scholarly journals Levels of support for the licensing of tobacco retailers in Australia: Findings from the National Drug Strategy Household Survey 2004-2016

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Baker ◽  
Stephen Begg ◽  
Mohd Masood ◽  
Muhammad Aziz Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Public Support ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Tobacco Policies ◽  
National Drug ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Levels Of Support ◽  
Clear Majority

Abstract Background: Assessing public opinion towards tobacco policies is important, particularly when determining the possible direction of future public health policies. The aim of this study was to describe the implementation of tobacco retailer licensing systems by state and territory governments in Australia, and use the National Drug Strategy Household Survey (NDSHS) to assess levels of public support for a retailer licensing system in each jurisdiction over time and by a range of socio-demographic and behavioural attributes. Methods: National and state/territory estimates of public support for a tobacco retailer licensing system were derived as proportions using NDSHS data from 2004 to 2016. The effect of the type of licensing system of one’s jurisdiction of residence on the likelihood of supporting such an initiative in 2016 was assessed using logistic regression while controlling for various socio-demographic characteristics. Results: Public support for a tobacco retailer licensing system ranged from a high of 67.2% (95% CI 66.5% – 67.9%) nationally in 2007 and declined to 59.5% (95% CI 58.9% – 60.2%) in 2016. In 2016, support was greatest amongst those aged 50 years and older, females, those from the least disadvantaged areas, those living in major cities, never-smokers and never-drinkers. Those living in jurisdictions with a ‘negative’ licensing system were more likely to support a licensing system than those living in jurisdictions without any system in place (OR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.01 – 1.17); however this difference disappears after adjusting for the socio-demographic and behavioural attributes of respondents (OR = 1.04, 95% CI 0.96 – 1.12). Conclusions: A clear majority of the public support a tobacco retailer licensing system, regardless of whether or not such a system is already in place in their jurisdiction of residence. While there is variation between jurisdictions in levels of support, this variation largely disappears when the different socio-demographic and behavioural attributes of the respective populations are taken into account.

scholarly journals Levels of support for the licensing of tobacco retailers in Australia: Findings from the National Drug Strategy Household Survey 2004-2016

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Baker ◽  
Mohd Masood ◽  
Muhammad Aziz Rahman ◽  
Stephen Begg
Keyword(s):  
Public Support ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Tobacco Policies ◽  
Behavioural Characteristics ◽  
National Drug ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Levels Of Support ◽  
Clear Majority

Abstract Assessing public opinion towards tobacco policies is important, particularly when determining the possible direction of future public health policies. The aim of this study was to describe the implementation of tobacco retailer licensing systems by state and territory governments in Australia, and to use the National Drug Strategy Household Survey (NDSHS) to assess levels of public support for a retailer licensing system in each jurisdiction over time and by a range of socio-demographic and behavioural attributes. National and state/territory estimates of public support for a tobacco retailer licensing system were derived as proportions using NDSHS data from 2004 to 2016. The effect of one’s jurisdiction of residence on the likelihood of supporting such an initiative in 2016 was assessed using logistic regression while controlling for various socio-demographic and behavioural characteristics. Public support for a tobacco retailer licensing system ranged from a high of 67.2% (95% CI 66.5% – 67.9%) nationally in 2007 and declined to 59.5% (95% CI 58.9% – 60.2%) in 2016. In 2016, support was greatest amongst those from Tasmania, those aged 50 years and older, females, those from the least disadvantaged areas, those living in major cities, never-smokers and never-drinkers. After adjusting for the socio-demographic and behavioural attributes of respondents, those from Queensland were significantly less likely to support a licensing system (adjusted OR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.77 – 0.94) compared to those from other jurisdictions, while those from Tasmania were significantly more likely to support a licensing system compared to those from other jurisdictions (adjusted OR = 1.29 , 95% CI 1.09 – 1.52). A clear majority of the public support a tobacco retailer licensing system, regardless of whether or not such a system is already in place in their jurisdiction of residence. Tobacco control initiatives other than a retailer licensing system may explain some of the residual variations in support observed between jurisdictions.

scholarly journals Levels of support for the licensing of tobacco retailers in Australia: Findings from the National Drug Strategy Household Survey 2004-2016

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Baker ◽  
Mohd Masood ◽  
Muhammad Aziz Rahman ◽  
Stephen Begg
Keyword(s):  
Public Support ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Tobacco Policies ◽  
Behavioural Characteristics ◽  
National Drug ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Levels Of Support ◽  
Clear Majority

Abstract Assessing public opinion towards tobacco policies is important, particularly when determining the possible direction of future public health policies. The aim of this study was to describe the implementation of tobacco retailer licensing systems by state and territory governments in Australia, and to use the National Drug Strategy Household Survey (NDSHS) to assess levels of public support for a retailer licensing system in each jurisdiction over time and by a range of socio-demographic and behavioural attributes. National and state/territory estimates of public support for a tobacco retailer licensing system were derived as proportions using NDSHS data from 2004 to 2016. The effect of one’s jurisdiction of residence on the likelihood of supporting such an initiative in 2016 was assessed using logistic regression while controlling for various socio-demographic and behavioural characteristics. Public support for a tobacco retailer licensing system ranged from a high of 67.2% (95% CI 66.5% – 67.9%) nationally in 2007 and declined to 59.5% (95% CI 58.9% – 60.2%) in 2016. In 2016, support was greatest amongst those from Tasmania, those aged 50 years and older, females, those from the least disadvantaged areas, those living in major cities, never-smokers and never-drinkers. After adjusting for the socio-demographic and behavioural attributes of respondents, those from Queensland were significantly less likely to support a licensing system (adjusted OR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.77 – 0.94) compared to those from other jurisdictions, while those from Tasmania were significantly more likely to support a licensing system compared to those from other jurisdictions (adjusted OR = 1.29 , 95% CI 1.09 – 1.52). A clear majority of the public support a tobacco retailer licensing system, regardless of whether or not such a system is already in place in their jurisdiction of residence. Tobacco control initiatives other than a retailer licensing system may explain some of the residual variations in support observed between jurisdictions.

scholarly journals Childhood Cancer: Meanings Attributed to the Disease by Parent Caregivers

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (55) ◽  
pp. 253-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Manuel Quintana ◽  
Shana Hastenpflug Wottrich ◽  
Valeri Pereira Camargo ◽  
Evandro de Quadros Cherer
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Psychological Suffering ◽  
The Family

This study aimed to comprehend the meanings that parents/caregivers of children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer attribute to their child’s disease. It is a qualitative, exploratory/descriptive study. Data were collected through group discussions and individual interviews with the parents/caregivers of children/adolescents and categorized using content analysis. The impressions of the researchers were recorded in a field diary, contributing to the data analysis. The results indicate that the disease and treatment involve periods of psychological suffering that affect the family structure. Cancer was reported as a real enemy to be fought through coping or avoidance, which generates expectations about the future and causes feelings of fear, as well as hope. It was concluded that the childhood cancer causes repercussions in the family relationships, the recognition of which can contribute to both the preparation of professional teams who work with this population, as well as the public health policies developed.

Análise das políticas públicas de saúde do idoso: estudo de revisão de literatura

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Alessandra Conceição Leite Funchal Camacho ◽  
Maria José Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Knowledge Database ◽  
Revisión Sistemática

ABSTRACTObjective: to examine the public health policies of the elderly in the references of the main databases from 2004 to 2008. Method: study of systematic review of literature conducted on databases of the Library of Health, in September 2008. For information analysis was organized the content found on the year, publication type and methods/techniques, content and essence of the production of knowledge, database, the authors' recommendations. Results: the references that were analyzed 26 and 10 in the database SCIELO, one in the BDENF and 15 in the LILACS. Conclusion: we observed an increase in publications dealing with professionals in health operationalized the public health policies of the elderly as the main recommendations bringing the development of public policies that take into account the specifics of the elderly, facilitating their access and that could reduce inequality. Mention the importance of visibility of the aging process and adequacy of public policies aimed at expansion of the strategies that have the caregiver as the leading subject. Descriptors: health public policy; aged; nursing.RESUMOObjetivo: analisar as políticas públicas de saúde do idoso nas referências das principais bases de dados de 2004 a 2008. Método: estudo de revisão de literatura sistemática realizada nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde, em setembro de 2008. Para análise das informações foi realizada a organização do conteúdo encontrado quanto ao ano, tipo de publicação e métodos/técnicas, essência do conteúdo e produção do conhecimento, base de dados, recomendações dos autores. Resultados: as referências analisadas foram 26 sendo 10 na base de dados SCIELO, uma na BDENF e 15 na LILACS. Conclusão: Verificamos um aumento de publicações que tratam de profissionais na área da saúde operacionalizando as políticas públicas de saúde do idoso trazendo como principais recomendações o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas que levem em conta as especificidades do idoso, facilitando o seu acesso e que possam reduzir desigualdades. Referem a relevância da visibilidade do processo de envelhecimento e adequação das políticas públicas visando à ampliação de estratégias que tenham o cuidador como sujeito principal. Descritores: políticas públicas de saúde; idoso; enfermagem.RESUMENObjetivo: analizar las políticas de salud pública a los ancianos en las referencias de las principales bases de datos de 2004 a 2008. Método: estudio de revisión sistemática de literatura sobre las bases de datos de la Biblioteca de la Salud, en setiembre de 2008. Resultados: las referencias que se analizaron fueron 26, tenendo 10 en la base de datos SCIELO, 01 referencia en la BDENF y 15 en el LILACS. Conclusión: se observó un aumento de publicaciones relacionadas a los profesionales de la salud en la práctica las políticas de salud pública de los ancianos con principales recomendaciones sobre el desarrollo de políticas públicas que tengan en cuenta las características específicas de los ancianos, facilitando su acceso y que podrían reducir la desigualdad. Mencionan la importancia de la visibilidad del proceso de envejecimiento y la adecuación de las políticas públicas con la ampliación de estrategias que tienen el cuidador como principal sujeto. Descriptores: políticas públicas de salud; ancianos; enfermería.

scholarly journals Medical perception of stroke care conditions in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Dias Baptista Gagliardi ◽  
Marcel Simis ◽  
Hideraldo Luiz Souza Cabeça ◽  
Rubens José Gagliardi
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Stroke Care ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Objective Data ◽  
Patient Transport ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Anonymous Questionnaire

ABSTRACT Stroke is currently the second leading cause of death in Brazil. Neurologists’ reports on the absence of adequate resources for stroke care are frequent; however, there are no objective data on this perception. Objective To assess the perception of neurologists of stroke care conditions in Brazil. Methods Neurologists from all over Brazil were surveyed by means of an anonymous questionnaire about the main shortcomings in stroke care, focusing particularly on physical structure and infrastructure (diagnostic methods, patient transport, availability of beds, multi-professional team). Results The main shortcomings are indicated: the worst conditions, among all items surveyed, were found in the public sector. In the private sector, conditions were better. Conclusions Care conditions are worse in the public sector with regard to both infrastructure and human resources. Future public health policies for the prevention and treatment of stroke should be formulated, taking into consideration neurologists’ perceptions.

scholarly journals Human Rights in a Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 219-252
Author(s):  
A. Zhebit
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
The Political ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Actions ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
The Face

The article is focused on the problem of human rights (HRs), limited or derogated from, due to the Covid-19 pandemic. While addressing some HRs limitations, derogations and even abuses, and their consequent problems, the aim is to try to analyze policy, social, moral and personal dilemmas of HRs restrictions as well as motivations behind the types of public and social behavior, in the course of the pandemic, in response to the public measures of sanitation, social distancing and confinement, travel restrictions and social assistance, recommended by the WHO and selectively followed by governments. Learning from some old experience and deriving new lessons from the pandemic, as well as from public and social actions and reactions, the purpose of the present article is to assess whether or not public health policies in this context, implemented nationally or internationally, can promote change in the HRs paradigm in the face of the existing dilemmas and dichotomies in HRs, aggravated by the pandemic. The conclusion is that the extant HRs paradigm should be redefined to address better the political, social, economic, environmental and, especially, existential exigencies of “rainy times”, thus leading to the creation of a new universal HRs code or to harmonizing the existing one.

scholarly journals China's Public Health Policies in Response to COVID-19: From an “Authoritarian” Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinghua Gao ◽  
Pengfei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Authoritarian State ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
Wide Range

Background: China is generally regarded internationally as an “authoritarian” state. Traditional definitions have assigned many negative connotations surrounding the term of authoritarian. We realize that it might not be considered value-neutral in other countries. But authoritarian in the Chinese context emphasizes more on centralized decision making, collectivism, coordinating all activities of the nation, and public support, which is considered a value-neutral term. Therefore, it is adopted in this paper. We would like to clarify this. Authoritarian governance is considered an important mechanism for developing China's economy and solving social problems. The COVID-19 crisis is no exception. Most of the current research on crisis management and government crises focuses on advanced, democratic countries. However, the consequences of crisis management by authoritarian governments have not been fully appreciated. Although prior research has addressed authoritarian initiatives to manage crises in China, authoritarian interventions have rarely been theorized in public health emergencies.Methods: Based on a literature review and theoretical analysis, we use a descriptive and qualitative approach to assess public health policies and mechanisms from an authoritarian perspective in China. In light of the key events and intervention measures of China's government in response to COVID-19, the strategic practices of the Communist Party of China (CPC) to construct, embody, or set political goals through authoritarian intervention in public health crisis management are discussed.Results: China's government responded to the COVID-19 pandemic with a comprehensive authoritarian intervention, notably by establishing a top-down leadership mechanism, implementing a resolute lockdown, rapidly establishing square cabin hospitals, enhancing cooperation between different government departments, mobilizing a wide range of volunteer resources, enforcing the use of health codes, imposing mandatory quarantine on those returning from abroad, and implementing city-wide nucleic acid testing. These measures ensured that China was able to contain the outbreak quickly and reflect on the unique role of the Chinese authoritarian system in responding to public health crises.Conclusions: Our paper contributes to expanding the existing understanding of the relationship between crisis management and authoritarian system. China's response to COVID-19 exemplifies the unique strengths of authoritarian institutions in public health crisis management, which is a helpful and practical tool to further enhance the CPC's political legitimacy. As a socialist model of crisis management with Chinese characteristics, it may offer desirable experiences and lessons for other countries still ravaged by the epidemic.

scholarly journals Barriers in health care to breast cancer: perception of women

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Luiza Conceição Gonçalves ◽  
Gabriela Lima Travassos ◽  
Ana Maria de Almeida ◽  
Alzira Maria D’Ávila Nery Guimarães ◽  
Cristiane Franca Lisboa Gois
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Trajectory Of Care

Identifying the barriers in the access to health care to breast cancer perceived by women undergoing chemotherapy.Method: An exploratory descriptive study. The sample consisted of 58 women with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy and registered in the public oncology ambulatory of Aracaju-Sergipe. Data collection was carried out between October 2011 and March 2012 by semistructured interviews, and data were processed using the SPSS, version 17.Results: Among the interviewed women, 37 (63.8%) reported at least a barrier in the trajectory of care for breast cancer. The organizational and health services barriers were the most reported in the periods of investigation and treatment of breast cancer.Conclusion: In face of these findings, the barriers should be considered in public health policies and programs for the control of breast cancer in Sergipe.



Who Supports U.S. Veterans and Who Exaggerates Their Support?

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith Kleykamp ◽  
Crosby Hipes ◽  
Alair MacLean
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Veterans Health ◽  
Market Returns ◽  
The Public ◽  
Demographic Group ◽  
List Experiment ◽  
Levels Of Support

Support for U.S. military personnel appears high, but does it extend to veterans after service ends? This study evaluates public support for social engagement with veterans and spending on recent military veterans’ health care and estimates the extent of socially desirable reporting on these forms of support. It uses a list experiment to identify the extent of socially desirable reporting on topics. Findings demonstrate that the public offers overwhelming support for spending on veterans’ health care and social engagement with the group, but they somewhat overstate this support. Support differs by age, race, and political ideology, and social desirability bias varies by race, political ideology, and prior military experience. African Americans express the lowest levels of support for returning veterans and the greatest extent of socially desirable reporting on that support. This is despite generally high rates of service and greater labor market returns to that service among this demographic group.

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