scholarly journals Risk factors for acute brucellosis in patients on the day of admission at selected hospitals of Abbottabad, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laiba Hassan ◽  
Shahzad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Family Doctors ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Animal Contact

Abstract Brucellosis is a neglected zoonotic disease of ruminants. It causes severe health problems in humans and significant economic loss. Only a limited number of studies have been conducted in Pakistan to determine the prevalence of human brucellosis and related risk factors. The objectives of the current cross-sectional study were to determine the prevalence of anti-Brucella antibodies in sera collected from symptomatic patients at three hospitals of Abbottabad using a commercial slide agglutination test (SAT) and to determine risk factors for brucellosis for these patients. Five hundred blood samples were collected. A questionnaire was filled in for each patient to obtain information on age, gender, living area, brucellosis associated symptoms, pregnancy and abortion history. A total of 13.6% (n=68) patients were found to be SAT positive and in 83.3% (n=57) of these samples Brucella DNA was detected by genus specific BCSP-31 gene using real time PCR. Statistical analysis was performed to determine odd ratios, risk ratios, 95% confidence intervals and P-values. The prevalence of anti-Brucella antibodies was reported to be higher in women (14.6%, n=44) than in man (12.1%, n=24). The age group of 25-50 years was found to be at higher risk for brucellosis (14.5%, n=50). Animal contact was reported as the main risk associated factor followed by consumption of raw animal products. Thirteen pregnant women (9.9%) were found brucellosis positive. Of these, 23.8% (n=5) had an abortion history. The present study reports a striking prevalence of brucellosis among patients including pregnant women at three hospitals of Abbottabad. These findings may foster strategies for controlling human brucellosis at household level, raising of awareness about brucellosis in hospital and family doctors and finally in setting up an eradication program in the dairy industry.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and Molecular Diagnosis of Brucellosis Among Patients at Selected Hospitals of Abbottabad, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laiba Hassan ◽  
Shahzad Ali ◽  
Muhammad Ali Syed ◽  
Asim Ali Shah ◽  
Shahid Ahmad Abbasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Family Doctors ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Background: Brucellosis is a neglected disease of ruminants with zoonotic potential. It causes severe health problems in humans and economic loss. Only a limited number of studies have been conducted in Pakistan to determine the prevalence of human brucellosis and related risk factors. The objectives of the current cross-sectional study were to determine prevalence of Brucella infection in sera collected from patients at three hospitals of Abbottabad. Risk factors were investigated. Methods: A total of 500 blood samples were collected. A questionnaire was filled in for each patient to obtain information on age, gender, living area, brucellosis associated symptoms, associated risk factors, pregnancy and abortion history. Serum agglutination test (SAT) was performed to detect antibodies against brucellae. A genus specific BCSP-31 gene RT-PCR was used to detect Brucella DNA in the sample. Statistical analysis was done to determine odd ratios, risk ratios, 95% confidence intervals and p values. Results: A total of 13.6% (n=68) patients were found to be SAT positive. DNA was found in 11.4% (n=57) samples. The prevalence of brucellosis was reported to be higher in women (14.6%, n=44) than in man (12.1%, n=24). The age group of 25-50 years was found to be at higher risk for brucellosis (14.5%, n=50). “Animal contact” was reported as the main risk factor followed by “consumption of raw animal products”. About 9.9% pregnant women (n=13) were found brucellosis positive. Of these 23.8% (n=5) had an abortion history. Conclusions: The present study reports a striking prevalence of brucellosis among patients including pregnant women at three hospitals of Abbottabad. These findings must foster strategies for controlling human brucellosis at household level, raising of awareness about brucellosis in hospital and family doctors and finally in setting up an eradication program in the dairy industry.

scholarly journals Occupational Exposure Assessment and Seroprevalence of Brucella Specific Antibodies Among Veterinarians in the Northern Palestine

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Alzuheir ◽  
Hamzeh Al Zabadi ◽  
Muhammed Abu Helal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
The Public ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: Brucellosis is one of the most popular zoonosis in the world caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Brucella. The disease is considered an occupational risk to persons dealing with animals and animal products. Brucellosis is endemic in livestock in Palestine. Yet, few studies investigated human brucellosis in Palestine. We aimed to estimate Brucella seropositivity among veterinary healthcare professionals in Northern Palestine, and to assess the associated risk factors.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in four governorates in the Northern West Bank (Jenin, Nablus, Qalqylia, and Tulkarm). A sample of 100 veterinarians was collected. Participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to assess risk factors. Blood samples were collected to be screened for the presence of anti-Brucella IgG using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).Results: The seroprevalence of Brucellosis by ELISA was 76%. Risk factors included working in the public sector, dealing with animals' vaccination, longer period of exposure, and advancing in age.Conclusions: Brucellosis is a high-risk occupational disease among veterinarians. Its prevalence rate among veterinary healthcare workers in the Northern West Bank, Palestine was very high compared to neighboring countries and internationally.

scholarly journals Associated Behavioral Risks in a Group of Women During Pregnancy from Mures District

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-240
Author(s):  
Ruţa Florina ◽  
Avram Călin ◽  
Voidăzan Septimiu ◽  
Rus Victoria ◽  
Georgescu Mihai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Community Intervention ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

Abstract Background. It is well-known that the exposure during pregnancy to lifestyle risk factors can affect thehealth both for the mother and the fetus. There are many risk factors for pregnancy, including: smoking, alcohol consumption, sedentary pattern, irregular daily meal serving plan, lack of knowledge regarding health prevention. The main objective of our study was to assess the practices, knowledge and attitudes towards lifestyle risk behaviors during pregnancy in a group of women from Tirgu-Mures area. Materials and methods. We used a cross-sectional study based on a questionnaire, assessingsmoking behavior and lifestyle patterns during pregnancy, on a group of 481 women from the urban area (58.84%), as well as from the rural area (41.16%) from Mures county. Results. In the study group, 190 women (39.5%) used to smoke before pregnancy; among which 37.36% continued to smoke even after they found out they are pregnant. In the group of pregnant women that continued to smoke during pregnancy, we have studied other behavioral factors related to lifestyle, identifying the following: 5,73% have been consuming alcohol weekly, 56.33% reduced greatly their physical activity level, 3.63% have been consuming at least 3 cups of coffee a day. During pregnancy, 12.72% did not have a regular, daily meal serving plan, and 67.26% was a little or not at all concerned about their eating habits. Only 30.9% from the smoking pregnant women group have received information from the family doctor (GP) regarding the risk factors of smoking habits, while 38.18% did not receive any information. Conclusions. Behavioral risk factors in pregnancy have to be followed closely by the HealthCare System in order to avoid complications for the mother and the child. The best way of accomplishing that is through an efficient community intervention.

scholarly journals Individual- and Household-Level Risk Factors Associated with Malaria in Mutasa District, Zimbabwe: A Serial Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mufaro Kanyangarara ◽  
Sungano Mharakurwa ◽  
Tamaki Kobayashi ◽  
Frank C. Curriero ◽  
Timothy Shields ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Detection of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM Antibodies and Associated Risk Factors during Pregnancy in Southwest Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Shahrzad Soltani ◽  
Ali Dalir Ghaffari ◽  
Mehdi Sagha Kahvaz ◽  
Mohamad Sabaghan ◽  
Marzieh Pashmforosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Southwest Iran

Background. This research was aimed at evaluating the seroprevalence of acute and chronic Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection in pregnant women and related risk factors in southwest Iran. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, eighty-eight pregnant women were included from October 2019 to December 2019. The presence of anti-T. gondii IgM and IgG antibodies was measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, a questionnaire consisting of demographic information was completed for each subject. Results. The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii infection was estimated to be 34.09% (30/88). Of these, 1 (1.13%) and 29 (32.95%) samples were found positive for IgM and IgG, respectively. Regarding the risk factors, the consumption of raw/undercooked meat ( P value = 0.007) and history of abortion ( P value = 0.017) were significantly associated with IgG seroprevalence in pregnant women. Conclusion. The results showed that the pregnant women of southwest Iran might be moderately exposed to T. gondii. Since the risk of acute T. gondii infection in this susceptible group is very important, regular screening tests to diagnose the infection are recommended before pregnancy.

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