scholarly journals Identification of Polymorphisms in GDF9 and BMP15 Genes in Jamunapari and Crossbred Goats in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mishuk shaha ◽  
Gous Miah ◽  
Arjuman Lima ◽  
Omar Faruk Miazi ◽  
Ashutosh Das
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Cycle Sequencing ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Growth Differentiation Factor 9 ◽  
Pcr Products

Abstract Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) are two crucial fecundity genes 15 associated with litter size traits in the goat. Our previous study on GDF9 and BMP15 genes detected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with litter size in Bangladeshi Black Bengal goats. In this study, Jamunapari and crossbred goats of Bangladesh were screened to identify polymorphisms in the GDF9 and BMP15 genes and to assess the association between identified SNPs and litter size. The genomic DNA from 100 goats (50 Jamunapari and 50 crossbred) was used in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to amplify the exon 2 of the GDF9 and exon 2 of the BMP15 gene. PCR products were sequenced employing the BigDye Terminator cycle sequencing protocol, to identify SNPs. A generalized linear model was utilized to perform the association analysis for identified SNPs and litter size. Seven SNPs were identified, of which four: C818CT, G1073A, G1189A and G1330T were in the GDF9 gene, three: G616T, G735A and G811A were in the BMP15 gene. G735A was a synonymous SNP, whereas the remaining were non-synonymous SNPs. Identified SNP loci in GDF9 were low polymorphic (PIC<0.25) while loci in BMP15 were moderately polymorphic (PIC≥0.25). The genotypes at the G1330T locus had a significant (p<0.05) difference in litter size in Jamunapari goat, but no significant difference was observed for all genotypes at other loci. This study provides additional molecular markers that would be useful for future research on the litter size trait in goats of Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Polymorphism of fecundity genes (BMP15 and GDF9) and their association with litter size in Bangladeshi prolific Black Bengal goat

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Das ◽  
M. Shaha ◽  
M. Das Gupta ◽  
Avijit Dutta ◽  
O. F. Miazi
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Goat Breed ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Growth Differentiation Factor 9 ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 ◽  
First Time ◽  
Black Bengal Goat

AbstractIdentification of prolificacy associated genetic markers remains vital in goat breeding industry since an increase in litter size can generate significant profit. Black Bengal is a prolific goat breed in Bangladesh. There are no inland reports on polymorphisms associated with fertility of Black Bengal goats in Bangladesh. In this study, we investigated two major fecundity genes-bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) and growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) in order to detect any possible mutations in these two genes in Bangladeshi Black Bengal goats. We identified six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), of which five (C735A, C743A, G754T, C781A, and C808G) in BMP15 exon 2 and one (T1173A) in GDF9 exon 2. We also studied their association with litter size. Association analysis results show that polymorphism at the 735, 754 and 781 nucleotide positions of BMP15 exon 2 had significant association with litter size in Black Bengal goat. The effect of parity was also highly significant (p <0.001) on litter size. This study explored, for the first time, SNP loci in fecundity genes in Bangladeshi prolific Black Bengal goats. Further studies with a high number of genetically unrelated animals for assessing the association of these loci and others in the fecundity genes with litter size may be useful.

scholarly journals Distribution of QPY and RAH haplotypes of granzyme B gene in distinct Brazilian populations

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-499
Author(s):  
Fernanda Bernadelli Garcia ◽  
Simone Kashima ◽  
Evandra Strazza Rodrigues ◽  
Israel Tojal Silva ◽  
Tathiane Maistro Malta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granzyme B ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Cytotoxic Lymphocytes ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Novel Treatment Strategies ◽  
Brazilian Populations ◽  
Afro Brazilian

INTRODUCTION: The cytolysis mediated by granules is one of the most important effector functions of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. Recently, three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified at exons 2, 3, and 5 of the granzyme B gene, resulting in a haplotype in which three amino acids of mature protein Q48P88Y245 are changed to R48A88H245, which leads to loss of cytotoxic activity of the protein. In this study, we evaluated the frequency of these polymorphisms in Brazilian populations. METHODS: We evaluated the frequency of these polymorphisms in Brazilian ethnic groups (white, Afro-Brazilian, and Asian) by sequencing these regions. RESULTS: The allelic and genotypic frequencies of SNP 2364A/G at exon 2 in Afro-Brazilian individuals (42.3% and 17.3%) were significantly higher when compared with those in whites and Asians (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0007, respectively). The polymorphisms 2933C/G and 4243C/T also were more frequent in Afro-Brazilians but without any significant difference regarding the other groups. The Afro-Brazilian group presented greater diversity of haplotypes, and the RAH haplotype seemed to be more frequent in this group (25%), followed by the whites (20.7%) and by the Asians (11.9%), similar to the frequency presented in the literature. CONCLUSIONS: There is a higher frequency of polymorphisms in Afro-Brazilians, and the RAH haplotype was more frequent in these individuals. We believe that further studies should aim to investigate the correlation of this haplotype with diseases related to immunity mediated by cytotoxic lymphocytes, and if this correlation is confirmed, novel treatment strategies might be elaborated.

Gen DRD2, TH y DTNBP1 y la sintomatología de pacientes ecuatorianos esquizofrénicos tratados con haloperidol. Caso Clínico.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabián Porras-Borja ◽  
Camilo Pérez ◽  
Erickson Toscano ◽  
Paola E. Leone ◽  
Cesar Paz-y-Miño
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Positive Symptom ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Drd2 Gene ◽  
Symptom Scale ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Significant Difference

Genetic variants of chemical neurotransmission have been associated with the development of schizophrenia. This is a syndromic mental disorder that affects the perception of reality and feelings of those affected. This disease is expressed in 1% of the world’s population; in all cases, antipsychotic drugs are used as treatment. Scientific evidence indicates that symptomatologic characteristics and therapeutic response has a genetic influence. The objective of the current work was to describe the presence or absence of allelic polymorphisms found on the dopamine gene and the therapeutic response of 11 Ecuadorian individuals treated with haloperidol (5mg.), for a period of 14 days. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the DRD2, TH and DTNBP1 genes and evaluations recorded from the PANSS, BPRS and UKU scales were assessed. An association with a significance of P = 0.024 was found between the Taq1-B polymorphism on the DRD2 gene and the BPRS positive symptom scale; furthermore, an association with a significance of P = 0.045 was found with the PANSS negative symptoms scale. The absence of the Ser311Cys polymorphism on the DRD2 gene within the sample was also reported. In conclusion, it is noted that there is a statistically significant difference between the symptomatologic group, individuals with allele A / G SNP Taq1-B, and the group of individuals without the polymorphism. Even though the biological mechanisms behind this result are not understood, his study will serve as a basis for the development of future research related to this topic.

scholarly journals Genetic Effects of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Goat GDF9 Gene on Prolificacy: True or False Positive?

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyu Wang ◽  
Qing Yang ◽  
Sihuan Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyu Zhang ◽  
Chuanying Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Information Search ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Growth Differentiation Factor 9 ◽  
Linkage Effects ◽  
Gdf9 Gene

Goat reproductive traits are complex quantitative traits controlled by polygenes and multipoint. To date, some high-fertility candidate genes in livestock have been unearthed and the growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) gene is one of them, which plays a crucial role in early folliculogenesis. According to the relevant previous studies and the National Center for Biotechnology Information Search database (NCBI), a total of 45 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been detected in the goat GDF9 gene, but which one or which ones have important effects on goat fecundity is still uncertain. Hence, in order to find effective molecular markers for goat genetic breeding and accelerate the goat improvement, this study summarized and classified the above 45 SNPs into four kinds, as well as compared and analyzed the same SNP effects and the different SNPs linkage effects on the reproductive traits in different goat breeds. Since there were many SNPs in the goat GDF9 gene, only 15 SNPs have been identified in more than 30 goat breeds worldwide and they showed different effects on the litter size. Therefore, this study mainly chose these 15 SNPs and discussed their relationship with goat productivity. Results showed that three non-synonymous SNPs A240V, Q320P, and V397I and three synonymous ones L61L, N121N, and L141L played a “true” role in the litter size trait in many goat breeds around the world. However, the regulatory mechanisms still need further research. These results provide an effective tool for follow-up research developing the goat molecular breeding strategies and improving the goat reproductive traits.

scholarly journals Identification of point mutations in exon 2 of GDF9 gene in Kermani sheep

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Khodabakhshzadeh ◽  
M.R. Mohammadabadi ◽  
A.K. Esmailizadeh ◽  
H. Moradi Shahrebabak ◽  
F. Bordbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Salting Out ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Silver Nitrate Staining

Abstract Screening the fertile ewes from national herds to detect the major genes for prolificacy is an effective way to create the fertile flocks. Growth differentiation factor (GDF) 9 is a member of the transforming growth factor β superfamily that is essential for folliculogenesis and female fertility. The aim of this study was to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in exon 2 of GDF9 gene in Kermani sheep breed using PCR-SSCP. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood of collected samples using salting-out method. Whole exon 2 of GDF9 gene was amplified (634 bp and 647 bp fragments) using designed specific primers. The single stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) patterns of PCR products were studied using electrophoresis on acrylamide gel and silver-nitrate staining method. Finally, 4 banding patterns for the first primer pair and 4 banding patterns for the second primer pair were obtained. Also, indices of population genetic per SNP were calculated using Gen Alex 6.41 software. The sequencing results showed the presence of 3 mutations (SNP) (443, 477 and 721 positions) in the studied population.

scholarly journals Molecular Cloning of the B4GALNT2 Gene and Its Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Association with Litter Size in Small Tail Han Sheep

Animals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofei Guo ◽  
Xiangyu Wang ◽  
Benmeng Liang ◽  
Ran Di ◽  
Qiuyue Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Granule Cells ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Transcription Start Sites ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tan Sheep ◽  
Rapid Amplification

A new fecundity gene named the FecL (mutation), which regulates the ovulation rate, was discovered in French Lacaune sheep. The B4GALNT2 (beta-1, 4-N-acetyl-galactosaminyl transferase 2) gene was considered as the potential FecL mutation gene. This study explores whether the effect of the FecL mutation exists in other sheep breeds, and the features of the B4GALNT2 gene in terms of the molecular structure and its expression profile. Using Sanger sequencing, we found that high and low fecundity breeds from among 11 measured sheep breeds all had no variation in the three specific mutation sites, which were linked with the FecL mutation. However, two mutations of g.36946470C > T and g.36933082C > T in the exon of B4GALNT2 had a significant effect on litter size in the first parity for Small Tail Han (STH) Sheep (p < 0.05). Two transcription start sites (TSS) of B4GALNT2 in its 5′-flanking region were discovered in ovine granule cells in vitro, through the RACE (Rapid amplification of cDNA ends) method. Except for in the kidney and oviduct, no significant difference in expression levels had been found between STH sheep and Tan sheep breeds. The B4GALNT2 gene, as a candidate for FecL, may have a relationship with the differences in litter size in STH sheep. B4GALNT2 is mainly expressed in the ovine ovary, which also suggests that B4GALNT2 plays an important role in sheep reproduction.

scholarly journals Identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms in GDF9 gene associated with litter size in Garut sheep

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Resti Yuliana Rahmawati ◽  
Sumadi Sumadi ◽  
Tety Hartatik
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Growth Differentiation Factor 9 ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Reference Sequences ◽  
Gdf9 Gene

The growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) gene has been regarded as having major impacts on ovulation rate and litter size in sheep. The aim of this study was to identify the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the GDF9 gene and their association with litter size in Garut sheep. For this purpose, a total of 60 ewes of Garut sheep were included in this study. Based on the sheep GDF9 reference sequences (Genbank Acc. No. AF078545.2), one pair of primers (5’-CTGCTGTTTAACCTGGATCGTG-3 5’-GGAGAGCCATACCGATGTCC-3 as forward and reverse, respectively) was used for PCR amplification. The results revealed that four SNPs (g.54C>T, g.60G>A, g.304G>A, and g.333G>A) were found in Garut sheep by direct sequencing. For SNP g.54C>T, the sheep exhibited the highest frequency of allele C and genotype CC. On the other hand, SNPs g.60G>A, g.304G>A, and g.333G>A showed a higher frequency of allele G than allele A, and the GG genotype was predominant in the population. SNP g.333G>A had a significant effect on litter size (p < 0.05), and ewes with the GG genotype had a higher litter size than those with the GA genotype. Genotype distributions for all identified SNPs were in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. We highlight that SNP g.333G>A may be useful as a genetic marker for litter size in Garut sheep.

scholarly journals Novel Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Lysozyme (C-Type) Gene in Donkey (Equus Asinus) Populations in Marmara Province of Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 495
Author(s):  
Raziye Işık
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Equus Asinus ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Exon 1 ◽  
Type Gene

The major antimicrobial proteins in donkey milk are lysozyme, lactoferrin, lactoperoxidase and immunoglobulins. Lysozyme has an important role in the host defense by way it inhibits the pathogenic bacteria. The aim of this study is to investigate the Lysozyme (LYZ) gene polymorphism in 82 donkeys reared in Thrace region of Turkey. 716 bp long partial 5’ UTR, exon 1, intron 1, exon 2 regions of LYZ gene were amplified and PCR products were analyzed via DNA sequencing. Three novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified as g.1782775A>G, g.1782924A>G and g.1782960T>C in the first intron of LYZ gene. The partial DNA sequence of LYZ gene in donkeys was reported in the present study and sequences of LYZ were entered to NCBI Genbank database with the accession number: MK984689-MK984692. This SNP may have an effect on immune system and milk traits in donkeys and additional studies are needed to confirm this assumption for donkey breeding.

scholarly journals Identification of mutations in <i>BMP15</i> and <i>GDF9</i> genes associated with prolificacy of Markhoz goats

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 565-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hourad Ghoreishi ◽  
Sadegh Fathi-Yosefabad ◽  
Jalal Shayegh ◽  
Abolfazl Barzegari
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Goat Breed ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Novel Mutations ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Growth Differentiation Factor 9 ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15

Abstract. The Markhoz is a local goat breed in the Kurdistan region of Iran. The mohair obtained from these animals plays an important cultural role and is used for making local clothes in the Kurdistan region. This breed is a low-fecundity local goat, and searching for genes associated with fertility of these goats is important for their breeding. Moreover, this research is complementary to prior studies of candidate genes associated with fertility. The growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) are attractive candidates expressed by the oocyte and are associated with increased ovulation rate in sheep. However, there are no reports on single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with fertility of Markhoz goats. Hence, we studied these candidate genes and found two novel mutations (g.233C>A and g.755T>G) in GDF9 exon I and in BMP15 exon II, respectively. Furthermore, we investigated their association with prolificacy. These nucleotide changes are detectable with the PCR-RFLP method and can be used in the screening for highly fecund goats. Both of the mutations significantly increased litter size in heterozygote form for BMP15 and homozygote form for GDF9 in this goat breed. Homozygote females for the BMP15 mutation were not identified in the Markhoz breed, which is similar to the situation found in Belclare sheep, small-tailed Han sheep, and Jining Grey goats.

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