scholarly journals Distinct Gut Microbiota Structure and Function of Children With Idiopathic Central and Peripheral Precocious Puberty

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congfu Huang ◽  
Haiying Liu ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
Yinhu Li ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Precocious Puberty ◽  
Central Precocious Puberty ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Endocrine Diseases ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Acid Producing Bacteria ◽  
Peripheral Precocious Puberty

Abstract BackgroundPrecocious puberty (PP) is one of the most common endocrine diseases in children, and the pathogenesis is currently unknown. Recent studies on the gut-brain axis have shown that there is a correlation between childhood endocrine diseases and the gut microbiota (GM). However, whether there is a correlation between children’s GM with different types of PP remains unclear.ResultsTo explore the GM characteristics of children with different types of PP, we recruited 27 idiopathic central precocious puberty children (ICPP group), 18 peripheral precocious puberty children (PPP group) and 23 healthy children of the same age (HC group). Their stool samples were subjected to 16S rDNA sequencing. In this study, we found that the OTUs numbers, the annotated genera and α-diversity of GM of ICPP and PPP group were all significantly higher than that in HC group (P < 0.05). The abundance of butyrate acid producing bacteria, such as Prevotella, Lachnospiracea incertae sedis, Roseburia, Ruminococcus and Alistipes, were significantly higher in ICPP and PPP group, while Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium were significantly higher in HC group. The GM symbiosis network showed that both Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium were negatively correlated with these butyrate-acid producing bacteria. The abundances of most significantly changed genera were gradually increased from HC to PPP, and to ICPP group, while only Bacteroides was gradually decreased. After the prediction of the metabolic pathways of the GM, cell motility, signal transduction and environmental adaptation were significantly enriched in the ICPP and PPP groups (P < 0.05), while the carbohydrate metabolism pathway were significantly decreased (P < 0.001). ConclusionsOverall, this study showed that the GM composition and functional pattern of children with ICPP and PPP are different from healthy children, and PPP may be a transitional stage between ICPP and HC children, which provide a theoretical basis for clinical intervention based on GM in the treatment of PP.

scholarly journals A Combined Analysis of Gut and Skin Microbiota in Infants with Food Allergy and Atopic Dermatitis: A Pilot Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1682
Author(s):  
Ewa Łoś-Rycharska ◽  
Marcin Gołębiewski ◽  
Marcin Sikora ◽  
Tomasz Grzybowski ◽  
Marta Gorzkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Food Allergy ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Skin Microbiota ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Α Diversity

The gut microbiota in patients with food allergy, and the skin microbiota in atopic dermatitis patients differ from those of healthy people. We hypothesize that relationships may exist between gut and skin microbiota in patients with allergies. The aim of this study was to determine the possible relationship between gut and skin microbiota in patients with allergies, hence simultaneous analysis of the two compartments of microbiota was performed in infants with and without allergic symptoms. Fifty-nine infants with food allergy and/or atopic dermatitis and 28 healthy children were enrolled in the study. The skin and gut microbiota were evaluated using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. No significant differences in the α-diversity of dermal or fecal microbiota were observed between allergic and non-allergic infants; however, a significant relationship was found between bacterial community structure and allergy phenotypes, especially in the fecal samples. Certain clinical conditions were associated with characteristic bacterial taxa in the skin and gut microbiota. Positive correlations were found between skin and fecal samples in the abundance of Gemella among allergic infants, and Lactobacillus and Bacteroides among healthy infants. Although infants with allergies and healthy infants demonstrate microbiota with similar α-diversity, some differences in β-diversity and bacterial species abundance can be seen, which may depend on the phenotype of the allergy. For some organisms, their abundance in skin and feces samples may be correlated, and these correlations might serve as indicators of the host’s allergic state.

Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Children with Relapsing Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoji Tsuji ◽  
Chikushi Suruda ◽  
Masaki Hashiyada ◽  
Takahisa Kimata ◽  
Sohsaku Yamanouchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Metagenomic Analysis ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cd4 Cells ◽  
Acid Producing Bacteria ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis

Background: While the etiology of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (idiopathic nephrotic syndrome [INS]; characterized by repeated relapses and comorbid allergic conditions) remains unknown, recent evidence suggests that dysfunction in regulatory T cells (Tregs) plays an important role in the development of INS as well as allergic diseases. We hypothesized that dysbiosis involving decreased butyric acid-producing gut microbiota leads to defective induction and differentiation of peripherally induced Tregs, resulting in INS relapse. Methods: Study subjects were 12 children with INS, 8 classified as relapsing (R group; median age: 3.0 years) and 4 as non-relapsing (NR group; median age: 4.3 years), and 11 healthy children (HC group; median age: 5.1 years) serving as normal controls. Measurement of microbiota was performed using 16S ribosomal RNA metagenomic analysis, and fecal butyric acid was measured using high performance liquid chromatography. Flow-cytometric analysis of Tregs and CD4-positive (CD4+) cells in peripheral blood was also performed. Results: Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiota using feces showed that the proportion of butyric acid-producing bacteria was significantly lower in R (median 6.36%) than HC (median 18.84%; p = 0.0013), but no different between NR (median 16.71%) and HC (p = 0.29). Fecal organic acid analysis revealed significantly lower butyric acid quantities in R than HC (medians: 0.48 vs. 0.99 mg/g, p = 0.042). Circulating Tregs as a proportion of CD4+ cells were decreased in 75% of R and NR. Conclusion: Pediatric relapsing INS patients show gut microbiota dysbiosis, characterized by a decreased proportion of butyric acid-producing bacteria and lower fecal butyric acid quantities, concomitant with reduced circulatory Tregs.

Effect of GnRHa 3.75 mg subcutaneously every 6 weeks on adult height in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (7-8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liang ◽  
Hong Wei ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Ling Hou ◽  
Jianling Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precocious Puberty ◽  
Adult Height ◽  
Recombinant Human Growth Hormone ◽  
Central Precocious Puberty ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Idiopathic Central Precocious Puberty ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Age Of Menarche

AbstractTo evaluate the long-term efficacy of triptorelin 3.75 mg subcutaneously every 6 weeks on the final height in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP).Forty females with ICPP received triptorelin 3.75 mg every 6 weeks subcutaneously in our hospital from 2002 to December 2010 and reached their final heights were enrolled. These patients were treated with triptorelin alone (group A, n=17) or triptorelin+recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) (group B, n=23). Height, weight, annual growth velocity (GV), sexual development, predicted adult height (PAH), and adverse effects were observed. Bone age (BA) and height standard deviation score (SDS) were monitored yearly.Final adult heights (FAHs) were 159.81±1.20 cm and 161.01±1.02 cm in group A vs. group B, which exceeded target height (THt) by 1.51±1.04 cm, 4.86±0.94 cm, respectively. The values of (FAH-THt), (FAH-PAH posttreatment) showed significant difference between the two groups (p<0.05). FAH was positively correlated with Ht SDS-BA at the end of treatment, THt, course of rhGH treatment, and age of menarche (r2=0.66). Body mass index (BMI) increased after treatment in group B. However, there was no significant tendency of increase compared with healthy children at the same age. Ages of menarche and time to menarche from discontinuation were 11.74±0.16 vs. 12.18±0.15 years and 17.41±1.69 vs. 14.71±1.04 months in two groups.The FAH was improved effectively by triptorelin 3.75 mg subcutaneously every 6 weeks, and more height gain could be achieved when rhGH was used concomitantly. BMI maintained steadily and ovarian function restored quickly after treatment discontinuation with the age of menarche similar to that of normal children. Neither significant side effect nor polycystic ovary syndrome was observed.

scholarly journals Central Precocious Puberty as a Complication of Therapy with Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and an Aromatase Inhibitor for Refractory Nephrotic Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sungeeta Agrawal ◽  
Robert Gensure ◽  
Lawrence Milner ◽  
Julie Nicoletta ◽  
Abdollah Sadeghi-Nejad
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Aromatase Inhibitor ◽  
Precocious Puberty ◽  
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Central Precocious Puberty ◽  
Adrenal Androgens ◽  
Refractory Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Peripheral Precocious Puberty

Glucocorticoids are typically prescribed for the treatment of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome of childhood. In selected patients with refractory focal segmental glomuerulosclerosis (FSGS), adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) can be used to induce remission and decrease the progression of the disease. We report a 6 8/12-year-old girl with recurrent proteinuria, resistant to standard immunotherapy. She underwent related renal transplant but again developed proteinuria and was started on ACTH. She subsequently developed peripheral precocious puberty (PPP), presumably from peripheral aromatization of adrenal androgens. She was started on an aromatase inhibitor, and her ACTH dose was slowly decreased. She then developed central precocious puberty (CPP). We hypothesize that treatment of her peripheral precocious puberty with an aromatase inhibitor may have triggered central precocious puberty.

scholarly journals Precocious puberty: a clinical review

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 771
Author(s):  
Pallavee P. ◽  
Rupal Samal
Keyword(s):  
Precocious Puberty ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Central Precocious Puberty ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Gnrh Analogues ◽  
Premature Thelarche ◽  
Epiphyseal Fusion ◽  
Peripheral Precocious Puberty

Precocious puberty is defined as pubertal development occurring more than 2.5 standard deviations earlier than the average age. It may comprise of central or gonadotropin-dependent precocious puberty and peripheral or gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty. Variants of precocious puberty include premature thelarche, premature pubarche and isolated premature menarche which principally implies onset of menstruation without any other signs of sexual development. Precocious puberty may have long-term consequences including short stature later on in adulthood owing to premature epiphyseal fusion as also psychosocial problems. Evaluation includes a detailed history, physical examination, biochemical tests and imaging directed towards detecting the cause. Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) analogues are effective for treatment of central precocious puberty. Treatment of peripheral precocious puberty should be based on the cause. Isolated variants are usually normal but should be closely monitored. Multi-speciality consultation with involvement of pediatricians and enocrinologists may improve treatment outcomes in these children, who otherwise pose significant challenges to the gynaecologist.

scholarly journals Central Precocious Puberty as a Complication of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia in a Boy: Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-187
Author(s):  
Farzana Sharmin ◽  
Suraiya Begum ◽  
Ismat Jahan ◽  
Tawhid Alam ◽  
Dhiraj Chandra Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Precocious Puberty ◽  
Central Precocious Puberty ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Peripheral Precocious Puberty

Precocious puberty has intense influence on physical and psychosocial well-being of affected children and raises a lot of concerns as well as uncertainties in family.Here,we report a case of Central precocious puberty (CPP)superimposed on peripheral precocious puberty (PPP) due to congenital adrenal hyperplasia(CAH). Bangladesh J Child Health 2020; VOL 44 (3) :184-187

scholarly journals The study of the pathogenesis of idiopathic central precocious puberty based on gut microbiota

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congfu Huang ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
Junru Chen ◽  
Zhenyu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Precocious Puberty ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Central Precocious Puberty ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Group ◽  
Idiopathic Central Precocious Puberty

Abstract Object To analyze the correlation between gut microbiota (GM) and hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance, carbohydrate metabolism, and explore whether the pathogenesis of idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is consistent based on GM. Methods In this study, we have recruited 27 ICPP (ICPP group) and 23 healthy children (healthy group), and collected the blood and fecal samples from the participants. Blood samples were tested for hormones, including the follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, prolactin, and testosterone. DNA was extracted from fecal samples, and amplified and sequenced with 16S rDNA V3-V4 region. Finally, we annotated the sequencing results, counted the differences in hormone indicators and GM composition between the two groups, and analyzed the correlation with clinical indicators. At the same time, we reviewed the literature on GM and PCOS. Results Compared with the healthy group, the ICPP group exhibited significantly higher levels of the hormone and other indicators (P < 0.05). At the phylum level, the ICPP group showed significantly enriched Proteobacteria than the healthy group (4.85% vs 2.92%). At the genus level, the abundances of Roseburia and Prevotella were significantly higher in the ICPP group than those in the healthy group (7.55% vs 2.01%, 3.95% vs 0.19%), but Bacteroides were obviously decreased in the ICPP group (29.96% vs 44.91%). In addition, the potential associations underlying the sex hormonal secretion and the carbohydrate metabolism pathways of GM increased significantly in the ICPP group. Conclusion The alternations of GM in ICPP patients are closely related to carbohydrate metabolism, hyperandrogenism, and insulin resistance, indicating similar pathogenesis with polycystic ovary syndrome.

scholarly journals Precocious puberty: diagnosis and management

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
Nusrat Sultana ◽  
Faria Afsana ◽  
Nazma Akhtar ◽  
Yasmin Aktar ◽  
Mohammad Feroz Amin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precocious Puberty ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Central Precocious Puberty ◽  
Gnrh Analogues ◽  
Premature Thelarche ◽  
Psychosocial Wellbeing ◽  
Epiphyseal Fusion ◽  
Final Stature ◽  
Biochemical Testing ◽  
Peripheral Precocious Puberty

Precocious puberty is commonly defined as puberty that starts before age 8 years in girls and 9 years in boys. The causes of it may range from a variant of normal development to various pathologic conditions. The etiology of precocious puberty is classified by the underlying pathogenesis into gonadotropin dependent central precocious puberty and peripheral precocious puberty which is independent of gonadotropin but due to different other causes. Variants of precocious puberty include premature thelarche, premature puberche and isolated premature menarche which imply onset of isolated changes without any other signs of sexual development. Precocious puberty might have an impact on final stature owing to premature epiphyseal fusion and also it has got influence on psychosocial wellbeing. Evaluation includes a detailed history, physical examination, biochemical testing and imaging directed towards suspected etiology. Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues are effective for treatment of central precocious puberty. Treatment of peripheral precocious puberty should be based on the specific cause. Pubertal variants are usually non-progressive and need no treatment but should be monitored carefully. BIRDEM Med J 2022; 12(1): 62-69

scholarly journals The study of the pathogenesis of idiopathic central precocious puberty based on gut microbiota

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congfu Huang ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
Junru Chen ◽  
Zhenyu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Precocious Puberty ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Central Precocious Puberty ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Group ◽  
Idiopathic Central Precocious Puberty

Abstract Object To analyze the correlation between gut microbiota (GM) and hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance, carbohydrate metabolism, and explore whether the pathogenesis of idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is consistent based on GM. Methods In this study, we have recruited 27 ICPP (ICPP group) and 23 healthy children (healthy group), and collected the blood and fecal samples from the participants. Blood samples were tested for hormones, including the follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, prolactin, and testosterone. DNA was extracted from fecal samples, and amplified and sequenced with 16S rDNA V3-V4 region. Finally, we annotated the sequencing results, counted the differences in hormone indicators and GM composition between the two groups, and analyzed the correlation with clinical indicators. At the same time, we reviewed the literature on GM and PCOS. Results Compared with the healthy group, the ICPP group exhibited significantly higher levels of the hormone and other indicators (P < 0.05). At the phylum level, the ICPP group showed significantly enriched Proteobacteria than the healthy group (4.85% vs 2.92%). At the genus level, the abundances of Roseburia and Prevotella were significantly higher in the ICPP group than those in the healthy group (7.55% vs 2.01%, 3.95% vs 0.19%), but Bacteroides were obviously decreased in the ICPP group (29.96% vs 44.91%). In addition, the potential associations underlying the sex hormonal secretion and the carbohydrate metabolism pathways of GM increased significantly in the ICPP group. Conclusion The alternations of GM in ICPP patients are closely related to carbohydrate metabolism, hyperandrogenism, and insulin resistance, indicating similar pathogenesis with polycystic ovary syndrome.

scholarly journals Gut Microbial Diversity in Female Patients With Invasive Mole and Choriocarcinoma and Its Differences Versus Healthy Controls

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Liu ◽  
Xue Pan ◽  
Hao Liu ◽  
Xiaoxin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Invasive Mole ◽  
Healthy Females

ObjectiveTo investigate variation in gut microbiome in female patients with invasive mole (IM) and choriocarcinoma (CC) and compare it with healthy controls.MethodsFecal microbiome of 12 female patients with IM, 9 female patients with CC, and 24 healthy females were analyzed based on 16s rDNA sequencing. Alpha (α) diversity was evaluated using Shannon diversity index and Pielou evenness index, while beta (β) diversity was assessed using principle coordinate analysis (PCoA) of unweighted Unifrac distances. The potential functional changes of microbiomes were predicted using Tax4Fun. The relative abundance of microbial taxa was compared using Welch’s t test. The role of varied gut microbiota was analyzed via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsThe α diversity and β diversity were significantly different between IM patients and controls, but not between CC patients and controls. In addition, the abundance of cancer-related genes was significantly increased in IM and CC patients. Notably, a total of 19 families and 39 genera were found to have significant differences in bacterial abundance. ROC analysis indicated that Prevotella_7 may be a potential biomarker among IM, CC, and controls.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that the diversity and composition of gut microbiota among IM patients, CC patients, and healthy females were significantly different, which provides rationale for using gut microbiota as diagnostic markers and treatment targets, as well as for further study of gut microbiota in gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN).

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