Episodes of Violence Suffered by Migrants Transiting Through Libya: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Reception and Healthcare Centre

Abstract Introduction: The Central Mediterranean Route, passing through Libya, is one of the most dangerous for migrants. Episodes of violence have been documented but have not been accurately quantified. The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of episodes of violence suffered in Libya by migrants consulting a Médecins du Monde reception and healthcare centre.Methodology: Monocentric cross-sectional study. All migrants over the age of 18 years who had passed through Libya and arrived in Europe from 2017 during the recruitment period (February -May 2019). The presence of emotional distress was considered as an exclusion criterion.. The proportion, frequency and factors associated to physical, deprivation and sexual violence were estimated through a bespoken questionnaire, as well as healthcare access and psychosocial support needs.Results: 98 people were recruited and 72 were interviewed (17 refused to participate and 9 were excluded). 76.4% were men, mean for the age was 31.9 years, 76.4% had low educational level, 66.7% came from Ivory Coast and 59.7% had left their country for security reasons. The median length of stay in Libya was 180 days. The overall proportion of participants having suffered from violence was 96.4% among men and 88.2% among women. The prevalence of physical, deprivation and sexual violence for men and women were 94.2%, 81.7% and 18% and 80.0%, 86.7% and 53.3%, respectively. No other statistical differences were found. Access to healthcare in Libya was non-existent. 63.9% of participants were oriented to psychosocial support after the interview. Conclusions: The vast majority of migrants report having been victims of violence during their transit through Libya. Women are at particular risk of sexual violence. Psychosocial support for this population is urgent.

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Episodes Of Violence Suffered By Migrants Transiting Through Libya: A Cross Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.2.20172/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

laura reques ◽

E Aranda-Fernandez ◽

C Rolland ◽

A Grippon ◽

C Reboul ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Access To Health Care ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Health Centre ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Central Mediterranean ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Access To Health

Abstract Introduction The Central Mediterranean Route (CMR), passing through Libya, is one of the most dangerous for migrants from Africa. Episodes of violence have been documented but have not been accurately quantified. The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of episodes of violence suffered in Libya by migrants consulting Médecins du Monde (MdM) programs in France.Methodology Monocentric cross-sectional study. The inclusion criteria included all migrants over the age of 18 who had passed through Libya, who arrived in Europe from 2017 and consulted at the MdM health centre in Paris. The presence of psycho-traumatic events was considered as exclusion criteria. The study was implemented from February to May 2019. An ad-hoc questionnaire was created. The proportion, frequency and factors associated to physical, deprivation and sexual violence were estimated, as well as access to health care and need for psychosocial support.Results 98 people were recruited and 72 were interviewed (17 refused to participate and 9 were excluded). 76.4% were men, the average age was 31.9 years, 76.4% had a low level of education, 66.7% came from Ivory Coast and 59.7% had left their country for security reasons. The median length of stay in Libya was 180 days. The overall proportion of persons having suffered violence was 96.4% for men and 88.2% for women. The prevalence of physical, deprivation and sexual violence was 94.2%, 81.7% and 18.% for men and 80.0%, 86.7% and 53.3% for women, respectively. No statistical differences by other variables were found. Access to health care in Libya was non-existent. 63.9% of participants were oriented for psychosocial support.Conclusions The vast majority of migrants report having been victims of violence during their transit in Libya. Women are at particular risk of sexual violence. Mental health support for these populations is urgent.

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Alcohol Use and Sexual Violence among Nursing Students in Catalonia, Spain: A Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18116036 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (11) ◽

pp. 6036

Author(s):

Concepció Fuentes-Pumarola ◽

Zaira Reyes-Amargant ◽

Alba Berenguer-Simon ◽

David Ballester-Ferrando ◽

Maria Dolors Burjalés-Martí ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nursing Students ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Future Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Sexual Activities ◽

Estimate Prevalence

(1) Background: Sexual violence (SV) has become common in universities for reasons related to unwanted social/peer pressures regarding alcohol/drug use and sexual activities. Objectives: To identify perceptions of SV and alcohol use and estimate prevalence among nursing students in Catalonia, Spain. (2) Methods: Observational descriptive cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of nursing students attending public universities. (3) Results: We recruited 686 students (86.11% women), who reported as follows: 68.7% had consumed alcohol, 65.6% had been drunk at least once in the previous year, 62.65% had experienced blackouts and 25.55% had felt pressured to consume alcohol. Drunkenness and blackouts were related (p < 0.000). Of the 15.6% of respondents who had experienced SV, 47.7% experienced SV while under the influence of alcohol and were insufficiently alert to stop what was happening, while 3.06% reported rape. SV was more likely to be experienced by women (OR: 2.770; CI 95%: 1.229–6.242; p = 0.014), individuals reporting a drunk episode in the previous year (OR: 2.839; 95% CI: 1.551–5.197; p = 0.001) and individuals pressured to consume alcohol (OR: 2.091; 95% CI: 1.332–3.281; p = 0.001). (4) Conclusions: Nursing instructors need to raise student awareness of both the effects of alcohol use and SV, so as to equip these future health professionals with the knowledge and skills necessary to deal with SV among young people.

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Prevalence of sexual violence and its associated factors among housemaids attending evening schools in urban settings of Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia: A school based cross sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0258953 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (10) ◽

pp. e0258953

Author(s):

Kalkidan Gezahegn ◽

Selamawit Semagn ◽

Mohammed Feyisso Shaka

Keyword(s):

Sexual Violence ◽

Formal Education ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Life Time ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

School Based

Background Housemaids are the most vulnerable group to sexual violence due to their working condition, isolation and school arrangements. Despite the ubiquity of sexual violence among the domestic work sector, particularly among housemaids, this area of research continues to be neglected. This study was aimed at examining the prevalence and factors pertaining to sexual violence among housemaids attending night school program in urban setups of Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia. Method A school based quantitative cross sectional study was conducted among 394 housemaids attending night schools in the urban setups of Gedeo Zone from April to May 2019. After stratifying of students using class grade, SRS technique was used to choose study subjects from each stratum. Quantitative data was collected using face to face interview and qualitative was collected using focus group discussion, in-depth interview and key informant interview. The data was entered and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Binary logistic regression was fitted to determine the association of each independent variable with the dependent variable. Result Based on the finding, the prevalence of sexual violence was 60.2%. The odds of experiencing sexual violence through working life-time as housemaid was higher for those who had migrated from rural to urban for work [AOR = 1.97: 95% CI, (1.07,3.63)], had less than 5 years of experience as housemaid [AOR = 3.10: 95% CI, (1.60, 6.00)], were in the age group of 15–19 [AOR = 3.75:95% CI (1.88, 7.46), ever used alcohol [AOR = 6.77: 95% CI, (2.65,17.33)] and whose fathers lacked formal education [AOR = 2.75:95%CI (1.24,6.08)]. On the other hand, unmarried /housemaids having no regular sexual partner were less likely to face sexual violence [AOR. = 0.28: 95% CI, (0.13, 0.57)]. Conclusion The level of sexual violence was found to be high among housemaids attending night schools in in this study. Housemaids from rural area, those newly starting the work, younger housemaids, and those who were married were more likely to be victims of sexual violence.

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A cross-sectional study of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among asymptomatic healthcare workers in a tertiary healthcare centre: Assessing the impact of PPE guidelines

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.ijmmb.2021.09.011 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chand Wattal ◽

Jaswinder Kaur Oberoi ◽

Neeraj Goel ◽

Sanghamitra Datta ◽

Reena Raveendran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Workers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Healthcare Centre ◽

Tertiary Healthcare ◽

The Impact

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Gender and sexual violence among students at a brazilian university

Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil ◽

10.1590/s1519-38292012000100004 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 37-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Vilma Zotareli ◽

Anibal Faúndes ◽

Maria José Duarte Osis ◽

Graciana Alves Duarte ◽

Maria Helena de Sousa

Keyword(s):

Sexual Violence ◽

Lower Risk ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Public University ◽

Gender Violence ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Ethical Attitudes ◽

University Admission

OBJECTIVES: the prevalence of gender and sexual violence, its association with gender and ethical attitudes and the experience of suffering and perpetration of violence were evaluated among students at a public university in Brazil. METHODS: a cross-sectional study analyzed the answers given by 2430 students to a questionnaire sent by internet. RESULTS: among girls, 56.3% had been subjected to some kind of violence and 9.4% to sexual violence since university admission; 29.9% of men reported having perpetrated some kind of violence, 11.4% gender and 3.3% sexual violence. Multivariate analysis showed that living with parents/relatives was a protective factor for women being subjected to and men perpetrating sexual violence but not for "any type of violence". Lower scores for ethical attitudes were associated with a greater likelihood of men perpetrating any kind of or gender violence. Student for whom religion was important had a lower risk of being a perpetrator of any type and of sexual violence, but not gender violence. CONCLUSIONS: the findings may be useful for the discussion of this problem and to propose interventions to prevent or minimize the problems of gender and sexual violence on campus. Further studies in other university contexts need to be carried out to increase knowledge and explore possibilities for intervention.

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