scholarly journals Mapping the FACT-G to EQ-5D Utility Index in Cancer: Data From a Cross-sectional Study in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZhiKui He ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
WenJie Liang ◽  
WenJia Xu ◽  
WenXiu Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Cost Utility ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Utility Index

Abstract ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop a function for mapping the cancer-specific instrument (FACT–G) to a preference-based measure (EQ-5D-3L) utility index for HRQoL, in which the utility scores were generated using the Chinese value set.MethodThe data are based on a cross-sectional survey of 243 patients in China with different cancer types. Cancer patients who completed the EQ-5D-3 L and the FACT-G questionnaire, and patient demographics and clinical characteristics were included in this study. Regression models were used to predict the EQ-5D-3L utility index values based on four subscale scores of the FACT-G using the ordinary least squares (OLS) model, generalized linear models (GLM), censored least absolute deviations (CLAD), Tobit model, and two-part model (TPM) regression approaches. The performance and predictive power of each model were also evaluated using r2 and adj- r2, mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean squared error (RMSE).ResultsThe introduction of the square term and the interaction term improves the accuracy of the model. The social well-being subscale of the FACT-G was not associated with the EQ-5D-3L utility index, whereas, the physical, emotional, functional well-being, and FACT-G total scores were derived when mapping the FACT-G to the EQ-5D-3L utility index. For the FACT-G, the OLS model was the best at predicting mean EQ-5D-3L values among all the regression models and has 70% explanatory power for the observed EQ-5D-3L variation. Nevertheless, the OLS model overpredicted utilities for poorer health states and underestimated utilities for those with better health. The result of the OLS model, GLM, and CLAD models were similar to the MAE, MSE, and RMSE.ConclusionThe algorithm based on Chinese population development for mapping the FACT-G into the EQ-5D-3L utility index can be realized. We also recommend that OLS models be used to assess the economic evaluation of patients' health-related quality of life when the population is in moderate to good health for further cost-utility analysis in China.

scholarly journals Mapping the FACT-G to EQ-5D-3L utility index in cancer: data from a cross-sectional study in in Guangxi, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZhiKui He ◽  
WenJie Liang ◽  
WenJia Xu ◽  
WenXiu Huang ◽  
XiaoMin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Mapping Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Utility Index ◽  
Linear Equating

Abstract ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop a function for mapping the cancer-specific instrument (FACT–G) to a preference-based measure (EQ-5D-3L) utility index for HRQoL, in which the utility scores were generated using the Chinese value set.MethodThe data are based on a cross-sectional survey of 243 patients in China with different cancer types. Cancer patients who completed the EQ-5D-3L and the FACT-G questionnaire, and patient demographics and clinical characteristics were included in this study. Regression models were used to predict the EQ-5D-3L utility index values based on four subscale scores of the FACT-G using the ordinary least squares (OLS) model, generalized linear models (GLM), censored least absolute deviations (CLAD), Tobit model, and two-part model (TPM) regression approaches. The performance and predictive power of each model were also evaluated using r2 and adj- r2, mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean squared error (RMSE). Linear equating is a mapping technique that avoids regression to the mean.ResultsThe introduction of the square term and the interaction term improves the accuracy of the model. The social well-being subscale of the FACT-G was not associated with the EQ-5D-3L utility index, whereas, the physical, emotional, functional well-being, and FACT-G total scores were derived when mapping the FACT-G to the EQ-5D-3L utility index. For the FACT-G, the OLS model was the best at predicting mean EQ-5D-3L values among all the regression models and has 70% explanatory power for the observed EQ-5D-3L variation. Nevertheless, the OLS model overpredicted utilities for poorer health states and underestimated utilities for those with better health. The result of the OLS model, GLM, and CLAD models were similar to the MAE, MSE, and RMSE. The results showed that the mean prediction accuracy of the OLS models was higher than that of the other models, and the OLS model's linear equating predicted values were much closer to the observed values.ConclusionThe algorithm based on Chinese population development for mapping the FACT-G into the EQ-5D-3L utility index can be realized. We also recommend that OLS models be used to assess the economic evaluation of patients' health-related quality of life when the population is in moderate to good health for further cost-utility analysis in China.

scholarly journals Medical Cannabis and Utilization of Nonhospice Palliative Care Services: Complements and Alternatives at End of Life

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James A Croker ◽  
Julie Bobitt ◽  
Kanika Arora ◽  
Brian Kaskie
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Terminal Illness ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Medical Cannabis ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models

Abstract Background and Objectives There is a need to know more about cannabis use among terminally diagnosed older adults, specifically whether it operates as a complement or alternative to palliative care. The objective is to explore differences among the terminal illness population within the Illinois Medical Cannabis Program (IMCP) by their use of palliative care. Research Design and Methods The study uses primary, cross-sectional survey data from 708 terminally diagnosed patients, residing in Illinois, and enrolled in the IMCP. We compared the sample on palliative care utilization through logistic regression models, examined associations between palliative care and self-reported outcome improvements using ordinary least squares regressions, and explored differences in average pain levels using independent t-tests. Results 115 of 708 terminally diagnosed IMCP participants were receiving palliative care. We find increased odds of palliative care utilization for cancer (odds ratio [OR] [SE] = 2.15 [0.53], p < .01), low psychological well-being (OR [SE] = 1.97 [0.58], p < .05), medical complexity (OR [SE] = 2.05 [0.70], p < .05), and prior military service (OR [SE] = 2.01 [0.68], p < .05). Palliative care utilization is positively associated with improvement ratings for pain (7.52 [3.41], p < .05) and ability to manage health outcomes (8.29 [3.61], p < .01). Concurrent use of cannabis and opioids is associated with higher pain levels at initiation of cannabis dosing (p < .05). Discussion and Implications Our results suggest that cannabis is largely an alternative to palliative care for terminal patients. For those in palliative care, it is a therapeutic complement used at higher levels of pain.

scholarly journals Health Utilities in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Taiwan

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1672
Author(s):  
Chia-Chia Chen ◽  
Jin-Hua Chen ◽  
Chien-Lung Chen ◽  
Tzu-Jung Lai ◽  
Yu Ko
Keyword(s):  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Cost Utility ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Utilities ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Metropolitan Hospital ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
The Impact

We aimed to measure health utilities in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in Taiwan and to estimate the impact of common DM-related complications and adverse effects (AEs) on health utilities. The present study was a cross-sectional survey of DM patients at a metropolitan hospital. Respondents’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was assessed by the EQ-5D-5L, and ordinary least-squares (OLS) regression was used to estimate the impact of self-reported DM-related complications and AEs on health utilities after controlling for age, gender, and duration of DM. A total of 506 eligible adults with type 2 DM (T2DM) were enrolled. The EQ-5D index values in our study sample ranged from −0.13 to 1, with a mean ± standard deviation of 0.88 ± 0.20. As indicated by the negative regression coefficients, the presence of any complication or AE was associated with lower EQ-5D index values, and the greatest impact on the score was made by amputation (−0.276), followed by stroke (−0.211), and blindness (−0.203). In conclusion, the present study elicited health utilities in patients with T2DM in Taiwan using the EQ-5D-5L. These estimated utility decrements provided essential data for future DM cost–utility analyses that are needed as a result of the increasing prevalence and health expenditures of DM.

PERCEIVED EFFECTS OF STREET HAWKING ON THE WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN IN ANYIGBA, DEKINA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Alfred Eboh
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Effects ◽  
The Government

Background: The hawking of wares by children has been a serious issue confronting the Nigerian society. Children hawk in some of the most horrible conditions conceivable, where they face a serious risk of injury, chronic illness, kidnapping, rape or death. Objective: The focus of this study was to assess the perceived effects of street hawking on the well-being of children in Anyigba, Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State. Methods: The population of this study consists of parents of the street hawkers in Anyigba while cross-sectional survey design was used through the purposive sampling technique to choose the sample size of one hundred and sixty-two (162) respondents. The validated structured questionnaire and In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) served as the instruments for the data collection respectively. The hypotheses were tested using Chi-Square at a predetermined 0.05 level of significance. The quantitative data were analysed with the aid of the SPSS (version 20). Results: The results indicated among others that street hawking had significant social implications and physical consequences on children's moral behaviour as well as health status in the study area. Conclusion: The study, therefore, concluded that the government of Kogi State should carry out an enlightenment campaign through the media and religious institutions on the negative consequences of street hawking are recommended as panacea. Also, the child right act instrument and its implementation should be strengthened in order to curb street hawking in the study area.

scholarly journals The COVID‐19 pandemic and healthcare workers psychological well‐being: a cross‐sectional survey in Indonesia

Nursing Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni’matuzahroh ◽  
Valendriyani Ningrum ◽  
Widayat ◽  
Myrtati Dyah Artaria ◽  
Mein‐Woei Suen
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being

scholarly journals Prepared and highly committed despite the risk of COVID-19 infection: a cross-sectional survey of primary care physicians’ concerns and coping strategies in Singapore

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerrald Lau ◽  
David Hsien-Yung Tan ◽  
Gretel Jianlin Wong ◽  
Yii-Jen Lew ◽  
Ying-Xian Chua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Stress Management ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Accessible Information ◽  
And Coping

Abstract Background Primary care physicians (PCPs) are first points-of-contact between suspected cases and the healthcare system in the current COVID-19 pandemic. This study examines PCPs’ concerns, impact on personal lives and work, and level of pandemic preparedness in the context of COVID-19 in Singapore. We also examine factors and coping strategies that PCPs have used to manage stress during the outbreak. Methods Two hundred and sixteen PCPs actively practicing in either a public or private clinic were cluster sampled via email invitation from three primary care organizations in Singapore from 6th to 29th March 2020. Participants completed a cross-sectional online questionnaire consisting of items on work- and non-work-related concerns, impact on personal and work life, perceived pandemic preparedness, stress-reduction factors, and personal coping strategies related to COVID-19. Results A total of 158 questionnaires were usable for analyses. PCPs perceived themselves to be at high risk of COVID-19 infection (89.9%), and a source of risk (74.7%) and concern (71.5%) to loved ones. PCPs reported acceptance of these risks (91.1%) and the need to care for COVID-19 patients (85.4%). Overall perceived pandemic preparedness was extremely high (75.9 to 89.9%). PCPs prioritized availability of personal protective equipment, strict infection prevention guidelines, accessible information about COVID-19, and well-being of their colleagues and family as the most effective stress management factors. Conclusions PCPs continue to serve willingly on the frontlines of this pandemic despite the high perception of risk to themselves and loved ones. Healthcare organizations should continue to support PCPs by managing both their psychosocial (e.g. stress management) and professional (e.g. pandemic preparedness) needs.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID‐19 on work, training and well‐being experiences of nursing associates in England: A cross‐sectional survey

Nursing Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel King ◽  
Tony Ryan ◽  
Michaela Senek ◽  
Emily Wood ◽  
Bethany Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Training ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Development of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire among a sample of people who have consumed psilocybin or LSD

2021 ◽  
pp. 026988112096787
Author(s):  
Alan K Davis ◽  
Frederick S Barrett ◽  
Sara So ◽  
Natalie Gukasyan ◽  
Thomas C Swift ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Psychological Flexibility ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes

Background: Several measures have been developed to examine acute psychedelic effects (e.g. mystical-type and challenging experiences), but no measure assesses acute psychologically insightful experiences that may occur during psychedelic experiences. Aim: The purpose of this study was to develop and examine the psychometric properties of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire. Method: A cross-sectional survey study among psilocybin and LSD users. Respondents ( n=1661; Mage=22.9, standard deviation=8.5; Caucasian/White=83%; non-Hispanic=91%; men=72%; United States resident=66%) completed an Internet-based survey. Results: The Psychological Insight Questionnaire consists of 23 items with two subscales: (a) Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and (b) Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights. Construct validity of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire was supported by strong correlations of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights subscales) scores with the insight subscale of the Session Impacts Scale, and weak-to-moderate correlations with the Mystical Experiences and Challenging Experiences Questionnaires. Furthermore, Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights subscales) scores were moderately-to-strongly correlated with retrospectively reported increases in psychological flexibility, and well-being/life satisfaction that were attributed to a memorable psychedelic experience. Lastly, incremental validity was established showing that the Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights subscale) scores predict unique variance in changes in psychological flexibility, and Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights subscales) scores predict changes in well-being and life satisfaction, beyond measures of acute mystical-type and challenging effects. Conclusions: The Psychological Insight Questionnaire has the potential to extend the understanding of the acute and enduring effects of psychedelics. Further longitudinal research is necessary to determine the long-term predictive validity of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire and to examine the role of psychological insight in predicting therapeutic outcomes.

scholarly journals Possible Selves Across the Lifespan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 449-449
Author(s):  
Victoria Chen ◽  
Alysson Light
Keyword(s):  
Possible Selves ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Midlife Adults ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Possible selves are defined as “personalized representations of one’s self in future states” (Cross & Markus, 1991). Research has also found that thinking frequently about possible selves predicts lower well-being, whereas thinking clearly about possible selves is associated with higher well-being (McElwee & Haugh, 2010). However, possible selves differ across the lifespan (Hooker & Kaus, 1994; Cross & Markus, 1991) and life stages can impact exploration of possible identities (Arnett, 2000). Thus we hypothesize that the relationship between thought about possible selves and well-being differs across the lifespan. In a cross-sectional survey, 240 participants (age range: 18-92) reported on frequency and clarity of possible selves, as well as general self-clarity (Campbell et al., 1996). Results indicate curvilinear moderation by age of the link between possible self-clarity and well-being, with the association being stronger among midlife adults than among younger adults and older adults. Also, as clarity of feared possible selves increases, self-concept clarity decreases. Similarly, frequency of thinking about feared possible selves was negatively correlated with self-concept clarity. However, clarity and frequency of thought about hoped-for positive possible selves had no correlation with self-concept clarity.

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