scholarly journals Comparison of Intracoronary Versus Intravneous Tirofiban in Acute STEMI Patients Undergoing Primary PCI

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuying Tang ◽  
Runjun Li
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Primary Pci ◽  
Thrombus Aspiration ◽  
Acute Stemi ◽  
Timi Flow ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
And Control

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of intracoronary tirofiban compared to intravenously administered tirofiban in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI).Methods: This study included 180 patients who were admitted with the diagnosis of acute STEMI and undergoing primary PCI. Patients were randomized into an observation group (n = 90) and control group (n = 90). Both groups received typical treatments, such as aspirin and clopidogrel/ticagrelor. During the procedure, the observation and control groups were administered intracoronary (IC) or intravenous (IV) injections of tirofiban, respectively, followed by an intravenous infusion of tirofiban for 24 hours. Changes in thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grading, TIMI myocardial perfusion grade 3 (TMP grade 3), thrombus aspiration, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, creatine kinase peak and inflammatory factor levels, infarct size, resolution of the sum of ST‐segment elevation (Sum‐STR) two hours after the operation, and cardiac functional parameters were investigated before and/or after treatment and 6 months after discharge. The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and adverse reactions (AEs) such as bleeding were compared between the two groups.Results: There were no statistically significant differences observed in the indices of BNP, creatine kinase peak, cardiac functional parameters, thrombus aspiration, or incidence of bleeding between the two groups before treatment. Following treatment, TIMI flow grading and TMP grade 3 were improved in the observation group that received intracoronary tirofiban compared to the control group (p = 0.022 and p = 0.014, respectively). Additionally, the Sum‐umi two hours after operation in the observation group was better than that in the control group (p = 0.029). The incidence of MACEs in patients given IC tirofiban administration was lower than that in those given IV tirofiban (p = 0.012). Furthermore, levels of glutamic oxaloacetictransaminase (AST), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and myocardial troponin I (TNI) in the observation group was significantly decreased compared to the control group after five days of treatment (p = 0.039, p = 0.040, p = 0.001, and p = 0.041, respectively). Functional heart parameters including CO and LVEF were significantly improved in the observation group 6 months after discharge.Conclusion: This study found that IC administration of tirofiban in patients with STEMI who underwent PPCI improved TIMI, TMP flow and cardiac function including CO and LVEF 6 months after discharge, and reduced CRP, ESR, and TNI. However, the incidence of bleeding between the two groups was comparable. These findings suggest that IC administration should be applied in certain acute STEMI patients.

Effect of high dose statin preloading on TIMI flow in patients presenting with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Eletriby ◽  
A Desoky ◽  
N Shawky ◽  
A Farag
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Primary Pci ◽  
Timi Flow ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
St Elevation

Abstract Aim and objectives The aim of this study was to assess the impact of high intensity statins used prior to primary PCI in patients presenting with acute STEMI (ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction) on myocardial perfusion and in-hospital MACE (major adverse cardiac events). Patients and Methods The study included 170 patients who presented with acute STEMI to the cardiology department of Ain Shams university hospitals and underwent primary PCI (percutaneous coronary intervention). They were divided into two groups where the first group received high intensity statins (40-80mg of atorvastatin or 20-40mg of rosuvastatin) besides guideline recommended therapy before primary PCI and the 2nd group served as a control group and received guideline recommended therapy, and high intensity statins after going back to the coronary care unit after primary PCI. Post interventional thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade and myocardial blush grade (MBG) were recorded and ST-segment resolution was measured. Results The majority of patients in both groups had the LAD as the culprit vessel for their presentation. In the control group there were 4 patients with TIMI I flow and MBG I, 13 with TIMI II flow and MBG II and 68 with TIMI III flow and MBG III. Meanwhile in the cases group there was 1 patient with TIMI I flow and MBG I, 3 with TIMI II flow and MBG II and 81 with TIMI III flow and MBG III. This difference was statistically significant with a P value of 0.010. There were 34 patients in the cases group who showed complete ST-segment resolution (40%) vs 19 patients (22.4%) in the control group which was statistically significant with a P value of 0.013. In addition, ejection fraction measured by M-mode had values of Mean+-SD of 45.91 ± 5.49 in cases group vs 43.01 ± 8.80 in control group which was statistically significant with a P value of 0.011. There was not a statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding in-hospital death of all causes and stroke after primary PCI. Conclusion High intensity statin loading before primary PCI resulted in improved post-procedural TIMI flow, MBG, complete ST-segment resolution and ejection fraction as measured by M-mode but did not decrease incidence of in-hospital MACE.

Comparison between preoperative loading dose with Ticagrelor and Clopidogrel on myocardial perfusion during intervention in patients with STsegment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Sallam ◽  
E Fakhry ◽  
A El Mahmoudy ◽  
A El Etriby
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Myocardial Perfusion ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Loading Dose ◽  
Primary Pci ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Timi Flow Grade ◽  
Acute Stemi ◽  
Timi Flow

Abstract Aim and Objectives The aim of this study is to compare between clopidogrel and ticagrelor loading doses used prior to primary PCI in patients presenting with acute STEMI (ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction) on myocardial perfusion and in-hospital MACE (major adverse cardiac events). Patients and Methods The study included 170 patients who presented with acute STEMI to the cardiology department of Ain Shams university hospitals and underwent primary PCI. They were divided into 2 groups where the1st group 85 patients received clopidogrel loading dose (600mg) and the 2nd group 85 patients received ticagrelor loading dose (180mg). Post interventional thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade and myocardial blush grade (MBG) were recorded. Results The majority of patients in both groups had the LAD as the culprit vessel for their presentation (71.8% in the clopidogrel group and 50.6% in ticagrelor group). In the clopidogrel group there were 4 patients with TIMI I flow and MBG I, 13 with TIMI II flow and MBG II and 68 with TIMI III flow and MBG III. Meanwhile in the ticagrelor group there was 2 patients with TIMI I flow and MBG I, s with TIMI II flow and MBG II and 81 with TIMI III flow and MBG III. There was no statistical significance between the two groups regarding in-hospital death of all causes and stroke after primary PCI. Conclusion Ticagrelor loading before primary PCI resulted in improved TIMI flow, MBG but did not decrease incidence of in-hospital MACE.

scholarly journals Thrombus Aspiration Reduces Contrast Volume in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients with High Thrombus Burden

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao-Feng Chen ◽  
Liang-Qiu Tang ◽  
Min-Lie Liang ◽  
Yun Deng
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
St Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Baseline Characteristic ◽  
Primary Pci ◽  
Thrombus Aspiration ◽  
Clinical Events ◽  
Contrast Volume ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
Time Of Admission

Abstract BACKGROUD Due to the emergency nature of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), the estimation of the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is always limited and the hydration prior to primary percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) is difficult. Minimizing contrast volume (CV) might be the most desirable option for preventing the incidence of CIN in these patients. The improvement of myocardial perfusion due to thrombus aspiration (TA) may be accompanied by a reduction in CV.OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the effect of TA prior to angioplasty on CV in patients with STEMI.METHODS Consecutive 380 STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI with high thrombus burden (HTB) were randomly assigned to receive either TA before primary PCI (TA group, n = 190) or primary PCI alone (control group, n = 190). Serum creatinine was detected at the time of admission, and 48 and 72 hours after primary PCI.RESULTS Baseline characteristic were well matched. Although the CV in TA group was significantly lower than that in control group (71.5 ± 15.7 mL vs. 82.3 ± 17.5 mL, p = 0.000), the incidence of CIN was comparable (9.5% vs. 13.3%, p = 0.249). During hospitalization, no significant differences between groups was observed in major bleeding, urgent dialysis, stroke, reoperation after 72 hours, death after 72 hours and total incidence of adverse clinical events.CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated that TA reduces CV but not CIN or adverse clinical events during hospitalization in STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI with HTB.

scholarly journals Local Intracoronary Eptifibatide versus Mechanical Aspiration in Patients with Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Hamza ◽  
Ayman Galal ◽  
Salwa Suweilam ◽  
Mohamed Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Local Concentration ◽  
Primary Pci ◽  
Thrombus Aspiration ◽  
Timi Frame Count ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Timi Flow ◽  
Corrected Timi Frame Count ◽  
Thrombectomy Device ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
And Control

Objectives. We compared local delivery of intracoronary eptifibatide via perfusion catheter to thrombus aspiration in primary PCI.Background. Perfusion catheter increases local concentration of the drugs at the culprit site and prolongs their residency time.Methods. 75 patients with acute STEMI were randomized to three groups: 25 received local intracoronary eptifibatide and verapamil via perfusion catheter; 25 patients were managed by Diver CE thrombectomy device and 25 patients by primary PCI without thrombus aspiration. Primary end point was assessment of postprocedural TIMI flow, MPG, and corrected TIMI frame count (cTFC) in the culprit vessel.Results. Perfusion catheter was superior to thrombus aspiration and conventional PCI as regards MBG (68% versus 36% in Diver CE and 20% in the control arm;Pvalue = 0.002), with shorter cTFC rates than thrombectomy and control groups (20.76±4.44versus26.68±8.40and28.16±5.96,resp.;P=0.001). TIMI flow was not different between the 3 groups. Eptifibatide led to less time to peak CK (13.12 hours versus 16.5 and 19.5 hours, respectively,Pvalue = 0.001).Conclusion. Local intracoronary eptifibatide by perfusion catheter reduces thrombus burden with better results in microvascular perfusion assessed by cTFC and MBG compared to aspiration device or conventional PCI.

scholarly journals Impact of Thrombus Aspiration one-year Cardiac Mortality During Primary PCI in STEMI Patients with total Occlusion; from Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry National Institute of Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Kye Taek Ahn ◽  
Seok-Woo Seong ◽  
Mijoo Kim ◽  
Jin-Ok Jeong ◽  
Seon-Ah Jin
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Primary Pci ◽  
Thrombus Aspiration ◽  
Total Occlusion ◽  
End Point ◽  
Timi Flow ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
One Year

Background: The clinical impact of intracoronary thrombus aspiration (TA) during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is unclear. We investigated to evaluate whether TA during primary PCI reduces one-year mortality. Methods: From the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institute of Health, 3749 patients with STEMI who were undergoing primary PCI within 12 hours (60.8±12.9 years, 18.7% women) and shown pre-procedural Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow 0, 1 in coronary angiography were enrolled between November 2011 and November 2015 during one-year follow up. The patients were divided into two groups according to TA during primary PCI: PCI with TA (n=1630) and PCI alone (n=2119). The primary end-point was major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as the composite of cardiovascular death (CVD), stroke or recurrent MI at one-year. The secondary efficacy end-point were all-cause of mortality and CVD at one-year. Results: PCI with TA did not reduce the risk of MACE (OR: 0.598, 95% CI: 0.737-1.160, p=0.499), all-cause mortality (OR: 0.898, 95% CI: 0.705-1.144, p=0.383) and CVD (OR: 0.893, 95% CI: 0.683-1.168, p=0.408) in all patients during one-year follow up. The trend did not change after propensity score matching. In subgroup analysis, there was no efficacy of clinical outcome during one-year follow up. Conclusions: Primary PCI with TA did not reduce MACE and all-cause mortality among patients with STEMI and pre-procedural TIMI flow 0,1 during one-year follow up.

scholarly journals MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (03) ◽  
pp. 392-397
Author(s):  
Saeed Ahmed ◽  
Hina Zubair ◽  
Khawaja Abdul Hamid ◽  
Faisal Bashir ◽  
Muhammed Shahbaz Bakth Kayani
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Primary Pci ◽  
Acute Stemi ◽  
Timi Flow ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
Main Outcome Variable ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Procedural Success

Coronary artery disease is one of the major cause of mortality in the modernworld and will become the leading cause of death by 2020, percutaneous coronary interventionhas proven to be most efficient in STEMI to decrease the mortality. Objectives: This studywas designed to determine the procedural success of Primary PCI in patients with Acute STsegment elevation Myocardial infarction. Study Design: It was an observational study. Placeand Duration: Cardiology unit of P.I.M.S, Islamabad, conducted from 2nd November 2011 to2nd May 2012. Patients and Methods: This study included 43 patients with Acute STEMI. Allof them had primary PCI. The main outcome variable was frequency of procedural successdescribed as TIMI flow II or III, which was described as frequency distribution table. Results:Procedural success was achieved among all (100%) patients. Conclusions: The proceduralsuccess of primary PCI is high (almost successful in every case) and should be offered to thepatients with Acute STEMI whenever the facility is available.

scholarly journals Association of Hyperglycemia and Final TIMI Flow with One-Year Mortality of Patients with Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary PCI

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 182-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surya Dharma ◽  
Andi Mahavira ◽  
Nur Haryono ◽  
Renan Sukmawan ◽  
Iwan Dakota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Primary Pci ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Acute Stemi ◽  
Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Timi Flow ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Increased Risk

The association of hyperglycemia at admission and final thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow with 1-year mortality of patient with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not much been explored. We evaluated the association of hyperglycemia and final TIMI flow with 1-year mortality in patients with acute STEMI who underwent primary PCI.We retrospectively analyzed 856 patients with STEMI who underwent primary PCI in a tertiary care academic center between January 2014 and July 2016. Based on the receiver operating characteristics curve, the cutoff used for hyperglycemia in this study was greater than or equal to 169 mg/dL. Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine the association of hyperglycemia and TIMI flow with 1-year mortality.Compared with patients with lower blood glucose level (<169 mg/dL; n = 549), a greater proportion of patients who presented with hyperglycemia (≥169 mg/dL; n = 307) had final TIMI flow 0 to 1 (3.3 vs. 0.5%; adjusted odds ratio = 5.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.30–23.9, p = 0.02). Hyperglycemia was associated with an increased risk for 1-year mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]= 2.0, 95% CI: 1.13–3.53, p = 0.017). Multivariable Cox regression showed that the interaction of hyperglycemia and final TIMI flow 0 to 1 was associated with an elevated risk for 1-year mortality (adjusted HR= 9.4, 95% CI: 2.34–37.81, p = 0.002).A higher proportion of patients with acute STEMI who presented with hyperglycemia had final TIMI flow 0 to 1 after primary PCI. The interaction of hyperglycemia and final TIMI flow 0 to 1 was associated with an increased risk for 1-year mortality. This study suggests that aggressive control of hyperglycemia prior to primary PCI may facilitate better angiographic and clinical outcomes after primary PCI. Clinical Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier number: NCT02319473.

scholarly journals Investigating the Effects of Dapagliflozin on Cardiac Function, Inflammatory Response, and Cardiovascular Outcome in Patients with STEMI Complicated with T2DM after PCI

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
LiMing Xue ◽  
Xian Yuan ◽  
Shuguang Zhang ◽  
Xia Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcome ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Observation Group

Objective. To explore the effect of dapagliflozin on cardiac function, inflammation, and cardiovascular outcome in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) combined with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods. 70 patients with STEMI and T2DM were divided into the control group (n = 35) and the observation group (n = 35). Before surgery, patients in both groups were given conventional treatments such as coronary expansion, antiplatelet, anticoagulation, and thrombolysis, and PCI was performed. After the operation, both groups were given conventional antiplatelet, anticoagulation, lipid-lowering, and hypoglycemic treatments. On this basis, the observation group was treated with dapagliflozin tablets for 24 weeks. We observe and compare the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), myocardial enzyme spectrum, inflammatory reaction, and occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) of the two groups of patients before and after treatment. Results. After treatment, the LVEDD and LVESD of the two groups were lower than those before treatment, and the observation group was lower than the control group (P < 0.05). The LVEF of both groups was higher than that before treatment, and the observation group was higher than the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of two groups’ patients’ creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), and troponin I (cTnI) were all lower than those before treatment, and the observation group patients were all lower than the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of serum myeloperoxidase (MPO), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the two groups were all lower than those before treatment, and the observation group patients were all lower than the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, there was no statistical difference between the two groups of patients in cardiogenic death, recurrent myocardial infarction, and other adverse cardiovascular events (P > 0.05). But, the incidence of severe arrhythmia and heart failure in the observation group were both lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Kaplan–Meier survival curve analysis showed that the median survival time without MACE in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Dapagliflozin treatment for patients with STEMI combined with T2DM after PCI can improve cardiac function to certain extent, reduce inflammation, and will reduce the incidence of adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

scholarly journals Effect of dexamethasone on TLR4 and MyD88 expression in monocytes of patients with tuberculous meningitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zhou ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Mei-Ying Gu ◽  
Shu-Qiong Zhang ◽  
Sheng-Li Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tuberculous Meningitis ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Effective Rate ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Dexamethasone Treatment ◽  
And Control ◽  
Myd88 Pathway

This study aims to analyze the clinical effect of dexamethasone in the treatment of tuberculous meningitis and its effect on MyD88 and TLR4 expression in monocytes. In total, 60 tuberculous meningitis patients were divided into two groups: observation group and control group. Of them, 36 patients were treated with conventional anti-tuberculosis treatment combined with dexamethasone in the observation group, while patients in control group were treated with anti-tuberculosis alone, and the clinical efficacy and expression of TLR4 and MyD88 in peripheral blood monocytes in both the groups were analyzed. The total effective rate in the combined treatment group was 91.67%, which was significantly better than the control group (χ2 = 5.17, P < 0.05). This revealed that dexamethasone treatment can significantly reduce the expression levels of TLR4 and MyD88. Anti-tuberculosis treatment combined with dexamethasone can significantly improve treatment efficacy. Furthermore, the TLR4-MyD88 pathway plays an important role in the dexamethasone treatment of tuberculous meningitis.

scholarly journals The effect of heparin after primary percutaneous coronary intervention on short-term clinical outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1636
Author(s):  
Mohammed Rouzbahani ◽  
Mohsen Rezaie ◽  
Nahid Salehi ◽  
Parisa Janjani ◽  
Reza Heidari Moghadam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Timi Flow ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary

Background: Doing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the first hours of myocardial infraction (MI) is effective in re-establishment of blood flow. Anticoagulation treatment should be prescribed in patients undergoing PCI to decrease the side effects of ischemia. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of heparin prescription after PCI on short-term clinical outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Materials: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted at Imam Ali cardiovascular center at Kermanshah university of medical science (KUMS), Iran. Between April 2019 to October 2019, 400 patients with STEMI which candidate to PCI were enrolled. Patients randomly divided in two groups: intervention group (received 5,000 units of heparin after PCI until first 24 hours, every 6 hours) and control group (did not receive heparin). Data were collected using a checklist developed based on the study's aims. Differences between groups were assessed using independent t-tests and chi-square (or Fisher exact tests).Result: Observed that, mean prothrombin time (PT) (13.30±1.60 vs. 12.21±1.15, p<0.001) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) (35.30±3.08 vs. 34.41±3.01, p=0.003) were significantly higher in intervention group compared to control group. Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade 0/1 after primary PCI was significantly more frequently in control group (5.5% vs. 1.0%, p=0.034). The mean of ejection fraction (EF) after PCI (47.58±7.12 vs. 45.15±6.98, p<0.001) was significantly higher in intervention group. Intervention group had a statistically significant shorter length of hospital stay (4.71±1.03 vs. 6.12±1.10, p<0.001). There was higher incidence of re-vascularization (0% vs. 3.0%; p=0.013) and re-MI (0% vs. 2.5%; p=0.024) in the control group.Conclusion: Performing primary PCI with receiving heparin led to improve TIMI flow and consequently better EF. Receiving heparin is associated with lower risk of re-MI and re-vascularization.

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