Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Children with Relapsing Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoji Tsuji ◽  
Chikushi Suruda ◽  
Masaki Hashiyada ◽  
Takahisa Kimata ◽  
Sohsaku Yamanouchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Metagenomic Analysis ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cd4 Cells ◽  
Acid Producing Bacteria ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis

Background: While the etiology of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (idiopathic nephrotic syndrome [INS]; characterized by repeated relapses and comorbid allergic conditions) remains unknown, recent evidence suggests that dysfunction in regulatory T cells (Tregs) plays an important role in the development of INS as well as allergic diseases. We hypothesized that dysbiosis involving decreased butyric acid-producing gut microbiota leads to defective induction and differentiation of peripherally induced Tregs, resulting in INS relapse. Methods: Study subjects were 12 children with INS, 8 classified as relapsing (R group; median age: 3.0 years) and 4 as non-relapsing (NR group; median age: 4.3 years), and 11 healthy children (HC group; median age: 5.1 years) serving as normal controls. Measurement of microbiota was performed using 16S ribosomal RNA metagenomic analysis, and fecal butyric acid was measured using high performance liquid chromatography. Flow-cytometric analysis of Tregs and CD4-positive (CD4+) cells in peripheral blood was also performed. Results: Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiota using feces showed that the proportion of butyric acid-producing bacteria was significantly lower in R (median 6.36%) than HC (median 18.84%; p = 0.0013), but no different between NR (median 16.71%) and HC (p = 0.29). Fecal organic acid analysis revealed significantly lower butyric acid quantities in R than HC (medians: 0.48 vs. 0.99 mg/g, p = 0.042). Circulating Tregs as a proportion of CD4+ cells were decreased in 75% of R and NR. Conclusion: Pediatric relapsing INS patients show gut microbiota dysbiosis, characterized by a decreased proportion of butyric acid-producing bacteria and lower fecal butyric acid quantities, concomitant with reduced circulatory Tregs.

Decreased butyric acid‐producing bacteria in gut microbiota of children with egg allergy

Allergy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Yamagishi ◽  
Shohei Akagawa ◽  
Yuko Akagawa ◽  
Yoko Nakai ◽  
Sohsaku Yamanouchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Egg Allergy ◽  
Acid Producing Bacteria

Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children: role of regulatory T cells and gut microbiota

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoji Tsuji ◽  
Shohei Akagawa ◽  
Yuko Akagawa ◽  
Tadashi Yamaguchi ◽  
Jiro Kino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

scholarly journals Evolution of Gut Microbiome and Metabolome in Suspected Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2278
Author(s):  
Camille Brehin ◽  
Damien Dubois ◽  
Odile Dicky ◽  
Sophie Breinig ◽  
Eric Oswald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
The Third ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis ◽  
Control Study

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating condition in preterm infants due to multiple factors, including gut microbiota dysbiosis. NEC development is poorly understood, due to the focus on severe NEC (NEC-2/3). Methods: We studied the gut microbiota, microbiome and metabolome of children with suspected NEC (NEC-1). Results: NEC-1 gut microbiota had a higher abundance of the Streptococcus (second 10-days of life) and Staphylococcus (third 10-days of life) species. NEC-1 children showed a microbiome evolution in the third 10-days of life being the most divergent, and were associated with a different metabolomic signature than in healthy children. The NEC-1 microbiome had increased glycosaminoglycan degradation and lysosome activity by the first 10-days of life, and was more sensitive to childbirth, low birth weight and gestational age, than healthy microbiome. NEC-1 fecal metabolome was more divergent by the second month of life. Conclusions: NEC-1 gut microbiota and microbiome modifications appear more distinguishable by the third 10-days of life, compared to healthy children. These data identify a precise window of time (i.e., the third 10-days of life) and provide microbial targets to fight/blunt NEC-1 progression.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Profile in Adult Patients with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Hanchang He ◽  
Minwa Lin ◽  
Lu You ◽  
Tongqing Chen ◽  
Zijie Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Fecal Microbiome ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Stool Samples

Background. Increasing evidences have reported gut microbiota dysbiosis in many diseases, including chronic kidney disease and pediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). There is lack evidence of intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in adults with INS, however. Here, we to address the association between the gut microbiome and INS. Methods. Stool samples of 35 adult INS patients and 35 healthy volunteers were collected. Total bacterial DNA was extracted, and the V4 regions of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene were sequenced. The fecal microbiome was analyzed using bioinformatics. The correlation analysis between altered taxa and clinical parameters was also included. Results. We found that microbial diversity in the gut was reduced in adult patients with INS. Acidobacteria, Negativicutes, Selenomonadales, Veillonellaceae, Clostridiaceae, Dialister, Rombousia, Ruminiclostridium, Lachnospira, Alloprevotella, Clostridium sensu stricto, Megamonas, and Phascolarctobacterium were significantly reduced, while Pasteurellales, Parabacteroides, Bilophila, Enterococcus, Eubacterium ventriosum, and Lachnoclostridium were markedly increased in patients with INS. In addition, Burkholderiales, Alcaligenaceae, and Barnesiella were negatively correlated with serum creatinine. Blood urea nitrogen levels were positively correlated with Christensenellaceae, Bacteroidales_S24.7, Ruminococcaceae, Ruminococcus, and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136, but were negatively correlated with Flavonifractor_plautii and Erysipelatoclostridium_ramosum. Enterobacteriales, Enterobacteriaceae, Porphyromonadaceae, Escherichia/Shigella, Parabacteroides, and Escherichia_coli were positively correlated with albumin. Proteinuria was positively correlated with Verrucomicrobia, Coriobacteriia, Thermoleophilia, Ignavibacteria, Coriobacteriales, Nitrosomonadales, Coriobacteriaceae, and Blautia, but was negatively correlated with Betaproteobacteria, Burkholderiales, and Alcaligenaceae. Conclusion. Our findings show compositional alterations of intestinal microbiota in adult patients with INS and correlations between significantly altered taxa and clinical parameters, which points out the direction for the development of new diagnostics and therapeutic approaches targeted intestinal microbiota.

scholarly journals A Pilot Correlation Study of Gut Microbiome between Children with Henoch-Schönlein Purpura and their Mothers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changying Zhao ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Junjie Yang ◽  
Jiaming Zhang ◽  
Xuemei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Schonlein Purpura ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Abstract Background: Vertical microbiome transmission from mothers plays an important role inchildren with the establishment and development of gutmicrobiome.Our previous study has found that gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with Henoch-Schönleinpurpura(HSP) in children,while it is unclear whether there is a correlation between the gut microbiome of the HSP children and their mothers. Methods: In this study, 50HSP child-mother pairs and 61 matched healthy child-mother pairs were enrolled and examined.Stool samples were collected for DNA extraction and 16S rRNA genesequencing, followed by analyses of the gut microbiota composition.Results: Significant differences were observed in the gut microbiome composition between HSP children and healthy children. Several unique biomarkers, such as Enterococcus, Fusobacterium,Veillonellaand Streptococcus were identified. A significant increase of the relative abundance of Prevotella and Megamonas were observed in HSP’s mothers (HSP-M) compared with mothers of the healthy children (H-M). HSP children’s gut microbiome is closely associated with that of their mothers, and the taxon of AcidaminococcusandRoseburiawere onlyfound in the gut microbiome of HSP children and their mothers (HSP-M+C).Conclusions: Our preliminary study revealed that the gut microbiome of HSP children are closely associated with that of their mothers, although children with HSP still possess unique bacterial biomarkers. Dysbiosis of the maternal gut microbiota may play a critical role in increasing the risk of HSP in children, which deserve further longitudinalinvestigations to uncover its mechanisms.

Evolution of Gut Microbiome and Metabolome during Stage 1 Necrotizing Enterocolitis: a Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Brehin ◽  
Damien Dubois ◽  
Odile Dicky ◽  
Sophie Breinig ◽  
Eric Oswald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
The Third ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Late Stages ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background : Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating condition of the preterm new-born due to multiple factors, including gut microbiota dysbiosis. Since NEC development is poorly understood due to main focus on late stages 2 and 3, we studied the gut microbiota and metabolome evolution of NEC at a very early onset. Results NEC-1 gut microbiota had a higher abundance of Streptococcus (second decade of life) and Staphylococcus (third decade of life) species. NEC-1 children showed a microbiome evolution in the third decade of life being the most divergent and associated to a different metabolomic signature than in healthy children. NEC-1 microbiome had increased glycosaminoglycan degradation and lysosome activity by the first decade of life and was more sensitive to factors such as childbirth, low birth weight and gestational age, than healthy microbiome. NEC-1 fecal metabolome was more divergent by the second month of life. Conclusions: The modifications of gut microbiota and microbiome during NEC-1 development appear more distinguishable by the third decade of life, when compared to healthy children. These data identify a precise window of time (i.e. third decade of life) and provide microbial targets to fight/blunt the progression of NEC by stage 1.

Role of gut microbiota in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children

2017 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 35-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazunari Kaneko ◽  
Shoji Tsuji ◽  
Takahisa Kimata
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

scholarly journals Clinical Significance of Probiotics for Children with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 365
Author(s):  
Tadashi Yamaguchi ◽  
Shoji Tsuji ◽  
Shohei Akagawa ◽  
Yuko Akagawa ◽  
Jiro Kino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Probiotic Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
To Receive

We previously reported that a decrease in butyrate-producing bacteria in the gut is a potential cause of regulatory T cell (Treg) abnormalities in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). Therefore, we hypothesized that administration of butyrate-producing bacteria might reduce INS relapse and the need for immunosuppressants in these patients. Twenty patients in remission from INS (median age 5.3 years, 15 boys) were enrolled in the study and assigned to receive either daily oral treatment with a preparation of 3 g Clostridium butyricum or no probiotic treatment. The number of relapses and requirement for immunosuppressive agents were compared between the two groups. In the probiotic treatment group, analyses of the gut microbiota and Treg measurements were also performed. Probiotic-treated patients experienced fewer INS relapses per year compared with non-probiotic-treated patients (p = 0.016). Further, administration of rituximab in the probiotic treatment group was significantly less frequent compared with the non-probiotic-treated group (p = 0.025). In the probiotic treatment group, analyses before and after probiotic treatment revealed the significant increases in the relative abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria (p = 0.017) and blood Treg counts (p = 0.0065). Thus, oral administration of butyrate-producing bacteria during INS remission may reduce the frequency of relapse and the need for immunosuppressive agents.

Physical development and idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-89
Author(s):  
O. A. Zhdanova ◽  
T. L. Nastausheva ◽  
G. A. Batischeva ◽  
A. P. Savchenko ◽  
E. V. Stenshinskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Steroid Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome

INTRODUCTION. Study of physical development (PD) of children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) includes mainly assessment of body height and weight during corticosteroid (CS) therapy; specifics of these criteria before and after the treatment are not sufficiently studied. THE AIM: to study PD of children with INS debut during CS therapy and upon its completion.PATIENTS AND METHODS. A retrospective analysis of PD was performed in 89 patients with INS in Voronezh Regional Children's Clinical Hospital No.1 during 1998-2014 using method of Z-score of body height and weight in comparison with regional standards.RESULTS. At the INS debut body height of 38.2% of the children and body weight of 41.2% accordingly were less than those of healthy children, p<0.001. Children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) had no difference in body height Z-score during CS therapy (0.17±1.06) and upon its completion (0.28±1.22), p=0.794. Body height was less in steroiddependent patients (SDNS) compared to SSNS patients. Z-score body weight values in children with SSNS were higher during maximum doses of CS (0.94±1.59) and returned to previous values after the therapy (-0.24±1.33), р=0,040. Patients with a frequent relapsing SSNS and SDNS had overweight and obesity remained after prednisone treatment (p=0.009).CONCLUSION. Physical development of children with INS has differences associated with CS therapy. Since body height and weight of children with INS were different from the norms before CS therapy, this could be influenced by genetic factors, which to be studied further. The results can be used to prognose CS therapy influence on PD of patients and assess prognosis of INS.

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