The association between sialolithiasis and smoking, alcohol drinking and obesity in Korea: A nested case-control study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Ju Jin ◽  
Young Eun Han ◽  
Hyo Geun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Social Habits ◽  
Group Sex ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Smoking and alcohol consumption are the most common social habits in patients with sialolithiasis. Moreover, obesity has been reported to have a significant association with poor oral hygiene, one of the causes of sialolithiasis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships among tobacco smoking, drinking alcohol, obesity and sialolithiasis in a Korean population.Methods: The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort, which includes patients ≥ 40 years old, was assessed from 2002 to 2013. A total of 947 sialolithiasis participants were matched with 3,788 control subjects at a ratio of 1:4 with respect to age group, sex, income group, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. We analyzed the participants’ previous histories of smoking (current or past smokers compared to nonsmokers) and alcohol consumption (≥ 1 time per week compared to < 1 time per week) in the sialolithiasis and control groups. Obesity was measured using body mass index (BMI, kg/m2), which was categorized as < 18.5 (underweight), ≥ 18.5 and < 23 (normal), ≥ 23 and < 25 (overweight), ≥ 25 and < 30 (obese I), and ≥ 30 (obese II). Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression analyses.Results: The rate of smoking was higher in the sialolithiasis group (32.4% [307/947]) than in the control group (29.1% [1,103/3,788], P = 0.047). The adjusted OR of smoking for the sialolithiasis group was 1.31 (95% CI = 1.08-1.59, P = 0.006). Alcohol consumption and obesity were not statistically significantly related to sialolithiasis.Conclusion: The odds of smoking were increased in sialolithiasis patients compared with control subjects in the population ≥ 40 years of age.

scholarly journals Analyses of the association between sialolithiasis and smoking, alcohol drinking and obesity: A nested case-control study using national health screening in Korean adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Ju Jin ◽  
Young Eun Han ◽  
Hyo Geun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
National Health ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Social Habits ◽  
Group Sex

Abstract Background: Smoking and alcohol consumption are the most common social habits in patients with sialolithiasis. Moreover, obesity has been reported to have a significant association with poor oral hygiene, one of the causes of sialolithiasis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships among tobacco smoking, drinking alcohol, obesity and sialolithiasis in a Korean population. Methods: The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort, which includes patients ≥ 40 years old, was assessed from 2002 to 2013. A total of 947 sialolithiasis participants were matched with 3,788 control subjects at a ratio of 1:4 with respect to age group, sex, income group, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. We analyzed the participants’ previous histories of smoking (current or past smokers compared to nonsmokers) and alcohol consumption (≥ 1 time per week compared to < 1 time per week) in the sialolithiasis and control groups. Obesity was measured using body mass index (BMI, kg/m 2 ), which was categorized as < 18.5 (underweight), ≥ 18.5 and < 23 (normal), ≥ 23 and < 25 (overweight), ≥ 25 and < 30 (obese I), and ≥ 30 (obese II). Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression analyses. Results: The rate of smoking was higher in the sialolithiasis group (32.4% [307/947]) than in the control group (29.1% [1,103/3,788], P = 0.047). The adjusted OR of smoking for the sialolithiasis group was 1.31 (95% CI = 1.08-1.59, P = 0.006). Alcohol consumption and obesity were not statistically significantly related to sialolithiasis. Conclusion: The odds of smoking were increased in sialolithiasis patients compared with control subjects in the population ≥ 40 years of age.

scholarly journals Increased risk of sialolithiasis in smokers: A nested case-control study using a national health screening

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Ju Jin ◽  
Young Eun Han ◽  
Hyo Geun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
National Health ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Group Sex

Abstract ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships among tobacco smoking, drinking alcohol, obesity and sialolithiasis in a Korean population.MethodsThe Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort, which includes patients ≥ 40 years old, was assessed from 2002 to 2013. 947 sialolithiasis participants were matched with 3,788 control subjects at a ratio of 1:4 with respect to age group, sex, income group, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. We analyzed participants’ previous histories of smoking (current or past smokers compared to nonsmokers) and alcohol consumption (≥ 1 time per week compared to < 1 time per week) in the sialolithiasis and control groups. Obesity was measured using body mass index (BMI, kg/m2), which was categorized as < 18.5 (underweight), ≥ 18.5 and < 23 (normal), ≥ 23 and < 25 (overweight), ≥ 25 and < 30 (obese I), and ≥ 30 (obese II). Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression analyses.ResultsThe rate of smoking was higher in the sialolithiasis group (32.4% [307/947]) than in the control group (29.1% [1,103/3,788], P = 0.047). The adjusted OR of smoking for sialolithiasis was 1.31 (95% CI = 1.08-1.59, P = 0.006). Alcohol consumption and obesity were not statistically significantly related to sialolithiasis.ConclusionThe odds of smoking were increased in sialolithiasis patients compared with the control subjects in ≥ 40 years old population.

scholarly journals Analyses of the Relation between BPPV and Thyroid Diseases: A Nested Case-Control Study

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Hyo Geun Choi ◽  
Young Shin Song ◽  
Jee Hye Wee ◽  
Chanyang Min ◽  
Dae Myoung Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Korean National Health Insurance ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Background: This study investigated relationship between multiple thyroid disorders and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), adjusting for levothyroxine medication. Methods: The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort data from 2002 to 2015 were used. A total of 19,071 patients with BPPV were matched with 76,284 participants of a control group in a ratio of 1:4 for age, sex, income, and region of residence. The previous histories of thyroid disorders such as goiter, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism, and autoimmune thyroiditis were investigated in both the BPPV and control groups. The odds ratios (ORs) for BPPV in thyroid diseases were calculated using conditional logistic regression analyses. Results: The histories of goiter (5.5% vs. 4.1%), hypothyroidism (4.7% vs. 3.7%), thyroiditis (2.1% vs. 1.6%), and hyperthyroidism (3.1% vs. 2.5%) were higher in the BPPV group than in the control group (all p < 0.001). Goiter, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, and hyperthyroidism were associated with BPPV (adjusted OR = 1.28 (95% CI = 1.17–1.39) for goiter, 1.23 (95% CI = 1.10–1.37) for hypothyroidism, 1.13 (95% CI = 1.02–1.26) for hyperthyroidism, each p < 0.05). Conclusions: BPPV was associated with thyroid disorders such as goiter, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, and hyperthyroidism.

scholarly journals Associations between Physical Activity, Sunshine Duration and Osteoporosis According to Obesity and Other Lifestyle Factors: A Nested Case–Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4437
Author(s):  
Chan-Yang Min ◽  
Dae-Myoung Yoo ◽  
Hyo-Geun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Lower Alcohol ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
And Control

(1) Background: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the associations between physical activity (PA), sunshine duration (SD) and the occurrence of osteoporosis according to lifestyle status. (2) Methods: Data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) collected from 2009 to 2015 were used. Osteoporosis (n = 19,351) and control (n = 38,702) participants were matched in a 1:2 ratio according to age, sex, income, and region of residence. PA was classified as moderate- to high-intensity PA (MHPA) or low-intensity PA (LPA) based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). SD was classified as short (≤6 h) or long (>6 h). Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of MHPA and long SD for the occurrence of osteoporosis. Subgroup analyses were performed according to SD (or PA), obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption. (3) The adjusted OR of MHPA for osteoporosis was 0.90 (95% CI = 0.87–0.94). The results were consistent in the age/sex, SD, obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption subgroups, but not the <60-year-old male and underweight subgroups. The adjusted OR of long SD for osteoporosis was 0.96 (95% CI = 0.93–1.00). The findings were consistent in the <60-year-old female, obese, nonsmoker, and <1 time a week alcohol consumption subgroups. (4) Conclusions: We suggest that both higher intensity of PA and long SD could decrease the risk of osteoporosis. Specifically, PA could decrease the risk of osteoporosis in individuals with most characteristics except male sex or underweight. Long SD could decrease the risk of osteoporosis in young females, obese individuals, nonsmokers, and individuals with lower alcohol consumption.

scholarly journals Obesity is positively related and tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption are negatively related to an increased risk of thyroid cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo-Youn An ◽  
So Young Kim ◽  
Dong Jun Oh ◽  
Chanyang Min ◽  
Songyoung Sim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Korean National Health Insurance ◽  
Comorbidity Index

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships of smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity with thyroid cancer in Korean residents. The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort includes individuals ≥ 40 years who were assessed from 2002 to 2013. In total, 4977 thyroid cancer participants were matched with respect to age, sex, income, and region of residence with 19,908 controls at a ratio of 1:4. Crude and adjusted (for the Charlson comorbidity index, smoking status, frequency of alcohol consumption, and obesity) odds ratios (ORs) were analyzed using conditional logistic regression analyses. Additionally, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The adjusted OR of smoking for thyroid cancer was 0.62 (95% CI 0.54–0.72, P < 0.001), and that of alcohol consumption was 0.83 (95% CI 0.75–0.92, P < 0.001). The adjusted ORs of the BMI categories were 1.13 (95% CI 1.05–1.22, P = 0.002) for obese I, and 1.24 (95% CI 1.04–1.47, P = 0.014) for obese II. The ORs of smoking and alcohol consumption were lower, and those of overweight and obesity were higher in thyroid cancer patients than in individuals in the control group.

scholarly journals Association between Herpes Zoster and Osteoporosis: A Nested Case-Control Study Using a National Sample Cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Chanyang Min ◽  
Woo Jin Bang ◽  
Dong Jun Oh ◽  
Songyong Sim ◽  
Hyo Geun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subgroup Analyses ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Age And Sex

Objectives. Chronic inflammatory disease might affect osteoporosis; however, few studies have reported the association between herpes zoster and osteoporosis. The goal of this study was to estimate the association between herpes zoster and osteoporosis in Korean residents. Methods. The Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort, which includes individuals aged ≥ 50 years, was assessed from 2002 to 2013. In total, 68,492 osteoporosis participants were matched with 68,492 control participants at a ratio of 1:1 by age, sex, income, and region of residence. We assayed the prior histories of herpes zoster in the osteoporosis and control groups. The diagnoses of herpes zoster and osteoporosis were based on ICD-10 codes and claim codes. Crude and adjusted models of odds ratios (ORs) were explored using conditional logistic regression analyses, and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed. The participants were stratified according to age, sex, income, and region of residence. Subgroup analyses were performed to investigate the role of age and sex. Results. The rate of herpes zoster in the osteoporosis group (5.1% [3,487/68,492]) was higher than that in the control group (4.0% [2,738/68,492]). The adjusted OR of herpes zoster in the osteoporosis group was 1.17 (95% CI = 1.11-1.24). In the subgroup analyses, the adjusted OR was 1.34 (95% CI = 1.01-1.78) among males aged < 65 years, 1.20 (95% CI = 1.12-1.29) among females aged < 65 years, and 1.19 (95% CI = 1.04-1.36) among males aged ≥ 65 years. Conclusion. The ORs of herpes zoster were increased among the osteoporosis patients. This correlation was reliable in all subgroups by age and sex except group of women ≥ 65 years old.

scholarly journals Psoriasis is Associated with An Increased Risk of Osteoporosis: Follow-Up and Nested Case–Control Studies Using A National Sample Cohort

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Woo Lee ◽  
Chanyang Min ◽  
Chul Hwan Bang ◽  
Bong Cheol Kwon ◽  
Hyo Geun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Income Group ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group Sex

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between psoriasis and osteoporosis using two different studies. Methods: Data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort of participants who were &ge;&thinsp;40 years old were collected from 2002 to 2013. Psoriasis and osteoporosis were included using ICD-10 codes. In study I (a follow-up study), a total of 25,306 psoriasis participants were matched to 101,224 controls with respect to age group, sex, income group, and region of residence, and the occurrence of osteoporosis was analyzed. Crude (simple) and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were analyzed using a stratified Cox proportional hazard model. In study II (a nested case&ndash;control study), a total of 79,212 osteoporosis patients were matched to 79,212 controls, and a previous history of psoriasis was analyzed. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were analyzed using a conditional logistic regression analysis. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to age group and sex. Results: The adjusted HR of osteoporosis was 1.11 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07-1.15, P &lt; 0.001) in study I. In the subgroup analysis according to age and sex, the results were consistent except for the &ge;&thinsp;60-year-old women. The adjusted OR of psoriasis was 1.22 (95% CI = 1.16-1.28, P &lt; 0.001) in study II. All subgroups demonstrated high adjusted ORs of osteoporosis for psoriasis. Conclusions: Psoriasis increased the risk of osteoporosis in the population of participants aged&thinsp;&ge;&thinsp;40 years in Korea.

Association Between Thyroid Diseases and Parkinson’s Disease: A Nested Case-Control Study Using a National Health Screening Cohort

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ji Hee Kim ◽  
Heui Seung Lee ◽  
Jun Hyong Ahn ◽  
Jae Keun Oh ◽  
In Bok Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
National Health ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Pituitary Thyroid Axis ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Levothyroxine Treatment

Background: Although the dopaminergic system is interconnected with the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, few studies have explained the causal relationship between thyroid disease and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate the association between thyroid diseases and PD in Korean residents. Methods: The Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort, which includes individuals aged ≥40 years, was assessed from 2002 to 2015. A total of 5,586 PD patients were matched by age, sex, income, and the region of residence with 22,344 control participants at a ratio of 1:4. In the PD and control groups, previous histories of levothyroxine treatment, goiter, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, and hyperthyroidism were investigated. Results: The rates of levothyroxine treatment for more than 3 months, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism were higher in the PD group than the control group (3.2%, 3.8%, and 2.8% vs. 2.5%, 2.9%, and 1.9%, respectively, p <  0.05). The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) in model 2, which was adjusted for all potential confounders, for hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in the PD group were 1.25 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–1.55, p = 0.044) and 1.37 (95% CI 1.13–1.67, p = 0.002), respectively. In subgroup analyses, the association between hypothyroidism and PD was maintained in men older than 70 years and the association between hyperthyroidism and PD was maintained in women younger than 70 years. Conclusion: Both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were associated with higher risk of PD, particularly for women younger than 70 years and men older than 70 years, respectively.

scholarly journals Intermuscular Fat Content in Young Chinese Men With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: Based on MR mDIXON-Quant Quantitative Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuyao Yu ◽  
Bing He ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Fengzhe Wang ◽  
Haidong Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetes Group ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
And Control

ObjectiveSkeletal muscle fat content is one of the important contributors to insulin resistance (IR), but its diagnostic value remains unknown, especially in the Chinese population. Therefore, we aimed to analyze differences in skeletal muscle fat content and various functional MRI parameters between diabetic patients and control subjects to evaluate the early indicators of diabetes. In addition, we aimed to investigate the associations among skeletal muscle fat content, magnetic resonance parameters of skeletal muscle function and IR in type 2 diabetic patients and control subjects.MethodsWe enrolled 12 patients (age:29-38 years, BMI: 25-28 kg/m2) who were newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (intravenous plasma glucose concentration≥11.1mmol/l or fasting blood glucose concentration≥7.0mmol/l) together with 12 control subjects as the control group (age: 26-33 years, BMI: 21-28 kg/m2). Fasting blood samples were collected for the measurement of glucose, insulin, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (PBG2h), and glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc). The magnetic resonance scan of the lower extremity and abdomen was performed, which can evaluate visceral fat content as well as skeletal muscle metabolism and function through transverse relaxation times (T2), fraction anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values.ResultsWe found a significant difference in intermuscular fat (IMAT) between the diabetes group and the control group (p&lt;0.05), the ratio of IMAT in thigh muscles of diabetes group was higher than that of control group. In the entire cohort, IMAT was positively correlated with HOMA-IR, HbAlc, T2, and FA, and the T2 value was correlated with HOMA-IR, PBG2h and HbAlc (p&lt;0.05). There were also significant differences in T2 and FA values between the diabetes group and the control group (p&lt;0.05). According to the ROC, assuming 8.85% of IMAT as the cutoff value, the sensitivity and specificity of IMAT were 100% and 83.3%, respectively. Assuming 39.25ms as the cutoff value, the sensitivity and specificity of T2 value were 66.7% and 91.7%, respectively. All the statistical analyses were adjusted for age, BMI and visceral fat content.ConclusionDeposition of IMAT in skeletal muscles seems to be an important determinant for IR in type 2 diabetes. The skeletal muscle IMAT value greater than 8.85% and the T2 value greater than 39.25ms are suggestive of IR.

Association between statin use and the risks of glaucoma in Australia: a 10-year cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2021-318789
Author(s):  
Yixiong Yuan ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Xianwen Shang ◽  
Ruilin Xiong ◽  
Jason Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression Model ◽  
The People ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Statin Use

SynopsisIn a cohort of middle-aged and elderly Australians, we found that long-term statin use was associated with a higher risk of glaucoma onset. As to subtypes of statins, the increased risk was only found in rosuvastatin users.PurposeTo investigate the relationship between statin use and glaucoma onset in a 10-year longitudinal study.MethodsThis nested case–control study was based on data from a large-scale cohort of Australians aged over 45 years old. Medication exposure was identified by claims records from the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme during the follow-up period (2009–2016). The onset of glaucoma was defined as the people with at least three claims of antiglaucoma medications. Controls matched by age, gender and cardiovascular diseases were selected from participants without prescription of antiglaucoma medications. A conditional logistic regression model was used to assess the association between statin use and glaucoma onset.ResultsThe proportion of statin users was higher in the case group (40.5%) than that in the control group (38.4%). After adjusting for baseline characteristics and longitudinal claims records, statin use was not associated with glaucoma onset (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.11). However, an increased risk of glaucoma onset was observed in participants with a longer duration of statin use (>3 years vs <1 year: OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.21). With respect to specific types of statins, participants taking rosuvastatin were more likely to suffer from glaucoma (OR 1.11, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.22). The use of other statins was not significantly associated with glaucoma onset.ConclusionsLong-term statin use was found to be associated with a higher risk of glaucoma onset in this study. Regarding specific types of statins, the increased risk of glaucoma onset was only observed in users of rosuvastatin.

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