportedly more sensitive to POAG. We reported the diagnostic utilities of OCTA and OCT which is already in clinical practice. Methods: 15 patients (23 eyes) with early POAG as observation group and 30 health people (30 eyes) as normal control group were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. OCTA-based superficial macula vessel density, superficial macula perfusion density, superficial optic disc vessel density, superficial optic disc perfusion density and OCT-based macula thickness, ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness were recorded in ​​the two groups. Independent sample t-test and receiver operating characteristic curve were used for statistical analysis. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were used to measure the diagnostic utility.Results: The optimal diagnostic utility parameters were the superficial vessel density and perfusion density in the macula (except the center of macula), and the AUCs were above 0.97. Followed by the superficial vessel density and perfusion density in the optic disc area. The OCT-based diagnostic utility parameters were generally lower than that mentioned above, the top three parameters were the inferior RNFL thickness (AUC=0.919), the superior GCC thickness (AUC=0.919) and the inferior GCC thickness (AUC = 0.908).Conclusions: Changes of thickness in macula, GCC, RNFL, and changes of superficial vessel density and perfusion density in the optic disc or in macula can be detected by OCT or by OCTA in early POAG. The OCTA-based diagnostic utility was generally higher than the OCT-based diagnostic utility.

scholarly journals Diagnostic performance of OCT and OCTA in less than 60-year-old patients with early POAG: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1915-1921
Author(s):  
Yan-Jie Li ◽  
Zi-Chao Bai ◽  
Rong-Xia Cao ◽  
Hai-Hua Ren
Keyword(s):  
Optic Disc ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Diagnostic Utility ◽  
Macular Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Disc Area ◽  
Best Parameter ◽  
Perfusion Density

AIM: To observe and characterize imaging features of macular and optic disc areas in less than 60-year-old patients with early primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), and to evaluate the diagnostic value of OCT and OCTA. METHODS: Totally 15 patients (23 eyes) with early POAG as observation group and 30 health people (30 eyes) as normal control group were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. OCTA-based superficial macula vessel density, superficial macula perfusion density, superficial optic disc vessel density, superficial optic disc perfusion density and spectral domain OCT (SD-OCT)-based macular area thickness, ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness were measured in the two groups. Independent t-test and receiver operating characteristic curve were used for analysis. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) were used to measure the diagnostic utility. RESULTS: Among all the parameters, the optimal diagnostic utility parameter was the superficial vessel density in the macular area (except the center of the macula), and the AUROC reached 0.98. The diagnostic utility of macular area perfusion density (except the center of the macula) was similar to that of superficial vessel density in the macular area, and the AUROC was above 0.97. Followed by the diagnostic utility of vessel density in the optic disc area, the best parameter was the inner ring of the vessel density, and its AUROC reached 0.97. The diagnostic utility of perfusion density in the optic disc area was slightly lower than that of vessel density in the optic disc area. The best parameter was the central optic disc perfusion density, and its AUROC was 0.95. The SD-OCT-based diagnostic utility parameters were generally lower than that mentioned above, the top three parameters were the inferior RNFL thickness (AUROC=0.919), the superior (AUROC=0.919) and the inferior GCC thickness (AUROC=0.9077). CONCLUSION: The OCT-based diagnostic utility parameters are generally lower than the OCTA-based diagnostic utility parameters. OCTA has an important clinical application value in diagnosis and evaluation for less than 60-year-old patients with early POAG.

Repeatability of vessel density measurements of optical coherence tomography angiography in normal and glaucoma eyes

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayasree P Venugopal ◽  
Harsha L Rao ◽  
Robert N Weinreb ◽  
Zia S Pradhan ◽  
Srilakshmi Dasari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Density Measurements ◽  
Density Values

AimsTo compare the intrasession repeatability of peripapillary and macular vessel density measurements of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in normal and glaucoma eyes, and to evaluate the effect of signal strength of OCTA scans on the repeatability.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, three optic nerve head scans each of 65 eyes (30 normal, 35 glaucoma eyes) and three macular scans each of 69 eyes (35 normal, 34 glaucoma eyes) acquired in the same session with OCTA were analysed. Repeatability was assessed using within-subject coefficient of repeatability (CRw) and variation (CVw). Effect of signal strength index (SSI) on repeatability was evaluated with repeated-measures mixed-effects models.ResultsCRw (%) and CVw (%) of peripapillary measurements in normal eyes ranged between 3.3 and 7.0, and 2.5 and 4.4 respectively, and that in glaucoma eyes between 3.5 and 7.1, and 2.6 and 6.6. For the macular, these measurements ranged between 4.1 and 6.0, and 3.3 and 4.7 in normal eyes and 4.3 and 6.9, and 3.7 and 5.6 in glaucoma eyes. Repeatability estimates of most measurements were similar in normal and glaucoma eyes. Vessel densities of both peripapillary and macular regions significantly increased with increase in SSI of repeat scans (coefficients ranging from 0.15 to 0.38, p<0.01 for all associations).ConclusionsRepeatability estimates of OCTA measured peripapillary and macular vessel densities were similar in normal eyes and eyes with glaucoma. SSI values of the scans had a significant effect on the repeatability of OCTA with the vessel density values increasing in scans with higher SSI values.

scholarly journals Association of Myopia With Microvascular Alterations in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wen ◽  
Zijing Li ◽  
Jianhui Xiao ◽  
Xuane Liu ◽  
Yichi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Cross Sectional

Purpose: To determine the association of myopia with peripapillary and macular microvasculature in eyes with type 2 diabetes using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).Methods: Diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy (DR) were recruited and grouped according to myopic status in this cross-sectional study. Axial length, refractive error, and OCTA parameters were measured. OCTA parameters were analyzed with adjustment of confounding factors and further Bonferroni analysis was performed to determine the differences in multiple group comparisons.Results: Compared with the diabetic eyes without myopia, those with myopia had lower rate of DR (21.82 vs. 35.90%, χ2 = 6.190, P = 0.013), longer axial lengths (24.94 ± 0.75 vs. 23.16 ± 0.64, F = 311.055, P &lt; 0.001) and reduced whole vessel density (VD) of optic nerve head (ONH) (45.89 ± 5.76 vs. 49.14 ± 4.33, F = 19.052, P &lt; 0.001), peripapillary VD (48.75 ± 6.56 vs. 50.76 ± 4.51, F = 7.600, P = 0.006), and reduced thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) (95.50 ± 12.35 vs. 100.67 ± 13.68, F = 5.020, P = 0.026). In eyes without myopia, the superficial vessel density (SVD) (46.58 ± 4.90 vs. 43.01 ± 4.25; 95% CI, 1.80–4.61; P &lt; 0.001), deep vessel density (DVD) (45.64 ± 6.34 vs. 42.15 ± 6.31; 95% CI, 1.07–5.00; P &lt; 0.001), and FD300 area density (50.31 ± 5.74 vs. 44.95 ± 6.96; 95% CI, 2.88–7.27; P &lt; 0.001) were significant reduced in eyes with DR(DR eyes) comparing to those without DR (NoDR eyes). In eyes with myopia, only SVD were significantly reduced in DR eyes comparing to NoDR eyes (41.68 ± 3.34 vs. 45.99 ± 4.17; 95% CI, 1.10–7.22; P = 0.002). In NoDR eyes, both whole VD of ONH and Peripapillary VD demonstrated a significant decrease in eyes with myopia comparing to those without myopia (49.91 ± 4.36 vs. 45.61 ± 6.32; 95% CI, 1.95–6.27; P &lt; 0.001 and 51.36 ± 4.24 vs. 48.52 ± 6.99; 95% CI, 0.56–5.11; P = 0.006, respectively).Conclusions: In diabetic patients, myopic eyes exhibited lower prevalence of DR and thinner thickness of RNFL. The refractive status could possibly impact the retinal microvascular changes from NoDR to DR stage.

scholarly journals Vessel Density and Retinal Thickness from Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography as New Indexes in Adolescent Myopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Qin Zhu ◽  
Chunwen Chen ◽  
Jingyan Yao
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Retinal Thickness ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Foveal Region ◽  
Almost All

Purpose. To evaluate and quantify blood perfusion and retinal thickness (RT) from the perspective of quadrants by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in adolescents with myopia and explore the relationship between axial elongation and related indexes of OCTA. Methods. A total of 88 subjects (149 eyes) with different degrees of myopia were included in this cross-sectional study. Vessel density (VD) and RT of quadrants in macular and peripheral regions were measured through OCTA. Results. The superficial VD (SVD) of the parainferior region was significantly correlated with axial length (AL) between the emmetropia (EM) group and high myopia (HI) group ( P = 0.012 ). There were significant differences in deep VD (DVD) in all quadrants, except for the foveal, perifoveal, and peri-inferior regions ( P > 0.05 ). However, there were significant alterations in the whole, parainferior, and perinasal regions ( P = 0.030 , 0.023, and 0.035) in the low-to-moderate myopia (L–M) group compared with those in the HI group. There were significant differences in the RT in all quadrants, except for the foveal, paratemporal, and paranasal regions ( P > 0.05 ) between the EM and L–M groups and the foveal region ( P > 0.05 ) between the EM and HI groups. Nevertheless, only RT in the peri-inferior region of the L–M and HI groups showed significant differences. AL was negatively correlated with SVD in the perifoveal and parainferior regions (r = −0.179, P = 0.029 ; r = −0.227, P = 0.005 ) and inversely correlated with DVD and RT in almost all quadrants, except for the foveal region (r = −0.020, P = 0.811 ; r = 0.135, P = 1.000 ). Conclusion. DVD and RT were closely associated with the severity of myopia and might be new indexes in assessing and detecting myopia development via OCTA.

scholarly journals Macular perfusion density evaluation in constant and intermittent exotropia by means of optical coherence tomography angiography

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhai ◽  
Wei Fang ◽  
Xueting Yu ◽  
Xinjie Ye ◽  
Lijie Hou
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Intermittent Exotropia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Perfusion Density

Abstract Background To quantify and compare retinal microvascular features using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in constant (XT) and intermittent exotropia (IXT). Methods An observational cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2020 to November 2020 at the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. OCTA examination was performed to evaluate the macular perfusion density of the deep capillary plexus (DCP), superficial capillary plexus (SCP), and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) parameters in XT and IXT patients, and in age-matched controls. The study parameters were analyzed. Results A total of 76 participants, including 16 (21%) XT patients, 24 (32%) IXT patients, and 36 (47%) controls, were recruited. The exodeviation angle was 39.06 ± 10.38 prism degrees (PD) at near and 43.00 ± 9.74 PD at distance in the XT group, and 27.13 ± 18.28 PD at near and 31.04 ± 18.82 PD at distance in the IXT group. The macular perfusion density of the DCP in 6 × 6-mm scans and the SCP in 3 × 3-mm scans were lower in the deviating eyes than in the fixating eyes of XT patients (p < 0.001, p = 0.032, respectively). The macular perfusion density of the DCP in the deviating eyes of XT and IXT patients was significantly lower than that of the controls. There was no significant difference in the FAZ parameters among the groups. Conclusions In XT patients, OCTA revealed lower macular perfusion density in deviating eyes than in fixating eyes and control eyes. IXT patients showed no difference between the two eyes, but the macular perfusion density of the DCP was lower than that of the controls.

Repeatability and comparability of peripapillary vessel density measurements of high-density and non-high-density optical coherence tomography angiography scans in normal and glaucoma eyes

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (7) ◽  
pp. 949-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayasree P Venugopal ◽  
Harsha Laxmana Rao ◽  
Robert N Weinreb ◽  
Srilakshmi Dasari ◽  
Mohammed Riyazuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Density ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

AimsTo compare the peripapillary vessel density (VD) measurements of high-density (HD) and non-HD optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) scans in normal and glaucoma eyes, and to evaluate the intrasession repeatability of VD measurements of HD scans.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, 46 normal (33 subjects) and 89 glaucoma (64 patients) eyes underwent 3 HD and 1 non-HD optic nerve head OCTA scans in the same session. Agreement in VD measurements between HD and non-HD scans was assessed using Bland and Altman analysis. Repeatability of the VD measurements of HD scans was assessed using within-subject coefficient of repeatability (CRw) and variation (CVw).ResultsThe mean difference in the VDs ranged between 0.7% (temporal sector VD) and 2.0% (inferonasal sector VD), with HD scans showing significantly greater VD values than non-HD scans. The 95% limits of agreement (LoA) in glaucoma eyes ranged between −2.0% and 5.0% for whole enface VD and between −4.8% and 9.6% for superotemporal VD. CRw (%) and CVw (%) of VD measurements of HD scans ranged from 3.0 to 4.9 and from 2.0 to 3.1 in normal eyes. The same ranged from 3.2 to 6.7 and from 2.6 to 4.8, respectively, in glaucoma eyes.ConclusionsVD of HD scans was higher than that of non-HD scans. The wide 95% LoA indicates that the VD measurements of HD and non-HD scans cannot be used interchangeably. Test–retest repeatability of VDs on HD scans was as high as 6%. These results should be considered while using OCTA for longitudinal evaluation of glaucoma.

Repeatability of Peripapillary Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Parameters in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 247412642095396
Author(s):  
Cason B. Robbins ◽  
Dilraj S. Grewal ◽  
Atalie C. Thompson ◽  
Stephen P. Yoon ◽  
Brenda L. Plassman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Capillary Perfusion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Perfusion Density

Purpose: This work assesses the intrasession repeatability of capillary perfusion density (CPD) and capillary flux index (CFI) measurements on peripapillary optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in healthy eyes of older adults. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, healthy volunteers aged 50 years or older underwent 4.5 × 4.5 mm OCTA imaging centered on the optic nerve head using Zeiss Cirrus HD-5000 AngioPlex (Carl Zeiss Meditec). Two consecutive images were acquired in the same eye during a single study session. CPD and CFI were assessed using AngioPlex Software (version 11.0.0.29946) for the radial peripapillary capillary plexus (average over whole scan area) and 4 quadrants (superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal). CPD and CFI repeatability was assessed by intraclass correlation (ICC), mean interocular differences using 2-tailed t test, and association with age using generalized estimating equations. Results: A total of 150 images were acquired from 75 eyes of 47 patients. For CPD, ICC results ranged from 0.7160 (nasal CPD) to 0.9218 (average CPD). For CFI, ICC results ranged from 0.6167 (temporal CFI) to 0.8976 (inferior CFI). Temporal CFI was significantly different between right and left eyes of the same patient ( P = .03). CPD and CFI decreased with age in all analyses (average CPD β coefficient –0.00172, P < .001; average CFI β coefficient −0.00278, P < .001). Conclusions: Moderate to good repeatability was observed for most peripapillary OCTA metrics; temporal measurements were least repeatable for CPD and CFI. Peripapillary CPD and CFI decrease with age even beyond the fifth decade in healthy older adults.

scholarly journals Diagnostic validity of optic nerve head colorimetric assessment and optical coherence tomography angiography in patients with glaucoma

2020 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-316455
Author(s):  
Carmen Mendez-Hernandez ◽  
Surina Wang ◽  
Paula Arribas-Pardo ◽  
Liseth Salazar-Quiñones ◽  
Noemi Güemes-Villahoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Diagnostic Validity ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background/AimsThe aim of this study was to assess the optic nerve head (ONH) and macular vessel density with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) and the ONH haemoglobin (ONH Hb) amount with Laguna ONhE program in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients.MethodsIn this prospective observational cross-sectional study, 67 OAG patients and 41 healthy age-sex frequency matched subjects were examined with OCT-A and retinal photos. The circumpapillary (wcpVD), optic nerve head (iVD) and macular (wmVD) capillary vessel density of OCT-A and ONH colorimetric assessment to determine the ONH Hb amount using the Laguna ONhE program were evaluated.ResultsSignificant differences between normal subjects and glaucoma patients in the wcpVD (22.18±3.42 vs 16.03±2.89%; p<0.001), iVD (18.31±5.56 vs 12.52±4.67%; p<0.001), wmVD (15.60±2.34 vs 13.34±2.32%; p<0.001) and amount of ONH Hb (71.10±1.67 vs 68.86±2.46%; p<0.001) and in the papillary cup (68.14±5.25 vs 64.77±5.08%; p=0.001) were found. The Laguna ONhE glaucoma discriminant function (GDF) index had a negative value in the OAG patients and normal values in healthy subjects (−18.76±13.31 vs 7.98±14.09; p<0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUROC) for discriminating between healthy and glaucomatous eyes was highest for wcpVD (0.93; 95% CI 0.86 to 0.97, p<0.0001), followed by GDF (0.92; 95% CI 0.86 to 0.97, p<0.0001), iVD (0.79; 95% CI 0.70 to 0.86; p<0.0001) and ONH Hb (0.78; 95% CI 0.69 to 0.85, p<0.0001). Pair wise comparisons showed that the AUROC of wcpVD (0.93) was not significantly different than GDF (0.92) (p=0.855).ConclusionLaguna ONhE program and OCT-A have similar diagnostic validity in open-angle glaucoma patients.

scholarly journals Quantitative Assessment of Retinal Thickness and Vessel Density Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease and Glaucoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemyslaw Zabel ◽  
Jakub J. Kaluzny ◽  
Katarzyna Zabel ◽  
Martyna Kaluzna ◽  
Aleksander Lamkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vascular Plexus

Abstract Background Retinal imaging using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) may serve as an alternative approach to monitoring and diagnosing neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). In this study, we performed direct comparisons of retinal vessel density with the thickness of inner retinal layer (IRL) and outer retinal layer (ORL) in patients with AD and POAG. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 48 eyes of healthy control (HC) participants, 71 eyes of POAG patients, and 49 eyes of AD patients with confirmed presence of fibrillar brain amyloid on positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with florbetapir F 18. Ophthalmic examination included OCT imaging to measure IRL and ORL thickness in the macula and OCTA in the same region for the imaging of vessel density in the superficial vascular plexus (SVP) and deep vascular plexus (DVP) of the retina. A direct comparison of vessels density and retinal layers thickness, which different dynamic ranges, was obtained by normalizing values as percentage losses. Values were adjusted for inter-eye correlation, age, gender, and scan quality, where applicable. Results Patients with AD presented significantly greater losses of vascular density in the DVP and ORL thickness compared to POAG (p < 0.001), but percentage losses of vessel density in SVP and IRL thickness were considerable in POAG compared to AD eyes (p < 0.001). Positive associations among presence of AD were observed primarily in outer retina where a 1% decrease of ORL thickness was associated with about 24–29% increase in odds of the presence of AD. According to OCTA measurements, a 1% decrease of vessel density in DVP was positively associated with a 4–9% increase in odds of the presence of AD. In POAG positive associations among presence of disease were observed only in inner retina where 1% loss of IRL thickness and a 1% loss of vessel density in the SVP were positively associated with a 13–23% increase in risk of presence of the disease. Conclusions Analysis of ORL thickness and vessel density in DVP could potentially improve diagnostic capabilities and may provide a valuable approach for predicting of AD.

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