Analyses of the Relation between BPPV and Thyroid Diseases: A Nested Case-Control Study

Background: This study investigated relationship between multiple thyroid disorders and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), adjusting for levothyroxine medication. Methods: The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort data from 2002 to 2015 were used. A total of 19,071 patients with BPPV were matched with 76,284 participants of a control group in a ratio of 1:4 for age, sex, income, and region of residence. The previous histories of thyroid disorders such as goiter, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism, and autoimmune thyroiditis were investigated in both the BPPV and control groups. The odds ratios (ORs) for BPPV in thyroid diseases were calculated using conditional logistic regression analyses. Results: The histories of goiter (5.5% vs. 4.1%), hypothyroidism (4.7% vs. 3.7%), thyroiditis (2.1% vs. 1.6%), and hyperthyroidism (3.1% vs. 2.5%) were higher in the BPPV group than in the control group (all p < 0.001). Goiter, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, and hyperthyroidism were associated with BPPV (adjusted OR = 1.28 (95% CI = 1.17–1.39) for goiter, 1.23 (95% CI = 1.10–1.37) for hypothyroidism, 1.13 (95% CI = 1.02–1.26) for hyperthyroidism, each p < 0.05). Conclusions: BPPV was associated with thyroid disorders such as goiter, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, and hyperthyroidism.

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Association between Osteoporosis and Previous Statin Use: A Nested Case-Control Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182211902 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (22) ◽

pp. 11902

Author(s):

So Young Kim ◽

Dae Myoung Yoo ◽

Chanyang Min ◽

Ji Hee Kim ◽

Mi Jung Kwon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Elderly Women ◽

Female Group ◽

Region Of Residence ◽

Korean National Health Insurance ◽

Reduced Rate ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

And Control ◽

The Relationship ◽

Control Study ◽

Statin Use

The relationship between statin use and osteoporosis is controversial; therefore, this study aimed to investigate this association. The ≥40-year-old population of the Korean National Health Insurance Service Health Screening Cohort was enrolled. The 68,592 osteoporosis patients were matched 1:1 with control participants for age, sex, income, and region of residence using propensity score matching. The histories of statin use for two years before the diagnosis of osteoporosis (index date) in the osteoporosis and control groups were compared using conditional/unconditional logistic regression. An increased number of days of statin use was not associated with osteoporosis (adjusted OR (aOR) = 0.97, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.94–1.00, p = 0.052). In the subgroup analyses, a large number of days of statin use was related to a reduced rate of osteoporosis in the <60-year-old female group, while the opposite was true in the ≥60-year-old female group. Both lipophilic and hydrophilic statins were related to a decreased rate of osteoporosis in the <60-year-old female group. Lipophilic statins, but not hydrophilic statins, were associated with an increased rate of osteoporosis in the ≥60-year-old female group. Statin use showed different associations in middle-aged and elderly women.

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The association between sialolithiasis and smoking, alcohol drinking and obesity in Korea: A nested case-control study

10.21203/rs.2.20833/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Young Ju Jin ◽

Young Eun Han ◽

Hyo Geun Choi

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Conditional Logistic Regression ◽

Income Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Region Of Residence ◽

Social Habits ◽

Group Sex ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

And Control

Abstract Background: Smoking and alcohol consumption are the most common social habits in patients with sialolithiasis. Moreover, obesity has been reported to have a significant association with poor oral hygiene, one of the causes of sialolithiasis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships among tobacco smoking, drinking alcohol, obesity and sialolithiasis in a Korean population.Methods: The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort, which includes patients ≥ 40 years old, was assessed from 2002 to 2013. A total of 947 sialolithiasis participants were matched with 3,788 control subjects at a ratio of 1:4 with respect to age group, sex, income group, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. We analyzed the participants’ previous histories of smoking (current or past smokers compared to nonsmokers) and alcohol consumption (≥ 1 time per week compared to < 1 time per week) in the sialolithiasis and control groups. Obesity was measured using body mass index (BMI, kg/m2), which was categorized as < 18.5 (underweight), ≥ 18.5 and < 23 (normal), ≥ 23 and < 25 (overweight), ≥ 25 and < 30 (obese I), and ≥ 30 (obese II). Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression analyses.Results: The rate of smoking was higher in the sialolithiasis group (32.4% [307/947]) than in the control group (29.1% [1,103/3,788], P = 0.047). The adjusted OR of smoking for the sialolithiasis group was 1.31 (95% CI = 1.08-1.59, P = 0.006). Alcohol consumption and obesity were not statistically significantly related to sialolithiasis.Conclusion: The odds of smoking were increased in sialolithiasis patients compared with control subjects in the population ≥ 40 years of age.

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Obesity is positively related and tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption are negatively related to an increased risk of thyroid cancer

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-76357-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Soo-Youn An ◽

So Young Kim ◽

Dong Jun Oh ◽

Chanyang Min ◽

Songyoung Sim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Conditional Logistic Regression ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Control Group ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Region Of Residence ◽

Korean National Health Insurance ◽

Comorbidity Index

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships of smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity with thyroid cancer in Korean residents. The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort includes individuals ≥ 40 years who were assessed from 2002 to 2013. In total, 4977 thyroid cancer participants were matched with respect to age, sex, income, and region of residence with 19,908 controls at a ratio of 1:4. Crude and adjusted (for the Charlson comorbidity index, smoking status, frequency of alcohol consumption, and obesity) odds ratios (ORs) were analyzed using conditional logistic regression analyses. Additionally, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The adjusted OR of smoking for thyroid cancer was 0.62 (95% CI 0.54–0.72, P < 0.001), and that of alcohol consumption was 0.83 (95% CI 0.75–0.92, P < 0.001). The adjusted ORs of the BMI categories were 1.13 (95% CI 1.05–1.22, P = 0.002) for obese I, and 1.24 (95% CI 1.04–1.47, P = 0.014) for obese II. The ORs of smoking and alcohol consumption were lower, and those of overweight and obesity were higher in thyroid cancer patients than in individuals in the control group.

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Association Between Thyroid Diseases and Parkinson’s Disease: A Nested Case-Control Study Using a National Health Screening Cohort

Journal of Parkinson s Disease ◽

10.3233/jpd-202265 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Ji Hee Kim ◽

Heui Seung Lee ◽

Jun Hyong Ahn ◽

Jae Keun Oh ◽

In Bok Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

National Health ◽

National Sample ◽

Thyroid Diseases ◽

Control Group ◽

Region Of Residence ◽

Pituitary Thyroid Axis ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Levothyroxine Treatment

Background: Although the dopaminergic system is interconnected with the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, few studies have explained the causal relationship between thyroid disease and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate the association between thyroid diseases and PD in Korean residents. Methods: The Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort, which includes individuals aged ≥40 years, was assessed from 2002 to 2015. A total of 5,586 PD patients were matched by age, sex, income, and the region of residence with 22,344 control participants at a ratio of 1:4. In the PD and control groups, previous histories of levothyroxine treatment, goiter, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, and hyperthyroidism were investigated. Results: The rates of levothyroxine treatment for more than 3 months, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism were higher in the PD group than the control group (3.2%, 3.8%, and 2.8% vs. 2.5%, 2.9%, and 1.9%, respectively, p < 0.05). The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) in model 2, which was adjusted for all potential confounders, for hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in the PD group were 1.25 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–1.55, p = 0.044) and 1.37 (95% CI 1.13–1.67, p = 0.002), respectively. In subgroup analyses, the association between hypothyroidism and PD was maintained in men older than 70 years and the association between hyperthyroidism and PD was maintained in women younger than 70 years. Conclusion: Both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were associated with higher risk of PD, particularly for women younger than 70 years and men older than 70 years, respectively.

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Risk factors for bleeding in haemato-oncology patients—a nested case–control study: The BITE study protocol (Bleeding In Thrombocytopenia Explained)

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034710 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. e034710 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Loes L Cornelissen ◽

Camila Caram-Deelder ◽

Johanna G van der Bom ◽

Rutger A Middelburg ◽

Jaap Jan Zwaginga

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Conditional Logistic Regression ◽

Case Control ◽

Source Population ◽

Bleeding Events ◽

Oncological Patients ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

And Control ◽

Control Study

IntroductionHaemato-oncological patients often receive platelet count driven prophylactic platelet transfusions to prevent bleeding. However, many prophylactically transfused patients still bleed. More knowledge on risk factors for bleeding is therefore needed. This will enable identification of bleeding risk profiles on which future transfusion policy can be optimised. The present BITE study (Bleeding In Thrombocytopenia Explained) aims to identify clinical conditions and biomarkers that are associated with clinically relevant bleeding events.Methods and analysisA matched case–control study nested in a cohort of haemato-oncological patients in the Netherlands. We collect a limited number of variables from all eligible patients, who together form the source population. These patients are followed for the occurrence of clinically relevant bleeding. Consenting patients of the source population form the cohort. Cases from the cohort are frequency matched to selected control patients for the nested case–control study. Of both case and control patients more detailed clinical data is collected.Study populationAdult haemato-oncological patients, who are admitted for intensive chemotherapeutic treatment or stem cell transplantation, or who received such treatments in the past and are readmitted for disease or treatment-related adverse events.Statistical analysisBleeding incidences will be calculated for the total source population, as well as for different subgroups. The association between potential risk factors and the occurrence of bleeding will be analysed using conditional logistic regression, to account for matching of case and control patients.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Medical Research Ethics Committee Leiden Den Haag and Delft, and the Radboudumc Committee on Research Involving Human Subjects. Approval in seven other centres is foreseen. Patients will be asked for written informed consent and data is coded before analyses, according to Dutch privacy law. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNL62499.058.17. NCT03505086; Pre-results.

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Association between Herpes Zoster and Osteoporosis: A Nested Case-Control Study Using a National Sample Cohort

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/4789679 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Chanyang Min ◽

Woo Jin Bang ◽

Dong Jun Oh ◽

Songyong Sim ◽

Hyo Geun Choi

Keyword(s):

Herpes Zoster ◽

Conditional Logistic Regression ◽

National Sample ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽

Control Group ◽

Subgroup Analyses ◽

Region Of Residence ◽

Icd 10 ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Age And Sex

Objectives. Chronic inflammatory disease might affect osteoporosis; however, few studies have reported the association between herpes zoster and osteoporosis. The goal of this study was to estimate the association between herpes zoster and osteoporosis in Korean residents. Methods. The Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort, which includes individuals aged ≥ 50 years, was assessed from 2002 to 2013. In total, 68,492 osteoporosis participants were matched with 68,492 control participants at a ratio of 1:1 by age, sex, income, and region of residence. We assayed the prior histories of herpes zoster in the osteoporosis and control groups. The diagnoses of herpes zoster and osteoporosis were based on ICD-10 codes and claim codes. Crude and adjusted models of odds ratios (ORs) were explored using conditional logistic regression analyses, and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed. The participants were stratified according to age, sex, income, and region of residence. Subgroup analyses were performed to investigate the role of age and sex. Results. The rate of herpes zoster in the osteoporosis group (5.1% [3,487/68,492]) was higher than that in the control group (4.0% [2,738/68,492]). The adjusted OR of herpes zoster in the osteoporosis group was 1.17 (95% CI = 1.11-1.24). In the subgroup analyses, the adjusted OR was 1.34 (95% CI = 1.01-1.78) among males aged < 65 years, 1.20 (95% CI = 1.12-1.29) among females aged < 65 years, and 1.19 (95% CI = 1.04-1.36) among males aged ≥ 65 years. Conclusion. The ORs of herpes zoster were increased among the osteoporosis patients. This correlation was reliable in all subgroups by age and sex except group of women ≥ 65 years old.

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Association between Proton Pump Inhibitors and Hearing Impairment: A Nested Case-Control Study

Current Issues in Molecular Biology ◽

10.3390/cimb43010012 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 142-152

Author(s):

So Young Kim ◽

Chang Ho Lee ◽

Chanyang Min ◽

Dae Myoung Yoo ◽

Hyo Geun Choi

Keyword(s):

Hearing Impairment ◽

Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽

Proton Pump ◽

Index Date ◽

Conditional Logistic Regression ◽

Positive Association ◽

Hearing Impairments ◽

Region Of Residence ◽

Korean National Health Insurance ◽

Nested Case Control

This study investigated the association of previous use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) with the rate of hearing impairment. The ≥40-year-old population in the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort was enrolled. The 6626 registered hearing-impaired patients were matched with 508,240 control participants for age, sex, income, region of residence, and index date (date of hearing impairment diagnosis). The prescription histories of PPIs were collected for 2 years before the index date. The odds ratios of the duration of PPI use for hearing impairment were analyzed using conditional logistic regression. Subgroups of age/sex and severity of hearing impairments were additionally analyzed for the relation of PPI use with hearing impairment. PPI use for 30–365 days was associated with a 1.65-times higher odds of hearing impairment (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.47–1.86 for 30–365 days of PPI medication). PPI use for ≥365 days was also related to 1.52-times higher odds of hearing impairment (95% CI = 1.35–1.72, p < 0.001). All age and sex subgroups demonstrated a positive association between PPI use and hearing impairment. Severe hearing impairment showed consistently higher odds of a relation with PPI use. PPI use was associated with an increased rate of hearing impairment.

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Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo and the Increased Risk of Ischemic Stroke: A Nested Case-Control Study Using a National Cohort Sample

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2021/6629028 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Hyo Geun Choi ◽

So Young Kim

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ◽

National Sample ◽

Positional Vertigo ◽

History Of ◽

Korean National Health Insurance ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Control Study ◽

Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

A recent population cohort study reported that benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) was a risk factor for ischemic stroke. This study investigated the risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes in patients with BPPV. A nested case-control study used the data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort between 2002 and 2013. We used data of patients aged ≥50 years obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort between 2002 and 2013. A total of 15,610 patients with ischemic stroke and 4,923 patients with hemorrhagic stroke were matched for age, sex, income, residential location, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia with 62,440 and 19,692 controls, respectively. History of BPPV was evaluated in the stroke and control groups. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for stroke in patients with BPPV were analyzed using stratified logistic regression analysis. Subgroup analyses were performed for age and sex. Notably, 3.7% (572/15,610) of patients with ischemic stroke and 2.7% (1,702/62,440) of the control subjects reported a history of BPPV ( P < 0.001 ). The adjusted OR for BPPV in patients with ischemic stroke was 1.35 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22–1.49, P < 0.001 ). Patients with ischemic stroke showed higher ORs for BPPV in the subgroup of women. Patients with hemorrhagic stroke did not show a high OR for BPPV. Ischemic stroke patients demonstrated the increased OR for BPPV in subjects aged ≥50 years old.

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Associations between Physical Activity, Sunshine Duration and Osteoporosis According to Obesity and Other Lifestyle Factors: A Nested Case–Control Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18094437 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (9) ◽

pp. 4437

Author(s):

Chan-Yang Min ◽

Dae-Myoung Yoo ◽

Hyo-Geun Choi

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Sunshine Duration ◽

Conditional Logistic Regression ◽

National Sample ◽

Young Females ◽

Lower Alcohol ◽

Region Of Residence ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

And Control

(1) Background: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the associations between physical activity (PA), sunshine duration (SD) and the occurrence of osteoporosis according to lifestyle status. (2) Methods: Data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) collected from 2009 to 2015 were used. Osteoporosis (n = 19,351) and control (n = 38,702) participants were matched in a 1:2 ratio according to age, sex, income, and region of residence. PA was classified as moderate- to high-intensity PA (MHPA) or low-intensity PA (LPA) based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). SD was classified as short (≤6 h) or long (>6 h). Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of MHPA and long SD for the occurrence of osteoporosis. Subgroup analyses were performed according to SD (or PA), obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption. (3) The adjusted OR of MHPA for osteoporosis was 0.90 (95% CI = 0.87–0.94). The results were consistent in the age/sex, SD, obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption subgroups, but not the <60-year-old male and underweight subgroups. The adjusted OR of long SD for osteoporosis was 0.96 (95% CI = 0.93–1.00). The findings were consistent in the <60-year-old female, obese, nonsmoker, and <1 time a week alcohol consumption subgroups. (4) Conclusions: We suggest that both higher intensity of PA and long SD could decrease the risk of osteoporosis. Specifically, PA could decrease the risk of osteoporosis in individuals with most characteristics except male sex or underweight. Long SD could decrease the risk of osteoporosis in young females, obese individuals, nonsmokers, and individuals with lower alcohol consumption.

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Study of cognitive impairment and genetic polymorphism of SLC41A1 (rs11240569 allele) in Parkinson’s disease in Upper Egypt: case-control study

The Egyptian Journal of Neurology Psychiatry and Neurosurgery ◽

10.1186/s41983-021-00341-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hamdy N. El-Tallawy ◽

Tahia H. Saleem ◽

Wafaa M. Farghaly ◽

Heba Mohamed Saad Eldien ◽

Ashraf Khodaery ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Motor Symptoms ◽

And Control ◽

Non Motor Symptoms ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background Parkinson’s disease is one of the neurodegenerative disorders that is caused by genetic and environmental factors or interaction between them. Solute carrier family 41 member 1 within the PARK16 locus has been reported to be associated with Parkinson’s disease. Cognitive impairment is one of the non-motor symptoms that is considered a challenge in Parkinson’s disease patients. This study aimed to investigate the association of rs11240569 polymorphism; a synonymous coding variant in SLC41A1 in Parkinson’s disease patients in addition to the assessment of cognitive impairment in those patients. Results In a case -control study, rs11240569 single nucleotide polymorphisms in SLC41A1, genes were genotyped in 48 Parkinson’s disease patients and 48 controls. Motor and non-motor performance in Parkinson's disease patients were assessed by using the Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). The genotype and allele frequencies were compared between the two groups and revealed no significant differences between case and control groups for rs11240569 in SLC41A1 gene with P value .523 and .54, respectively. Cognition was evaluated and showed the mean ± standard deviation (SD) of WAIS score of PD patients 80.4 ± 9.13 and the range was from 61 to 105, in addition to MMSE that showed mean ± SD 21.96 ± 3.8. Conclusion Genetic testing of the present study showed that rs11240569 polymorphism of SLC41A1 gene has no significant differences in distributions of alleles and genotypes between cases and control group, in addition to cognitive impairment that is present in a large proportion of PD patients and in addition to the strong correlation between cognitive impairment and motor and non-motor symptoms progression.

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