scholarly journals The effect of cow longevity on dynamic productivity growth of dairy farming

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beshir Melkaw Ali
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Technical Change ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Productivity Change ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Technical Inefficiency ◽  
Explanatory Variables

Abstract Cow longevity is recognized as an important trait to improve farm economic performance while concurrently reducing environmental and societal impacts. However, there is an economic trade-off between longevity and herd genetic improvement, which may influence the evolution of dairy farms’ efficiency and productivity over time. This study used a panel data of 723 Dutch specialized dairy farms over 2007-2013 to empirically measure the effect of longevity on dynamic productivity change and its components. First, the productivity growth estimates were obtained using the Luenberger dynamic productivity indicator. Then, the estimates were regressed on longevity and other explanatory variables using dynamic panel data model. Results show that the average dynamic productivity growth was 1.1% per year, comprising of technical change (0.5%), scale inefficiency change (0.4%) and technical inefficiency change (0.2%). Longevity is found to have a statistically significant positive association with productivity growth and technical change, implying that farms with more matured cows were also those farms that recorded increased productivity through technical progress. However, it has a negative association with technical inefficiency change, which might follow from the reduced milk productivity of old cows. Dutch dairy farms have a potential to raise productivity growth by reducing technical inefficiency.

scholarly journals Women’s empowerment in agriculture and productivity change: The case of Bangladesh rice farms

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255589
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hasan Mobarok ◽  
Theodoros Skevas ◽  
Wyatt Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Technical Change ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Productivity Change ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Farm Productivity

Using productivity change as a measure of farm economic performance, we analyze the relationship between women’s empowerment in agriculture and farm productivity change and its components, which include efficiency change, technological change, and scale efficiency change. A non-parametric Malmquist approach is used to measure farm specific productivity change and its decomposition. We use a bootstrap regression to analyze factors that cause differences in productivity change and its components, testing, in particular, the role women’s empowerment plays. The empirical application focuses on a sample of Bangladesh rice farms over the crop cultivation period 2011 and 2014. Results suggest that improvements in women’s empowerment in agriculture were associated with higher levels of productivity change, efficiency change, and technical change, while they had no impact on scale efficiency change. We find that empowering women, specifically, improving their ability to make independent choices regarding agricultural production had a statistically significant positive association with productivity change, efficiency change, and technical change. We also find that lowering the gender parity gap is positively related with improving productivity of the sample farms.

Do the diversification of income and assets spur bank profitability in Bangladesh? A dynamic panel data analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Jashim Uddin ◽  
Md. Tofael Hossain Majumder ◽  
Aklima Akter ◽  
Rabaya Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Bank Profitability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Generalized Methods Of Moments

Purpose This paper aims to explore the effects of bank diversification (i.e. diversification of income and diversification of assets) on Bangladeshi banks’ profitability. Design/methodology/approach Using a dynamic panel data model with system generalized methods of moments, the authors examine an unbalanced panel data from 32 banks spanning 318 bank-year observations from 2007 to 2016. Findings The findings indicate a significant positive association of income diversification and asset diversification on bank profitability. Therefore, the results show that banks can generate profit from diversification of income and diversification of assets. Originality/value One of the rare attempts to investigate the relationship between diversification and profitability in Bangladesh’s banking sector is this report. The authors anticipate the results to have major consequences for Bangladeshi bank regulators and other related economies.

Determinants of Judicial Efficiency Change: Evidence from Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago A. Fauvrelle ◽  
Alessio Tony C Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Technical Change ◽  
State Courts ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Productivity Change ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Judicial Efficiency ◽  
Shift Effect ◽  
Using Data

AbstractJudicial efficiency matters for economic development. Nevertheless, the determinants of judicial productivity growth are not entirely understood. Using data of Brazil's state courts for the period of 2009 to 2014, this paper analyzes judicial productivity change and its possible determinants over time in a two stage approach. First, data envelopment analysis is used to calculate Malmquist productivity measures which are decomposed in: technical change (frontier-shift effect) and efficiency change (composed of pure efficiency change and scale efficiency change). In the second stage, fixed effect models are estimated to evaluate the associated factors with judicial productivity growth. The first stage results show a slight improvement in judicial productivity trend, which is defined mainly by efficiency change, since technical change deteriorated in the period. The second stage findings suggest the nonexistence of a trade-off between judicial quality and efficiency improvement. Moreover, judges’ remuneration, legal complexity and technological use are correlated with judicial productivity, however not always in the expected direction.

scholarly journals DEMOCRACY AND GROWTH: A DYNAMIC PANEL DATA STUDY

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (01) ◽  
pp. 41-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEFFRY A. JACOB ◽  
THOMAS OSANG
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Regime Stability ◽  
And Control

In this paper, we investigate the idea whether democracy has a direct effect on economic growth. We use a system GMM framework that allows us to model the dynamic aspects of the growth process and control for the endogenous nature of many explanatory variables. In contrast to the growth effects of institutions, regime stability, openness, geography and macro-economic policy variables, we find that measures of democracy matter little, if at all, for the economic growth process.

scholarly journals Nexus of Economic Growth on Happiness and Inequality: Reexamine the Paradox

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-49
Author(s):  
Debraj Roka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Method Of Moment ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Moment Estimation ◽  
Production And Distribution

Economic Growth is the essence of capitalism and it has the paradoxical relation on happiness and an inverse relationship with inequality. Capitalism is fueling the inequality in terms of access, opportunities, production, and distribution. The paper entitled “Nexus of Economic Growth on Happiness and Inequality” is reexamined the paradox which estimated the effect of economic growth and income on happiness and inequality by analyzing 1080 observations from 2008 to 2016 period covered 120 countries. The main explained variable of this paper is happiness and major interested explanatory variables are GDP per capita, GDP growth and inequality. The paper applied fixed and random effect and Linear Dynamic Panel Data (LDPD)/generalized method of moment estimation method as its estimation strategy. This paper investigated the positive association between GDP growth and income with happiness and found that the increase of economic growth and income lead to increase inequality which has a negative association with happiness.

scholarly journals Assessing the Influence of Accounting Outsourcing on Financial Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Thika Subcounty, Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 04 ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon M. Mwangi ◽  
Agness Mutiso ◽  
Daniel Mungai ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Simple Regression Model ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Relationship

Globally, small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) have been found to significantly contribute to the gross domestic product (GDP) in developing nations as well as to employment. In Kenya, the SMEs have the potential of raising many citizens to the mainstream economy. Although the SMEs contribute toward economic development as well as to employment in Kenya, their financial performance is still wanting, which is evidenced by the high collapse rate of SMEs. This research project assessed the influence of accounting outsourcing (AO) on financial performance of SMEs. The study used a descriptive design, and the number of SMEs that formed the population of study was 8605 in Thika subcounty. The sample size was therefore 368 SMEs, which were sampled using stratified and simple random sampling. The study adopted a questionnaire to collect data, and the Cronbach alpha coefficient was employed for testing of reliability. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used in analyzing the collected data with the assistance of statistical packages of social science (SPSS) version 23. The relationship between influences of AO and its effect on financial performance of SMEs were established through a simple regression model. The results of this study showed a significant positive association between the explanatory variables and the financial performance of SMEs. The study concludes that influences of AO have significant influence on SMEs financial performance. The study recommended that managers and owners of SMEs should seek service from qualified accountants as this may increase the quality of financial records and may improve their SMEs financial performance.

scholarly journals Connotation among Structure, Conduct, and Performance: A Panel Data Analysis of Selected Financial Firms in Pakistan

2017 ◽  
pp. 78-101
Author(s):  
Muhammad Jamil Et al.,
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Panel Data Models ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

The study of Structure, Conduct, and Performance (SCP) paradigm is important to evaluate the performance of firms. The study scrutinizes the relationship among SCP paradigm of selected financial firms (Banks, Insurance, Modaraba and Exchange companies) in Pakistan. Panel data of 103 financial firms of Pakistan from 2007 to 2015 is employed for this purpose. Various models of panel data have been employed to find the more parsimonious one. It is concluded that there is positive association among SCP using panel data models and dynamic panel data model. It is recommended that all firms are needed to enhance their management regarding expenditures and they also need to increase the number of shareholders to boost the firm’s performance

scholarly journals Technology, TFPG and Employment: A Panel Data Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Malik ◽  
Arup Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
Labour Productivity Growth ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper based on the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) panel data set makes an attempt to estimate total factor productivity growth across countries. Productivity convergence over time is evident when countries are divided across regions which could be attributed to a greater degree of association of countries in a given region pursuing joint efforts for infrastructural development, ICT coverage and advancement, trade negotiations, technology acquisition and innovation, and inflow of FDI. In terms of efficiency estimates for select years most of the countries are seen to be operating much below the frontier. This is indicative of the fact that countries are keen to pursue resource-driven growth in an attempt to maximize it. Based on the inter-temporal data we observed that a number of countries registered either a negative or a positive but low correlation between labour productivity growth and TFPG. Evidently, countries are engaged in greater mechanization which may be raising labour productivity without ushering in much success in terms of TFPG. From panel data regression the impact of technology perceived in terms of TFPG, on employment is seen to be negligible though it is important to note that none of the groups, income or region wise, recorded a statistically significant negative effect except the LDC, while the significant cases (howsoever scanty) reveal a positive association. Appropriate incentives may motivate firms to experience technological progress and employment growth both.

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