scholarly journals Haemato-immunological responses and effectiveness of feed-based bivalent vaccine against Streptococcus iniae and Aeromonas hydrophila infections in hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus × O. niloticus)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Shirajum Monir ◽  
Md Sabri bin Mohd Yusoff ◽  
Zarirah binti Mohamed Zulperi ◽  
Hasliza binti Abu Hassim ◽  
Aslah Mohamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Streptococcus Iniae ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Bivalent Vaccine ◽  
Red Tilapia ◽  
Immunological Responses

Abstract Background Streptococcosis and Motile Aeromonad Septicemia (MAS) are important diseases of tilapia, Oreochromis spp. and causes huge economic losses in aquaculture globally. The feed-based vaccination may be an alternative to minimize major infectious diseases in tilapia. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the haemato-immunological responses and effectiveness of a newly developed feed-based killed bivalent vaccine against Streptococcus iniae and Aeromonas hydrophila in hybrid red tilapia. A total of 495 hybrid red tilapia of 61.23±4.95 g were distributed into 5 groups (each with triplicate). The fish were immunized orally through bivalent (combined S. iniae and A. hydrophila ) spray vaccine (BS group), bivalent formulate vaccine (BF group), monovalent S. iniae vaccine (MS group), monovalent A. hydrophila vaccine (MA group) and unvaccinated as a control group. The vaccine was orally administered on days 0, 14 and 42 applied feed-based bacterin at 5% body weight. The blood and spleen samples were collected from all groups on 7, 21 and 49 days post-vaccination, and also 96 hours post-infection to assess their haemato-immune responses. Results Compared with the unvaccinated group, leukocyte, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes counts in vaccinated groups were significantly ( P < 0.05) increased on 21, 49 days post-vaccination and also 96 hours post-infection, while erythrocytes, haemoglobin and haematocrit in vaccinated groups were significantly ( P < 0.05) enhanced only 96 hours post-infection. Additionally, the lysozyme and phagocytic activity and, serum antibody (IgM) were significantly higher ( P < 0.05) against S. iniae and A. hydrophila in vaccinated groups compared to the unvaccinated group in the pre- and post-infection. Results from the challenge through co-infection with S. iniae and A. hydrophila showed the relative percent survival (RPS) in BF group was 76.37±5.14%, which had the capacity to induce significant protection ( P < 0.05) compared to others groups. Conclusions This study demonstrates the bivalent formulate (BF) group could elicit significant non-specific and specific immunological responses with higher protection in hybrid red tilapia. In addition, this newly developed feed-based bivalent vaccination can be a promising technique for effective and large scale fish immunization in the aquaculture industry.

scholarly journals Haemato-immunological responses and effectiveness of feed-based bivalent vaccine against Streptococcus iniae and Aeromonas hydrophila infections in hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Shirajum Monir ◽  
Md Sabri bin Mohd Yusoff ◽  
Zarirah binti Mohamed Zulperi ◽  
Hasliza binti Abu Hassim ◽  
Aslah Mohamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Streptococcus Iniae ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Bivalent Vaccine ◽  
Red Tilapia ◽  
Immunological Responses

Abstract Background Streptococcosis and Motile Aeromonad Septicemia (MAS) are important diseases of tilapia, Oreochromis spp. and causes huge economic losses in aquaculture globally. The feed-based vaccination may be an alternative to minimize major infectious diseases in tilapia. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the haemato-immunological responses and effectiveness of a newly developed feed-based killed bivalent vaccine against Streptococcus iniae and Aeromonas hydrophila in hybrid red tilapia. A total of 495 hybrid red tilapia of 61.23±4.95 g were distributed into 5 groups (each with triplicate). The fish were immunized orally through bivalent (combined S. iniae and A. hydrophila ) spray vaccine (BS group), bivalent formulate vaccine (BF group), monovalent S. iniae vaccine (MS group), monovalent A. hydrophila vaccine (MA group) and unvaccinated as a control group. The vaccine was orally administered on days 0, 14 and 42 applied feed-based bacterin at 5% body weight. The blood and spleen samples were collected from all groups on 7, 21 and 49 days post-vaccination, and also 96 hours post-infection to assess their haemato-immune responses. Results Compared with the unvaccinated group, leukocyte, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes counts in vaccinated groups were significantly ( P < 0.05) increased on 21, 49 days post-vaccination and also 96 hours post-infection, while erythrocytes, haemoglobin and haematocrit in vaccinated groups were significantly ( P < 0.05) enhanced only 96 hours post-infection. Additionally, the lysozyme and phagocytic activity and, serum antibody (IgM) were significantly higher ( P < 0.05) against S. iniae and A. hydrophila in vaccinated groups compared to the unvaccinated group in the pre- and post-infection. Results from the challenge through co-infection with S. iniae and A. hydrophila showed the relative percent survival (RPS) in BF group was 76.37±5.14%, which had the capacity to induce significant protection ( P < 0.05) compared to others groups. Conclusions This study demonstrates the bivalent formulate (BF) group could elicit significant non-specific and specific immunological responses with higher protection in hybrid red tilapia. In addition, this newly developed feed-based bivalent vaccination can be a promising technique for effective and large scale fish immunization in the aquaculture industry.

scholarly journals Haemato-immunological responses and effectiveness of feed-based bivalent vaccine against Streptococcus iniae and Aeromonas hydrophila infections in hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus × O. niloticus)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Shirajum Monir ◽  
Md Sabri bin Mohd Yusoff ◽  
Zarirah binti Mohamed Zulperi ◽  
Hasliza binti Abu Hassim ◽  
Aslah Mohamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Streptococcus Iniae ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Bivalent Vaccine ◽  
Red Tilapia ◽  
Immunological Responses

Abstract Background: Streptococcosis and Motile Aeromonad Septicemia (MAS) are important diseases of tilapia, Oreochromis spp. and causes huge economic losses in aquaculture globally. The feed-based vaccination may be an alternative to minimize major infectious diseases in tilapia. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the haemato-immunological responses and effectiveness of a newly developed feed-based killed bivalent vaccine against Streptococcus iniae and Aeromonas hydrophila in hybrid red tilapia. A total of 495 hybrid red tilapia of 61.23±4.95 g were distributed into 5 groups (each with triplicate). The fish were immunized orally through bivalent (combined S. iniae and A. hydrophila) spray vaccine (BS group), bivalent formulate vaccine (BF group), monovalent S. iniae vaccine (MS group), monovalent A. hydrophila vaccine (MA group) and unvaccinated as a control group. The vaccine was orally administered on days 0, 14 and 42 applied feed-based bacterin at 5% body weight. The blood and spleen samples were collected from all groups on 7, 21 and 49 days post-vaccination, and also 96 hours post-infection to assess their haemato-immune responses. Results: Compared with the unvaccinated group, leukocyte, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes counts in vaccinated groups were significantly (P < 0.05) increased on 21, 49 days post-vaccination and also 96 hours post-infection, while erythrocytes, haemoglobin and haematocrit in vaccinated groups were significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced only 96 hours post-infection. Additionally, the lysozyme and phagocytic activity and, serum antibody (IgM) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) against S. iniae and A. hydrophila in vaccinated groups compared to the unvaccinated group in the pre- and post-infection. Results from the challenge through co-infection with S. iniae and A. hydrophila showed the relative percent survival (RPS) in BF group was 76.67±4.71%, which had the capacity to induce significant protection (P < 0.05) compared to others groups. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the bivalent formulate (BF) group could elicit significant non-specific and specific immunological responses with higher protection in hybrid red tilapia. In addition, this newly developed feed-based bivalent vaccination can be a promising technique for effective and large scale fish immunization in the aquaculture industry.

scholarly journals Haemato-immunological responses and effectiveness of feed-based bivalent vaccine against Streptococcus iniae and Aeromonas hydrophila infections in hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus × O. niloticus)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Shirajum Monir ◽  
Md Sabri bin Mohd Yusoff ◽  
Zarirah binti Mohamed Zulperi ◽  
Hasliza binti Abu Hassim ◽  
Aslah Mohamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Streptococcus Iniae ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Bivalent Vaccine ◽  
Red Tilapia ◽  
Immunological Responses

Abstract Background: Streptococcosis and Motile Aeromonad Septicemia (MAS) are important diseases of tilapia, Oreochromis spp. and causes huge economic losses in aquaculture globally. The feed-based vaccination may be an alternative to minimize major infectious diseases in tilapia. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the haemato-immunological responses and effectiveness of a newly developed feed-based killed bivalent vaccine against Streptococcus iniae and Aeromonas hydrophila in hybrid red tilapia. A total of 495 hybrid red tilapia of 61.23±4.95 g were distributed into 5 groups (each with triplicate). The fish were immunized orally through bivalent (combined S. iniae and A. hydrophila) spray vaccine (BS group), bivalent formulate vaccine (BF group), monovalent S. iniae vaccine (MS group), monovalent A. hydrophila vaccine (MA group) and unvaccinated as a control group. The vaccine was orally administered on days 0, 14 and 42 applied feed-based bacterin at 5% body weight. The blood and spleen samples were collected from all groups on 7, 21 and 49 days post-vaccination, and also 96 hours post-infection to assess their haemato-immune responses. Results: Compared with the unvaccinated group, leukocyte, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes counts in vaccinated groups were significantly (P < 0.05) increased on 21, 49 days post-vaccination and also 96 hours post-infection, while erythrocytes, haemoglobin and haematocrit in vaccinated groups were significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced only 96 hours post-infection. Additionally, the lysozyme and phagocytic activity and, serum antibody (IgM) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) against S. iniae and A. hydrophila in vaccinated groups compared to the unvaccinated group in the pre- and post-infection. Results from the challenge through co-infection with S. iniae and A. hydrophila showed the relative percent survival (RPS) in BF group was 76.67±4.71%, which had the capacity to induce significant protection (P < 0.05) compared to others groups. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the bivalent formulate (BF) group could elicit significant non-specific and specific immunological responses with higher protection in hybrid red tilapia. In addition, this newly developed feed-based bivalent vaccination can be a promising technique for effective and large scale fish immunization in the aquaculture industry.

Immunological evidence of chemotherapeutic action of mebendazole against Ancylostoma ceylanicum (Looss, 1911) in hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus)

1985 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijayalaxmi R. Kamath ◽  
M. K. Bhopale ◽  
M. B. Bhide
Keyword(s):  
Untreated Control ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Mesocricetus Auratus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Ancylostoma Ceylanicum ◽  
Immunological Responses ◽  
Indirect Haemagglutination ◽  
Foot Pad ◽  
Observation Period

ABSTRACTThe immunological responses in hamsters during treatment with mebendazole against Ancylostoma ceylanicum are studied. Indirect haemagglutination (IHA) counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP), passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), foot pad swelling for immediate (ITH) and delayed (DTH) types of hypersensitivities were employed for measuring the responses. Serum antibody which was 1:32 before treatment increased to the maximim of 1:512 (control 1:128) on the 10th day and it declined subsequently. The CIEP test was positive for 10 days and then became negative. The PCA test was positive throughout the observation period both in the treated and untreated groups. Foot pad swelling for ITH and DTH responses were comparatively more prominent than in the untreated control up to the 20th day and then both decreased simultaneously. The immunological responses remained prominent for a longer period and decreased more slowly in the untreated control group.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Feed-Based Formalin-Killed Vaccine of Streptococcus iniae Stimulates the Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissues and Immune Response of Red Hybrid Tilapia

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hayat ◽  
Md Sabri Mohd Yusoff ◽  
Mohd Jamil Samad ◽  
Intan Shameha Abdul Razak ◽  
Ina Salwany Md Yasin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Streptococcus Iniae ◽  
Specific Antibody Response ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Oral Streptococcus ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Gut Lavage

Red hybrid tilapia were fed a formalin-killed oral Streptococcus iniae vaccine (FKV) in the present study was assessed. Three hundred Red hybrid tilapia 80 ± 10 g were divided into five groups (1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, and Cx), each consisting of 60 fish. Fish from Groups 1A, 1B, 2A, and 2B were fed with FKV over different periods of administration, while Group 2B was the only group of fish to receive an oral booster vaccination on day 14- and 21-days post-vaccination (dpv). Group Cx was fed with normal pellets containing no vaccine as a control group. At four weeks post-vaccination (wpv), all fish were experimentally infected with S. iniae. Groups 2A and 2B had the lowest level of mortalities following vaccination (45% and 30%, respectively) compared to Groups 1A and 1B (80% and 55%, respectively), while the level of mortalities in Group Cx was 100%. All vaccinated groups showed a significant increase in anti-S. iniae IgM levels (p < 0.05) in serum, mucus, and gut-lavage, while Group Cx did not (p > 0.05) and all fish in this group died by five weeks post-infection. In conclusion, fish fed with the S. iniae FKV had a greater level of protection against S. iniae, with increased specific antibody response to the vaccine and there was also evidence of GALT stimulation by the vaccine.

scholarly journals Immune Responses in Mice Immunized with Mastitis Multiple Vaccines Using Different Adjuvants

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Zhe Zhang ◽  
Xin-Pu Li ◽  
Feng Yang ◽  
Jin-Yin Luo ◽  
Xu-Rong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Aluminum Hydroxide ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antibody Concentration ◽  
Phagocytic Ability ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Spleen Index

Background: Bovine mastitis, a serious disease associated with both high incidence and significant economic losses, posing a major challenge to the global dairy industry. The development of vaccines for protection from new infections by mastitis pathogens is of considerable interest to the milk production industry. Vaccination is a common and easy strategy for the control of infectious diseases, and the adjuvants used in the formulation is a critical factor for vaccine efficacy improvement. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate three different adjuvants for their ability to enhance immune responses of mice that vaccinated with Bovine Mastitis Multiple Vaccine.Materials, Methods & Results: The thymus and spleen index, the phagocytic ability of macrophage and the serum antibody levels of mice were detected after vaccination, respectively. The results showed that the thymus index, spleen index, and the phagocytic ability of macrophage of mice in Aluminum group exhibited a significant higher level (P < 0.05) compared with those in the control groups. The difference of the serum antibody levels was significant (P < 0.05) between experimental groups and control group after vaccination. The serum antibody concentration of mice in FIA group was higher compared with other groups and had a longer duration. The antibody concentration of mice in France 206 oil group can not increase as fast as the antibody concentration of Aluminum group, but it can last a longer time at a high level. In conclusion, multiple vaccines mixed with three different adjuvants could enhance the immunity of mice and Freund’s incomplete adjuvant is the best choice for this vaccine.Discussion: Adjuvants play an important role in increasing the efficacy of a number of different vaccines. In this study, three kinds of adjuvants (Aluminum hydroxide, France 206 oil and FIA) were evaluated for their adjuvant effects for multiple vaccine of bovine mastitis in mice and aluminum hydroxide did best as the vaccine adjuvant from the results. Aluminum hydroxide is a universally accepted adjuvant for both human and veterinary vaccines. The goal of vaccination is to generate strong immune response providing protection against infection for a time. Different protective effects will usually obtained by different adjuvants even use same antigen. In this work, FIA, Alum and 206 oil were chosen as adjuvants for inactivated antigens of Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that there was a significantly higher antibody levels in vaccinated mice compared with those in control group. In addition, the mice in France 206 oil and FIA group performed a higher antibody levels and stronger immunity than mice in Aluminum hydroxide groups. These findings suggest that Freund’s incomplete adjuvant (FIA) would be the best candidate as the adjuvant for mastitis multiple vaccines investigated in this study.

scholarly journals Protective efficiency of an inactivated vaccine against Streptococcus iniae in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Uk Jeong ◽  
Dharaneedharan Subramanian ◽  
Jang Yeoung-Hwan ◽  
Dong-Hwi Kim ◽  
So-Hyun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Paralichthys Olivaceus ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Olive Flounder ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Streptococcus Iniae ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Protective Efficiency

Abstract Streptococcus iniae is a causative agent of hemorrhagic septicemia in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, in Korea, resulting in serious economic losses. As a preventive measure, M VAC INIAE (Mastuken, Japan) was prepared from the S. iniae F2K strain and tested against the SI-36 strain prevalent on flounder fish farms on Jeju Island, Korea. F2K had a serotype of 38 (−) and SI-36 38 (+). The vaccine recognized both serotypes. It showed a very high effective immune response against S. iniae; the challenge test using the S. iniae SI-36 strain resulted in a relative percent survival (RPS) of 85.7-87.0% 2 weeks after vaccination and 71.0-80.0% 6 months after vaccination. Field vaccination and clinical challenge tests were performed at local Jeju aquafarms with S. iniae SI-36. These showed significantly reduced cumulative mortality when compared to the control group with RPS rates that ranged between 71-80%. Hence, the present study suggests that this vaccine showed a significant immune response against S. iniae and could be applied in commercial aquafarms as a therapeutic agent against β-hemolytic streptococcosis in cultured P. olivaceus.

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