Colostrum Avoidance Practice among primigavida Mothers in Urban Northwest Ethiopia. A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilksew Ayalew ◽  
Eden Asmare
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Childhood Illnesses ◽  
Complete Form ◽  
Strength Of Association

Abstract Background: Breast milk is the ideal and complete form of nutrition for infants colostrum contains all the necessary nutrients for infants’ growth and development and antibodies that can protect from many childhood illnesses. Understanding the extent of and barriers to colostrum avoidance in Ethiopia is important for learning how to best improve optimal breastfeeding. No single study has been conducted on primigavida mothers in the country. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the rate of colostrum avoidance practice and associated factors among primigavida mothers Method: A community- based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2016 among (n=398) randomly selected primigavida mothers in Bahir Dar city, northwest Ethiopia. Data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version25. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to measure the strength of association. Statistical significance was declared at P-value ≤0.05.Results: Out of 398 primipara mothers, 8.8% discarded colostrum. The most common reasons for discarding colostrum were; yellow and creamy (39.2%), bad for infant (35.2%), traditional/cultural reason (17.1%) and infant unable to feed (8.5%).Married mothers (OR=4.52, p<0.05), employed mothers (OR=3.46, p<0.05), mothers underwent normal delivery (OR=5.20, p<0.05) and mothers who initiated breastfeeding within 1 hr. (OR=2.79, p=0.05) were less likely to discard colostrum.Conclusion: The current study revealed that colostrum was discarded by 8.8 % of premiparious mothers. Primipara mothers who were married, unemployed, underwent normal delivery and initiated breastfeeding within one hour were less likely to discard colostrum. These results suggest that multi-sectorial and multi-disciplinary approaches are needed to increase optimal breastfeeding among premiparious mothers.

scholarly journals Colostrum avoidance practice among primipara mothers in urban Northwest Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilksew Ayalew ◽  
Eden Asmare
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Childhood Illnesses ◽  
Complete Form ◽  
Strength Of Association

Abstract Background Breast milk is the ideal and complete form of nutrition for infants colostrum contains all the necessary nutrients for infants’ growth and development and antibodies that can protect from many childhood illnesses. Understanding the extent of and barriers to colostrum avoidance in Ethiopia is important for learning how to best improve optimal breastfeeding. No single study has been conducted on primigavida mothers in the country. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the rate of colostrum avoidance practice and associated factors among primigavida mothers. Method A community- based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2016 among (n = 398) randomly selected primigavida mothers in Bahir Dar city, northwest Ethiopia. Data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version25. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to measure the strength of association. Statistical significance was declared at P-value ≤0.05. Results Out of 398 primipara mothers, 8.8% discarded colostrum. The most common reasons for discarding colostrum were; yellow and creamy (39.2%), bad for infant (35.2%), traditional/cultural reason (17.1%) and infant unable to feed (8.5%). Married mothers (AOR = 4.52, 95%CI: 1.13, 18.16), unemployed mothers (AOR = 3.46, 95%CI: 1.15, 10.51), mothers underwent normal delivery (AOR = 5.20, 95%CI: 1.87, 20.90) and mothers who initiated breastfeeding within 1 h (AOR = 2.79, 95%CI: 0.96, 8.16) were less likely to discard colostrum. Conclusion The current study revealed that colostrum was discarded by 8.8% of primipara mothers. Primipara mothers who were married, unemployed, underwent normal delivery and initiated breastfeeding within 1 h were less likely to discard colostrum. These results suggest that multi-sectorial and multi-disciplinary approaches are needed to decrease colostrum avoidance among primipara mothers in Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Low prevalence of active trachoma and associated factors among children aged 1–9 years in rural communities of Metema District, Northwest Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kessete Ayelgn ◽  
Tadesse Guadu ◽  
Atalay Getachew
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Active Trachoma ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Trachoma is an infectious disease of the eye caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and transmitted via contact with eye discharge from infected persons and leading to blindness worldwide. Children less than 9 years of age affected more seriously. The disease is common where access to water and sanitation are limited. Objective To determine the prevalence of active trachoma and associated factors among children aged 1–9 years in rural communities of Metema District, West Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Method A community based cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from 792 children aged 1–9 years old in Metema district from April to May 2018. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Pretested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and eye examination using binocular loupe to differentiate trachoma cases was the data collection methods and tools. The bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression model was employed for analysis. P-value < 0.05 was considered to declare statistical significance. Results A total of 752 children aged l-9 years were enrolled in this study with response rate of 94.9%. The overall prevalence of active trachoma among the study participants was 11.8% (95% CI, 9.5–13.9). Unprotected source of water (AOR = 4.7; 95% CI: 2.5–8.9), lower household water consumption (AOR = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.3–6.0), improper latrine utilization (AOR = 3.2; 95% CI: 1.5–6.7), and frequency of face washing once per day (AOR = 5.3; 95% CI: 1.2–26.6) were the factors significantly associated with active trachoma. Conclusion The current study revealed a lower overall prevalence of active trachoma (11.8%) than the WHO threshold prevalence (20%) used to declare it as a severe public health problem. All residents and health professional should collaborate on trachoma prevention by implementing the WHO SAFE strategy- surgery for trichiasis, antibiotics, facial cleanliness and environmental improvement for further trachoma elimination.

scholarly journals Effect of attending pregnant women’s conference on institutional delivery, Northwest Ethiopia: comparative cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melash Belachew Asresie ◽  
Gizachew Worku Dagnew
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Delivery ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Danger Signs

Abstract Background Institutional delivery is the cornerstone reducing maternal mortality. Community-based behavioral change interventions are increasing institutional delivery in developing countries. Yet, there is a dearth of information on the effect of attending pregnant women’s conferences in improving institutional delivery in Ethiopian. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the effect of attending pregnant women’s conference on institutional delivery, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods Community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017 among 871 women who gave birth within the last 12 months (435: pregnant women’s conference attendants and 436: pregnant women’s conference non-attendants). Participants were selected by using a multistage-simple random sampling technique and a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Both descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed using SPSS V.23. A P-value less than or equal to 0.05 at 95% confidence interval was set to test statistical significance. Results Institutional delivery among women who attended pregnant women’s conferences was 54.3%, higher compared with 39.9% of women who didn’t attend the conference. Likewise, the level of well-preparedness for birth was higher among women who attended the conference (38.9%) compared with their counterparts (25.7%). Being knowledgeable on childbirth (AOR = 1.7, 95%CI: 1.2, 2.8) and postpartum danger signs (AOR = 14.0, 95%CI: 4.6, 40.0), and discussed with partners/families about the place of birth (AOR = 7.7, 95%CI: 3.6, 16.4) were more likely to institutional delivery among women who attended pregnant women’s conference. Whereas, among women who didn’t attend the pregnant women’s conference, being knowledgeable about pregnancy danger signs (AOR = 3.6, 95%CI: 1.6, 8.1) were more likely to institutional delivery. In addition, the nearest health facility within 1 h of walking and well-preparedness for birth and its complication were found positively associated with institutional delivery in both groups. Conclusion Institutional delivery was low in both groups compared to the national plan, but was higher among women who attended the conference. Similarly, women’s knowledge of obstetric danger signs and preparation for birth and its complication was higher among women who attended the conference. Therefore, encouraging women to attend the pregnant women’s conference and discuss with their families about the place of delivery should be strengthened.

scholarly journals Perinatally acquired HIV-positive status disclosure and associated factors in Dire Dawa and Harar, Eastern Ethiopia: a health facility-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e019554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melkamu Merid Mengesha ◽  
Yadeta Dessie ◽  
Aklilu Abrham Roba
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Dire Dawa

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the level and factors associated with caregivers’ disclosure of perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV+) children’s seropositive status.DesignWe conducted a cross-sectional study in five public health facilities providing HIV treatment and care in Dire Dawa and Harar, Eastern Ethiopia. The data were collected from 310 caregivers through face-to-face interviews and record reviews. Data analyses were done using STATA V.14.2 and statistical significance was declared at p value <0.05.ResultsThe study revealed that the level of PHIV+ diagnosis disclosure was 49.4% (95% CI 43.8 to 54.9). Mean age at disclosure was 11.2 years. Disclosure level was higher among children who frequently asked about their health status (aOR (adjusted OR) 2.04, 95% CI 1.04 to 4.03) and when caregivers knew other people who had a disclosure experience (aOR 2.49, 95% CI 1.17 to 5.32). Disclosure level was less among children of 12 years or below (aOR 0.04, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.09) and among caregivers practising deception about the children’s HIV positive status (aOR 0.38, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.74).ConclusionOnly half of the caregivers disclosed their child’s PHIV+ diagnosis. To facilitate disclosure, caregivers should be counselled about the appropriate age of disclosure and related misconceptions that hinder it. It is also apparent that caregivers need to be guided as to how to address children’s frequent questions about their health status. These interventions can be made in a one-on-one approach or through patient group counselling when they come to get healthcare services.

scholarly journals Magnitude of optimal adherence and predictors for a low level of adherence among HIV/AIDS-infected adults in South Gondar zone, Northwest Ethiopia: a multifacility cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e056009
Author(s):  
Shimeles Biru Zewude ◽  
Tewodros Magegnet Ajebe
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Low Level ◽  
South Gondar ◽  
Hiv Aids

ObjectivesThis study aims to identify levels of adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) drugs and factors associated with them in Northwest Ethiopia. We hypothesise that in the era of COVID-19, there would be suboptimal adherence to ART drugs.DesignAn observational cross-sectional study was conducted. Factors associated with the level of adherence were selected for multiple logistic regressions at a p value of less than 0.2 in the analysis. Statistically significant associated factors were identified at a p value less than 0.05 and adjusted OR with a 95% CI.SettingThe study was conducted in one specialised hospital and three district hospitals found in the South Gondar zone, Northwest Ethiopia.ParticipantsAbout 432 people living with HIV/AIDS receiving highly active ART in South Gondar zone public hospitals and who have been on treatment for more than a 3-month period participated in the study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresLevels of adherence to ART drugs and their associated factors.ResultsAmong 432 study participants, 81.5% (95% CI: 78% to 85.2%) of participants were optimally adherent to ART drugs. Determinants of a low level of adherence: stigma or discrimination (OR=0.4, p=0.016), missed scheduled clinical visit (OR=0.45, p=0.034), being on tuberculosis treatment (OR=0.45, p=0.01), recent CD4 cell count less than 500 cells/mm3 (OR=0.3, p=0.023) and patients who had been on WHO clinical stage III at the time of ART initiation (OR=0.24, p=0.027) were factors significantly associated with adherence to ART drugs.ConclusionsLevel of adherence was relatively low compared with some local studies. The intervention targeted to reduce discrimination, counselling before initiation of treatment and awareness regarding compliance is advised to improve adherence to antiretroviral regimens.

scholarly journals Prevalence of depression and its association with parental neglect among adolescents at governmental high schools of Aksum town, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2019: A cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enguday Tirfeneh ◽  
Mengesha Srah
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental Neglect ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Abstract Background depression is one of the most serious and prevalent mental illnesses that can result in serious disability and ending life by committing suicide and homicide. The risks of having depression are substantially higher in persons who have parental neglect when compared to the general population.Objective To detect prevalence of depression and its association with parental neglect among adolescents in governmental high schools at Aksum town, Tigray, Ethiopia 2019Method A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1-30/2019 at Aksum town high schools. Public health questionnaire was used in this study to detect Depression. Study participants were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data was collected with face to face interview. Data was analyzed using statistical package for social science version 22. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to see the association between depression and parental neglect. Adjusted Odds ratio at a p-value <0.05 with 95% confidence interval was taken to declare statistical significance of variables.

scholarly journals Knowledge of prevention of COVID-19 among the general people in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study in Rajshahi district

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243410
Author(s):  
Md. Masud Rana ◽  
Md. Reazul Karim ◽  
Md. Abdul Wadood ◽  
Md. Mahbubul Kabir ◽  
Md. Mahidul Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government

Background Until now, no vaccine or effective drug is available for the control, prevention, and treatment of COVID-19. Preventive measures are the only ways to be protected from the disease and knowledge of the people about the preventive measures is a vital matter. Objectives The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge of the general people in Rajshahi district, Bangladesh regarding the COVID-19 preventive measures. Methodology This cross sectional study was conducted from March 10 to April 25, 2020. Data were collected with a semi-structured questionnaire from 436 adult respondents selected by using a mixed sampling technique. Frequency analysis, chi-square test, and logistic regression model were utilized in this study. SPSS (IBM, Version 22) was used for data analysis. 95% confidence interval and p-value = 0.05 were accepted for statistical significance. Results Only 21.6% of the respondents had good knowledge of the COVID-19 preventive measures. The highest 67.2% of them knew that washing hands with soap could prevent the disease, but contrarily, the highest 72.5% did not know that avoidance of touching mouth, nose, and eyes without washing hands was a preventive measure. Only 28.4% and 36.9% of the respondents knew that maintaining physical distancing and avoiding mass gatherings were measures of prevention of COVID-19 respectively. The younger age (≤25 years), low family income (≤15,000 Bangladeshi Taka (BDT), occupation others than business and service, and nuclear family had the lower odds of having no/less knowledge about the preventive measures. Conclusions The knowledge level of the general people regarding prevention of COVID-19 was alarmingly low in Bangladesh. The government of Bangladesh, health policy makers and donor agencies should consider the findings and take immediate steps for improving knowledge of the public about prevention of the disease.

scholarly journals Body Shape Dissatisfaction and Overweight Noesis among Polytechnic College students in Puducherry- A Cross Sectional Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishnu Prasad R ◽  
Kanimozhy K ◽  
Venkatachalam J ◽  
Madhanraj K ◽  
Zile Singh
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

The prevalence of obesity has doubled since 1980 worldwide. With the changing dietary and life style habits, overweight and obesity have become a threat globally. As on 2011, more than 40 million children worldwide are overweight and more than 30 million of them are living in developing countries. Body image perception of an individual plays a major role in determining the diet and lifestyle modification to alter their body shape.Materials and methods: The study was carried out among 1034 polytechnic college students in Puducherry aged 15-25 years as a cross sectional study. Stunkard’s visual figures scale was used to measure Body Shape Dissatisfaction.Statistical analysis: Chi-square test was used to test the statistical significance in difference between proportions, p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:The prevalence of Body Shape Dissatisfaction in our study subjects was found to be 62.2%. More female students wanted a thinner body shape while more male students wanted a bigger body shape than their current body shape. 45.3% of the students with normal BMI were satisfied with their current body shape, 26% of them wanted a bigger shape and 28.7% of the students wanted to have a thinner shape.Conclusions:The prevalence of BSD was considerably high in our study population. Body shape misconception might lead to unnecessary weight reduction measures and students tend to follow unhealthy methods for weight reduction. Proactive preventive measures could be initiated targeting towards weight management and dietary practices of college students.

scholarly journals Maternal Education and Acute Diarrhea Among Children Aged 2-5 Years In Pakistan: Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1944-1947
Author(s):  
Fatima Ehsan ◽  
Ayesha Ehsan ◽  
Wajahat Ullah Khan ◽  
Rizwan Masud ◽  
Hamad Hanif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Childhood Diarrhea ◽  
Cross Sectional

Childhood diarrheal disease is the second leading cause of death globally. All over the world, children below five years of age experience, on average, 3.2 episodes of diarrhea per year. Objectives: To explore an association of maternal education with childhood diarrhea in Pakistan. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Methodology: This study was conducted from Aug 2016 to Jan 2017 in Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Peshawar following approval from ethical review board. Total children under study were 363 aged 2 to 5 years, amid whom 121 were acute diarrhea cases and 242 were healthy controls leading to cases control ratio as 1:2. Data collection was done through semi structured questionnaire asked from mothers. Statistical analysis: Data was analyzed by SPSS software, version 22. To compare the association of maternal education with acute diarrhea, chi square test was applied at 5% level of significance. Statistical significance was taken at p value <0.05. Results: In present study, there was significant association between formal education of mothers and acute diarrhea with a highly statistically significant association (p < 0.001) observed showing increased proportion of childhood diarrhea, with increasing levels of education in mothers. Conclusion: We concluded that a significant increase in childhood diarrhea with higher levels of maternal education refutes the commonly observed finding. We need to further probe the underlying causes to minimize this high observed morbidity. Key Words: Maternal Education, Child Health and Safety and Acute Childhood Diarrhea

scholarly journals Distribution of risks and Factors Associated with Unscreened Hypertension among Adults Living in Rural of Dano District, West Shewa, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2020: Community-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firaol Regea
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Measuring Device

Abstract Background: Hypertension affects more than one quarter of adults worldwide and one in three peoples in developing countries. Although Hypertension is known to be a silent medical condition, there is limited information on the prevalence of unscreened hypertension and associated factors among rural dwellers in Ethiopia in general and Dano district in particular. Objective: To assess the prevalence of Unscreened hypertension and associated factors among adults living in the rural area of Dano district, West Shewa, Oromia, Ethiopia 2020.Methods and materials - A community-based cross-sectional study was employed. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 605 Adults from the rural community of Dano District from May 23 -July 5, 2020. Data were collected by trained BSc nurses and Public health officers. Standardized WHO STEPS survey tool was used to collect socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics of the participants. Standardized digital blood pressure device was used to measure Blood pressure. The mean score of three blood measurements was used to classify hypertension after intra-class correlation was tested. GmateTM blood glucose measuring device was used to measure blood sugar. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to identify factors independently associated with unscreened hypertension. Adjusted Odds Ratio with 95% CI was estimated to measure the strength of association. The level of statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05. The results presented by tables and figures. Result: The prevalence of Unscreened Hypertension was 14.6%, (95% CI: 11.95%, 17.4%). Being in age of 19-33 years[(AOR: 2.5,95%CI:( 1,6)], having family history of hypertension [AOR=3.1,95%CI:(1.23,7.77)],having other chronic disease [AOR=0.28,95%CI:(0.11, 0.72)], Participants’ health-seeking behaviour to hypertension[AOR=3.3,95%CI:(1.6,6.5)] and participants knowledge about hypertension[AOR=2.3,95%CI:(1.2,4.5)]were independently associated with unscreened Hypertension.Conclusion - The evidence from this study shows unscreened hypertension is prevalent among adults in the study area. Therefore, opportunistic screening of adults regardless of their age and health status is important.

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