scholarly journals Factors Associated With Severity of Falls In Adult Hospital Patients: A Retrospective Audit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manonita Ghosh ◽  
Beverly O’Connell ◽  
Eben Afrifa-Yamoah ◽  
Sue Kitchen ◽  
Linda Coventry
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Hospital Inpatient ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Retrospective Audit ◽  
Injurious Falls ◽  
Height Of Fall ◽  
Hospital Patients

Abstract Background: Injurious falls in hospital patients are threat to patient safety which can result in a financial burden on the patient’s family and health care services. Both patient specific and environmental and organisational factors are associated with injurious hospital falls. It is important to continuously analyse the factors associated with the severity of falls which can inform the implementation of any fall preventive strategies. This study aims to identify risk factors associated with the severity of falls in hospitalised adult patients in Western Australia.Methods: This study involved a retrospective analysis of hospital inpatient falls records extracted from the hospital’s Clinical Incident Database. Falls clinical incidents were reviewed and analysed from May 2014 to April 2019.Results: There were 3705 complete reported cases of falls with the average age of the patients was 68.5±17.0 years, with 40.2% identified as female. Gender, activity at time of fall and height of fall were associated with the level of severity of the fall. The risk of falling at a higher level of severity increased by approximately 20% (65-74 years), 29% (75-84 years) and 39% (>84 years) respectively compared with patients age <50 years. Females were 15.1% more likely to fall at higher severity condition compared to males (AOR = 1.151, 95% CI: 1.063, 1.247, p < 0.001). Toileting and showering activities were 14.5% more likely to cause falling in higher level of severity (AOR = 1.145, 95% CI: 1.022, 1.284, p = 0.020) compared with attempting to sit or stand. A fall in a communal area was approximately 26% more likely to resulted in higher level of severity (AOR = 1.257, 95% CI: 1.003, 1.576, p = 0.047).Conclusions: Identification of underlying risk factors associated with the severity of falls provides information which can inform the implementation of fall prevention strategies that mitigate the risk of injurious falls.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Abdominal Obesity in the Productive Age in Surabaya

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Fani Kusteviani
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Sugary Drinks ◽  
Fat Deposits

Obesity has become a public health and nutrition issues the world both developed countries and developing countries, including Indonesia. Abdominal obesity is one type of obesity where there is abdominal fat deposits as measured by waist circumference. Abdominal obesity is more at risk of health problems such as diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, hypertension and cardiovascular disease than general obesity. Behavioral and environmental factors as well as genetic plays a role in the onset of abdominal obesity. The purpose of the study was to analyze factors associated with abdominal obesity in the productive age (15–64 years) in Surabaya. The independent variables used were age, sex, marital status, family size, education, occupation, smoking, physical activity, consumption of vegetables and or fruit, food or sugary drinks, fatty foods and mental health. This research was analytical study use cross sectional design. The study used secondary data from Basic Health Research Surabaya 2007 amounted to 2191 respondents by simple random sampling. Data were analyzed with Chi-square test and logistic regression. Result of analysis showed that risk factors of abdominal obesity were age 35–64 years, female gender and married or divorced status, level of education ≤ SMA and consume fatty food regularly. The most influential risk factors are female. Increasing knowledge, physical activity, and reducing fat intake can prevent the risk of abdominal obesity.Keyword: abdominal obesity, productive age, lifestyle, female

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk of Polypharmacy among Community-Dwelling, Elderly Kuwaiti Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil Ahmed Badawy ◽  
Shokria Adely Labeeb ◽  
Mawaheb Falah Alsamdan ◽  
Badria Faleh Alazemi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Study Population

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of polypharmacy in community-dwelling, older Kuwaiti patients, describe the number and types of drugs used, and identify risk factors associated with polypharmacy. Subjects and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey in which we interviewed 500 community-dwelling Kuwaiti adults over 65 years of age. The data collection occurred during a 4-month period from March to July 2017. Results: Fifty-two percent (n = 260) of the patients were males, with a mean age of 71.73 ± 5.32 years. The prevalence of polypharmacy (5–8 drugs) and excessive polypharmacy (>8 drugs) was 58.4% (n = 292) and 10.2% (n = 51), respectively. The risk factors associated with an increased number of medicines used were: female gender (p = 0.019), a lower level of education (p = 0.003), a high number of hospital admissions (p = 0.000), clinics visited by the patient (p =0.000), and number of comorbidities (p = 0.000). The most commonly used medications (82.6% of the study population) were blood glucose-lowering agents, excluding insulin. Other commonly used medications were antihypertensive drugs and lipid-modifying agents. Conclusion: A significant sector of the older Kuwaiti patient population has a high prevalence of polypharmacy and is thus exposed to its potential hazards. The current study highlights the need to revise the drug-dispensing policy among community-dwelling, older Kuwaiti people, as well as to initiate educational programs among healthcare practitioners concerning prescribing issues in older individuals.

Risk Factors Related to Binge Drinking

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 367-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Suk Chung ◽  
Kyoung Hwa Joung
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Smoking Initiation ◽  
Current Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Korean Adolescents ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past ◽  
Youth Risk Behavior

The characteristics of and risk factors associated with binge drinking among South Korean and American adolescents were identified in this study. Data on adolescents in the 9th to 12th grades were extracted from two nationwide data sets: the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey System and the U.S. Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System. Binge drinking was observed among 16% of American adolescents during the past month and among 11.6% of Korean adolescents during the past year. For adolescents from both countries, the following seven similar significant factors were associated with binge drinking: female gender, higher grade, fighting-related injury experience, current cigarette smoking, preteen smoking initiation, participation in team sports, and depression. Among Korean adolescents, higher or lower level of academic achievement and inadequate sleep were additional unique factors associated with binge drinking. These results could be useful for developing interventions for adolescents engaging in binge drinking in both countries.

scholarly journals Mental Health of People in State Quarantine during COVID-19 Situation in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sukjai Charoensuk ◽  
Kanyawee Mokekhaow ◽  
Duanphen Channarong ◽  
Chariya Sonpugdee
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

When the COVID-19 outbreak spread across the globe, Thailand was the first country to report a COVID patient outside of China. We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study to examine the mental health condition and the risk factors associated with the mental health problems of people in state quarantine. Our study sample included 4,069 people who were in state quarantine in the eastern region of Thailand. We administered a stress assessment test, a depression screening questionnaire, a suicidal risks screening tool and a COVID-19 anxiety screening scale, which were developed by the Department of Mental Health, Thailand. We found that most people in state quarantine reported a moderate level of COVID-19 anxiety, a mild level of stress, and no current risk of suicide. The risk factors associated with stress were female gender (OR = 2.290, p &lt; 0.001, 95% CI [1.687, 3.109]) and having chronic diseases (OR = 2.443, p &lt; 0.001, 95%CI [1.720, 3.470]). The factor associated with depression was female gender (OR = 1.380, p &lt; 0.001, 95%CI [1.201, 1.586]). The factors associated with risks for suicide were female gender (OR = 2.059, p &lt; 0.001, 95%CI [1.553, 2.729]) and having chronic diseases (OR = 2.128, p &lt; 0.001, 95%CI [1.510, 2.998]). The factors associated with COVID-19 anxiety were female gender (OR = 1.469, p &lt; 0.001, 95%CI [1.294, 1.669]) and having chronic diseases (OR = 1.329, p = 0.011, 95%CI [1.066, 1.657]). A system to screen for mental health problems and rapid assistance offered to people in state quarantine who are at risk of mental health problems are recommended to reduce the severity of the problems.

scholarly journals Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a multi-ethnic cohort of United Kingdom healthcare workers: a prospective nationwide cohort study (UK-REACH)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A Martin ◽  
Daniel Pan ◽  
Carl Melbourne ◽  
Lucy Teece ◽  
Avinash Aujayeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Hospital Inpatient ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Occupational Factors ◽  
Factors Associated

Introduction Healthcare workers (HCWs), particularly those from ethnic minority groups, have been shown to be at disproportionately higher risk of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) compared to the general population. However, there is insufficient evidence on how demographic and occupational factors influence infection risk among ethnic minority HCWs. Methods We analysed data from the United Kingdom Research study into Ethnicity And COVID-19 Outcomes in Healthcare workers (UK-REACH) cohort study. We used logistic regression to examine associations of demographic, household and occupational predictor variables with SARS-CoV-2 infection (defined by PCR, serology or suspected COVID-19) in a diverse group of HCWs. Results 2,496 of the 10,772 HCWs (23.2%) who worked during the first UK national lockdown in March 2020 reported previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. In an adjusted model, demographic and household factors associated with increased odds of infection included younger age, living with other key workers and higher religiosity. Important occupational risk factors associated with increased odds of infection included attending to a higher number of COVID-19 positive patients (aOR 2.49, 95%CI 2.03—3.05 for ≥21 patients per week vs none), working in a nursing or midwifery role (1.35, 1.15—1.58, compared to doctors), reporting a lack of access to personal protective equipment (1.27, 1.15 — 1.41) and working in an ambulance (1.95, 1.52—2.50) or hospital inpatient setting (1.54, 1.37 — 1.74). Those who worked in Intensive Care Units were less likely to have been infected (0.76, 0.63—0.90) than those who did not. Black HCWs were more likely to have been infected than their White colleagues, an effect which attenuated after adjustment for other known predictors. Conclusions We identified key sociodemographic and occupational risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection amongst UK HCWs, and have determined factors that might contribute to a disproportionate odds of infection in HCWs from Black ethnic groups. These findings demonstrate the importance of social and occupational factors in driving ethnic disparities in COVID-19 outcomes, and should inform policies, including targeted vaccination strategies and risk assessments aimed at protecting HCWs in future waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Trial registration: ISRCTN 11811602

scholarly journals Fatores de risco associados à hipertensão arterial em idosos

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Suzane Albuquerque dos Santos Fukahori ◽  
Camila Gomes de Moura Nascimento ◽  
Simone Lugon da Silva Almeida ◽  
João Victor Batista Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Perception Of Health

<p>A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica é uma condição clínica com múltiplas causas e é definida por níveis elevados e sustentados de pressão arterial, sendo considerada uma das principais doenças crônicas não transmissíveis que acometem a população idosa. Objetivou-se identificar os fatores de risco associados à hipertensão arterial em idosos. O presente trabalho trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, com busca realizada na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, por meio das bases de dados LILACS, BDENF e MEDLINE, associados ao repositório SciELO, entre os anos de 2010 e 2015, com a utilização dos descritores combinados e síntese dos dados por meio de tabulações. Foram evidenciados como fatores de risco à hipertensão arterial nos idosos: a própria senilidade, o sexo feminino, excesso de peso, pior autopercepção de saúde, não adesão ao tratamento, incapacidade funcional, depressão e a inatividade física. Os resultados mostram o papel dos fatores de riscos para o desenvolvimento e complicações da hipertensão, todavia também são sinais para a detecção precoce e para a ampliação das intervenções de medidas de prevenção e controle nas diversas esferas de atendimento em saúde.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Risk factors associated with arterial hypertension in elderly</em></strong></p><pre><strong>Abstract: </strong>Systemic Arterial Hypertension is a clinical condition with multiple causes and is defined by elevated and sustained blood arterial pressure levels, being considered one of the main chronic non transmissible diseases that affect the elderly population. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with hypertension in the elderly. The present article deals with an integrative review, with a search carried out in the Virtual Health Library, through the LILACS, BDENF and MEDLINE databases, associated with the SciELO repository, between 2010 and 2015 years, using the descriptors combined and synthesis of the data by through tabulations. Senility, female gender, overweight, worse self-perception of health, non-adherence to treatment, functional disability, depression and physical inactivity were evidenced as risk factors for hypertension in the elderly. The results show the role of risk factors for the development and complications of hypertension, but they are also signals for the early detection and for the expansion of the interventions of prevention and control measures in the different health care spheres.</pre>

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence and Hypertension: Recent Advances and Future Outlook

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 967-974
Author(s):  
Thanat Chaikijurajai ◽  
Luke J Laffin ◽  
Wai Hong Wilson Tang
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Medication Regimen ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Abstract Prevention and treatment of hypertension (HTN) are a challenging public health problem. Recent evidence suggests that artificial intelligence (AI) has potential to be a promising tool for reducing the global burden of HTN, and furthering precision medicine related to cardiovascular (CV) diseases including HTN. Since AI can stimulate human thought processes and learning with complex algorithms and advanced computational power, AI can be applied to multimodal and big data, including genetics, epigenetics, proteomics, metabolomics, CV imaging, socioeconomic, behavioral, and environmental factors. AI demonstrates the ability to identify risk factors and phenotypes of HTN, predict the risk of incident HTN, diagnose HTN, estimate blood pressure (BP), develop novel cuffless methods for BP measurement, and comprehensively identify factors associated with treatment adherence and success. Moreover, AI has also been used to analyze data from major randomized controlled trials exploring different BP targets to uncover previously undescribed factors associated with CV outcomes. Therefore, AI-integrated HTN care has the potential to transform clinical practice by incorporating personalized prevention and treatment approaches, such as determining optimal and patient-specific BP goals, identifying the most effective antihypertensive medication regimen for an individual, and developing interventions targeting modifiable risk factors. Although the role of AI in HTN has been increasingly recognized over the past decade, it remains in its infancy, and future studies with big data analysis and N-of-1 study design are needed to further demonstrate the applicability of AI in HTN prevention and treatment.

Prevalence and Associated Factors for Episodic and Chronic Daily Headache in the Colombian Population

Cephalalgia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Rueda-Sánchez ◽  
LA Diaz-Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Daily Headache ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Episodic Headache ◽  
Daily Headache

There are multiple risk factors for chronic daily headache (CDH), but they are usually assessed in an isolated form without an adequate control for confounders. CDH is considered a variant of episodic headache, but studies have not gathered enough evidence to evaluate simultaneously CDH and episodic in the same population. We set out to establish simultaneously the factors associated with chronic daily or episodic headache in a population setting, using a cross-sectional survey in a random sample of 1505 adult urban inhabitants (Bucaramanga, Colombia). The survey asked questions about headache, family and personal history of disease, and consumption or abuse of caffeine, alcohol, hypnotics and analgesics. The association among independent variables and CDH or episodic headache was made with multinomial logistic regression. Female gender, arterial hypertension or cranial trauma history, and a high score in the depression scale are associated with episodic headache and CDH. Parents with CDH, the complaint of multiple arousals during sleep and use of hypnotics are associated with CDH, but not with episodic headache. Age < 36 years, alcoholism and snoring are factors associated only with episodic headache. Chronic daily headache and episodic headache have several common risk factors, but there are other factors not shared by both conditions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of burnout and other psychological aspects in medical staff working in the Covid-19 ward and comparison with non-Covid-19 wards

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has put unprecedented pressure on staff, and many are suffering from mental disorders and burnout. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate burnout and other psychological aspects in medical staff working in the Covid-19 ward and comparison with non-Covid-19 wards. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted from 10 December 2020 to 16 April 2021 in the province of Qazvin. A total of 384 respondents (187 people in Covid-19 wards and 197 people in non- Covid-19 wards) were selected to participate in the study using the convenience sample method. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) were distributed online to all participants. Moreover, sociodemographic data and occupational conditions were collected and analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. Results: Medical staff working in Covid-19 wards had significantly higher GHQ scores compared to non-Covid-19 wards (29.82 ± 11.07 vs. 25.76 ± 11.83, p <.001, respectively). Risk factors associated with GHQ included jobs of nurses, physicians, and more shifts (p <.05). In terms of burnout subscales, the medical staff working in Covid-19 wards had significantly more depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and lower individual performance (p <0.05). Risk factors associated with the burnout subscales included the female gender, being a nurse, being a physician, having children, confirming an infection, and changing jobs during the Covid-19 pandemic (p <0.05). Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that individual variables, along with the prevalence of Covid-19, can affect the psychological consequences of the medical staff and be considered as a risk factor for each of them.

scholarly journals Impact of completion of primary biliary procedure on outcome of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic related perforation

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (08) ◽  
pp. E706-E709 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Srivastava ◽  
B. Sharma ◽  
A. Puri ◽  
S. Sachdeva ◽  
L. Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Benign Disease ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Therapeutic Ercp ◽  
Needle Knife ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background and aims Perforation is one of the worst complications of therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We aimed to study the epidemiology of ERCP related perforation and the impact of completion of intended procedure on the outcome of this complication. Methods ERCP records from January 2007 to April 2012 were independently evaluated by two investigators for the occurrence of procedure related perforations. A total of 11 500 patients underwent therapeutic ERCP during the study period. The case records of 171 (1.5 %) patients with ERCP related perforations were reviewed to analyze the epidemiology and risk factors associated with poor outcome. Results Of the 171 patients included in this study, the majority of perforations (n = 129, 75.4 %) were related to use of the needle-knife precut technique. Female gender (1.9 % vs 0.7 %, P < 0.001), age > 40 years (1.7 % vs 1.1 %, P < 0.01), and benign disease (1.7 % vs. 1.1 %, P < 0.01) were risk factors for ERCP related perforation. Most of the perforations (n = 135, 79 %) were detected during the procedure. The majority of patients were managed conservatively (n = 164, 96 %). Although 159 patients recovered, 12 patients (7 %) did not survive. Completion of intended biliary procedure for primary disease was associated with low risk of mortality (2 % vs 15.4 %, P < 0.001). Conclusions ERCP related perforation is uncommon. The majority of patients can be managed conservatively. The risk of mortality is low and completion of the intended biliary procedure decreases the risk of mortality.

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