scholarly journals Utilization of all components in biomass through high reducing sugar production and lignin nanoparticles preparation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Shengnan Zhuo ◽  
Xianfa Su ◽  
Mengying Si ◽  
Kejing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Practical Utilization ◽  
Theoretical Yield ◽  
Pretreatment Conditions ◽  
Sugar Conversion

Abstract BackgroundLignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production was considered as an effective way to develop new energy. However, the efficient sugar conversion of cellulose and practical utilization of lignin are great challenges for sustainable biorefinery. In addition, sugar conversion and lignin utilization are generally performed separately. In this study, high reducing sugar production and multiple lignin nanoparticles preparation were realized in a pattern based on tetrahydrofuran-water (THF-H2O) pretreatment of corn straw (CS). ResultsThe maximum production of the reducing sugar was 26.79 g/l, which was significantly higher than the theoretical yield of 20.65 g/l. Lignin nanoparticles with different sizes ranged from 239 to 798 nm were prepared using dissolved lignin in the supernatant fluid from different THF-H2O pretreatment conditions through self-assembly with introducing water. The formation of lignin particles with different sizes were influenced by soluble lignin characteristics in the pretreatment liquid. The lignin molecular, functional groups, and structure were explored to elucidate the effects on the variation of lignin particles sizes by GPC, FTIR, and 2D-HSQC-NMR. The guaiacyl (G)-type lignin was easier to be dissolved in the mild pretreatment liquid, contributing to form smaller lignin nanoparticles with a good dispersibility. Comparatively, a small content of syringyl- and G-type lignin which caused by the lignin depolymerization retained in the severe pretreatment liquid to form the larger sphere particles. ConclusionsThe optimal pretreatment under TH22 (THF-H2O pretreatment at 120 °C for 2 h) simultaneously realized the utilization of all components in biomass through high reducing sugar production and the smaller lignin particles preparation. This new pattern of CS pretreatment plays a novel perspective for the technical design of lignocellulosic biomass conversion.

scholarly journals Current Developments in Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion into Biofuels Using Nanobiotechology Approach

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5300
Author(s):  
Mamata Singhvi ◽  
Beom Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Enzyme Immobilization ◽  
Enzyme Stability ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Potential Strategy ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion ◽  
Review Current

The conversion of lignocellulosic biomass (LB) to sugar is an intricate process which is the costliest part of the biomass conversion process. Even though acid/enzyme catalysts are usually being used for LB hydrolysis, enzyme immobilization has been recognized as a potential strategy nowadays. The use of nanobiocatalysts increases hydrolytic efficiency and enzyme stability. Furthermore, biocatalyst/enzyme immobilization on magnetic nanoparticles enables easy recovery and reuse of enzymes. Hence, the exploitation of nanobiocatalysts for LB to biofuel conversion will aid in developing a lucrative and sustainable approach. With this perspective, the effects of nanobiocatalysts on LB to biofuel production were reviewed here. Several traits, such as switching the chemical processes using nanomaterials, enzyme immobilization on nanoparticles for higher reaction rates, recycling ability and toxicity effects on microbial cells, were highlighted in this review. Current developments and viability of nanobiocatalysts as a promising option for enhanced LB conversion into the biofuel process were also emphasized. Mostly, this would help in emerging eco-friendly, proficient, and cost-effective biofuel technology.

scholarly journals Derived high reducing sugar and lignin colloid particles from corn stover

BMC Chemistry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Shengnan Zhuo ◽  
Mengying Si ◽  
Mengting Yuan ◽  
Yan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Corn Stover ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Practical Utilization ◽  
Lignin Concentration ◽  
Colloid Particles ◽  
G Ratio

AbstractLignocellulosic biomass is considered as the largest potential candidate to develop alternative energy, such as biofuel, biomaterial. However, the efficient conversion of cellulose and practical utilization of lignin are great challenges for sustainable biorefinery. In this study, high reducing sugar yield and different size of lignin colloid particles (LCPs) were obtained via tetrahydrofuran–water (THF–H2O) pretreatment of corn stover (CS). THF–H2O as a co-solvent, could efficiently dissolve lignin and retain cellulose. After the pretreatment, 640.87 mg/g of reducing sugar was produced, that was 6.66-fold higher than that of the untreated CS. Meanwhile, the pretreatment liquor could form spherical LCPs with different sizes ranged from 202 to 732 nm through self-assembly. We studied the optimal pretreatment condition to simultaneously realize the high reducing sugar yield (588.4 mg/g) and excellent LCPs preparation with average size of 243 nm was under TH22 (THF–H2O pretreatment at 120 °C for 2 h). To further explore the formation of LCPs with different sizes. We studied the lignin structure changes of various conditions, concluded the size of LCPs was related to the lignin concentration and syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratio. As the increase of the lignin concentration and S/G, the sizes of LCPs were increased. G-type lignin was easier to dissolve in the mild pretreatment supernatant, contributing to form smaller LCPs with a good dispersibility. In the severe condition, both of S and G-type lignin were dissolved due to the lignin depolymerization, formed the larger sphere particles. This work provides a novel perspective for the technical design of lignocellulosic biomass conversion.

scholarly journals Optimization of combined pre-treatments on sugarcane leaves for bioethanol production

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
Numchok Manmai ◽  
Katherine Bautista ◽  
Yuwalee Unpaprom ◽  
Rameshprabu Ramaraj
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Central Composite Design ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Process Optimization ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Renewable Source ◽  
Naoh Pretreatment ◽  
Central Composite

This paper reports the comparison of an optimized pretreatment model for Reducing Sugar (RS) production from Sugarcane leaf (SL) using NaOH to depolymerize of lignocellulosic biomass. The addition variables for a pretreatment model consisted of NaOH concentrations, heating temperatures and pretreatment times in the variety of 1-2% (v/v), 30-40 °C and 1-3 days individually. After pretreatment RS was estimated to transform into energy, both of RS and the energy were optimized by Respond surface methodology (RSM) on Central composite design (CCD). The models showed high determinational coefficients (R2) above 0.9876. Process optimization provided highest RS yield and energy of 5.632 g/L and 90.112 kJ/L. for NaOH pretreatment at condition 2% (v/v) NaOH, low temperature (40 °C) for 3 days. This report presented demonstrate that sugarcane leaf waste which is usually burnt after harvesting can be a part of renewable source for the biofuel production.

Mechanical Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Biofuel Production

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 838-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Norsyarahah Che Kamarludin ◽  
Muhammad Syafiq Jainal ◽  
Amizon Azizan ◽  
Nor Sharliza Mohd Safaai ◽  
Ahmad Rafizan Mohamad Daud
Keyword(s):  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Processing Scheme ◽  
Mechanical Pretreatment ◽  
Liquid Biofuel ◽  
The Impact

Lignocellulosic biomass (LB) sources which are readily available in abundance are widely considered as a potential future sustainable raw materials for biofuel production. Typically, biofuel production involved several chemical and mechanical steps consisting of pretreatment, hydrolysis, fermentation and separation. The pretreatment step is considered as one of the most vital part of the whole processing scheme due to the impact it had on the efficiency of the subsequent processing steps. In this study we reviewed the mechanical pretreatment of LB focusing mainly on the size reduction technique by grinding process. Grinding is one of the proven preliminary pretreatment techniques employed in biomass conversion to liquid biofuel. However, this technique is known to be costly due to high energy consumption. In view of this, an efficient and cost effective pretreatment technology is required in order for the biofuel to be produced at a competitive level. At the same time, the impact on environment caused by the conventional pretreatment processes can be minimized. Thus, a new combined chemical-mechanical pretreatment is considered whereby a green ionic liquid (IL) solvent is introduced.

scholarly journals Effect of Severity Factor on the Subcritical Water and Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Coconut Husk for Reducing Sugar Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 786-797
Author(s):  
Maktum Muharja ◽  
Nur Fadhilah ◽  
Rizki Fitria Darmayanti ◽  
Hanny Frans Sangian ◽  
Tantular Nurtono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Severity Factor ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Preventing the further degradation of monomeric or oligomeric sugar into by-product during biomass conversion is one of the challenges for fermentable sugar production. In this study, the performance of subcritical water (SCW) and enzymatic hydrolysis of coconut husk toward reducing sugar production was investigated using a severity factor (SF) approach. Furthermore, the optimal condition of SCW was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), where the composition changes of lignocellulose and sugar yield as responses. From the results, at low SF of SCW, sugar yield escalated as increasing SF value. In the enzymatic hydrolysis process, the effect of SCW pressure is a significant factor enhancing sugar yield. A maximum total sugar yield was attained on the mild SF condition of 2.86. From this work, it was known that the SF approach is sufficient parameter to evaluate the SCW and enzymatic hydrolysis of coconut husk. Copyright © 2020 BCREC Group. All rights reserved 

An eco-friendly biomass pretreatment strategy utilizing reusable enzyme mimicking nanoparticles for lignin depolymerization and biofuel production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajiv CHANDRA RAJAK ◽  
Pathikrit Saha ◽  
Mamata S Singhvi ◽  
Darae Kwak ◽  
Danil Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Biomass Pretreatment ◽  
Enzyme Mimicking ◽  
Lignin Depolymerization

Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass to specifically depolymerise lignin moieties without loss of carbohydrates as well as to minimize the generation of harmful intermediates during the process is a major challenge...

scholarly journals Conversion of biomass to biofuels and life cycle assessment: a review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed I. Osman ◽  
Neha Mehta ◽  
Ahmed M. Elgarahy ◽  
Amer Al-Hinai ◽  
Ala’a H. Al-Muhtaseb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Thermochemical Processes ◽  
Lower Temperature

AbstractThe global energy demand is projected to rise by almost 28% by 2040 compared to current levels. Biomass is a promising energy source for producing either solid or liquid fuels. Biofuels are alternatives to fossil fuels to reduce anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Nonetheless, policy decisions for biofuels should be based on evidence that biofuels are produced in a sustainable manner. To this end, life cycle assessment (LCA) provides information on environmental impacts associated with biofuel production chains. Here, we review advances in biomass conversion to biofuels and their environmental impact by life cycle assessment. Processes are gasification, combustion, pyrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis routes and fermentation. Thermochemical processes are classified into low temperature, below 300 °C, and high temperature, higher than 300 °C, i.e. gasification, combustion and pyrolysis. Pyrolysis is promising because it operates at a relatively lower temperature of up to 500 °C, compared to gasification, which operates at 800–1300 °C. We focus on 1) the drawbacks and advantages of the thermochemical and biochemical conversion routes of biomass into various fuels and the possibility of integrating these routes for better process efficiency; 2) methodological approaches and key findings from 40 LCA studies on biomass to biofuel conversion pathways published from 2019 to 2021; and 3) bibliometric trends and knowledge gaps in biomass conversion into biofuels using thermochemical and biochemical routes. The integration of hydrothermal and biochemical routes is promising for the circular economy.

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