scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk of Polypharmacy among Community-Dwelling, Elderly Kuwaiti Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil Ahmed Badawy ◽  
Shokria Adely Labeeb ◽  
Mawaheb Falah Alsamdan ◽  
Badria Faleh Alazemi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Study Population

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of polypharmacy in community-dwelling, older Kuwaiti patients, describe the number and types of drugs used, and identify risk factors associated with polypharmacy. Subjects and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey in which we interviewed 500 community-dwelling Kuwaiti adults over 65 years of age. The data collection occurred during a 4-month period from March to July 2017. Results: Fifty-two percent (n = 260) of the patients were males, with a mean age of 71.73 ± 5.32 years. The prevalence of polypharmacy (5–8 drugs) and excessive polypharmacy (>8 drugs) was 58.4% (n = 292) and 10.2% (n = 51), respectively. The risk factors associated with an increased number of medicines used were: female gender (p = 0.019), a lower level of education (p = 0.003), a high number of hospital admissions (p = 0.000), clinics visited by the patient (p =0.000), and number of comorbidities (p = 0.000). The most commonly used medications (82.6% of the study population) were blood glucose-lowering agents, excluding insulin. Other commonly used medications were antihypertensive drugs and lipid-modifying agents. Conclusion: A significant sector of the older Kuwaiti patient population has a high prevalence of polypharmacy and is thus exposed to its potential hazards. The current study highlights the need to revise the drug-dispensing policy among community-dwelling, older Kuwaiti people, as well as to initiate educational programs among healthcare practitioners concerning prescribing issues in older individuals.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Abdominal Obesity in the Productive Age in Surabaya

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Fani Kusteviani
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Sugary Drinks ◽  
Fat Deposits

Obesity has become a public health and nutrition issues the world both developed countries and developing countries, including Indonesia. Abdominal obesity is one type of obesity where there is abdominal fat deposits as measured by waist circumference. Abdominal obesity is more at risk of health problems such as diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, hypertension and cardiovascular disease than general obesity. Behavioral and environmental factors as well as genetic plays a role in the onset of abdominal obesity. The purpose of the study was to analyze factors associated with abdominal obesity in the productive age (15–64 years) in Surabaya. The independent variables used were age, sex, marital status, family size, education, occupation, smoking, physical activity, consumption of vegetables and or fruit, food or sugary drinks, fatty foods and mental health. This research was analytical study use cross sectional design. The study used secondary data from Basic Health Research Surabaya 2007 amounted to 2191 respondents by simple random sampling. Data were analyzed with Chi-square test and logistic regression. Result of analysis showed that risk factors of abdominal obesity were age 35–64 years, female gender and married or divorced status, level of education ≤ SMA and consume fatty food regularly. The most influential risk factors are female. Increasing knowledge, physical activity, and reducing fat intake can prevent the risk of abdominal obesity.Keyword: abdominal obesity, productive age, lifestyle, female

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Early Breastfeeding Jaundice: How Can Gynecologists and Nurses be Effective in Reducing It?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheila Siroosbakht ◽  
Ali Reza Aminian ◽  
Bijan Rezakhaniha
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Neonatal Jaundice ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breastfeeding Education ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Rh Incompatibility ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Neonatal Problems

Background: Neonatal jaundice is one of the most common neonatal problems. About 60% of term and 80% of preterm neonates have jaundice. Objectives: Due to the high prevalence of early neonatal jaundice, which can lead to mothers’ concerns and even hospitalization of neonates, we decided to study the frequency and risk factors of breast feeding jaundice to determine the role of gynecologists and nurses in the development of this type of jaundice. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The sampling method was by convenience. Study populations included one hundred terms, exclusively breastfed neonates aged equal or less than seven days with jaundice who were admitted in Golestan and Khanevadeh hospitals Tehran, Iran from July 2019 to January 2020. Results: The percentage of causes of jaundice in the study population was 65% non-breastfeeding jaundice (29 male, 36 female), including 36% blood group incompatibility, 19% Rh incompatibility and 10% G6PD deficiency. The amount of breast feeding jaundice was 35% (18 male, 17 female). The most significant factors in breastfeeding jaundice were: use of water or sugar water, depressed nipple, mother’s unwillingness to breastfeed; inappropriate breastfeeding technique, and birth weight < 2500 g. Conclusions: The high prevalence of breastfeeding jaundice indicates that policies of breastfeeding education need to be revised. Breastfeeding education before delivery, attention of gynecologists to breast problems of mothers during pregnancy, professional coordination of nurses and physicians for effective breastfeeding training, and early mothers’ revisit after the initial discharge of neonates can reduce the frequency of breastfeeding jaundice and readmission of neonates.

Frequency and risk factors for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder and depression in older individuals with HIV in northeastern Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1648-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Murilo Maciel Fernandes Filho ◽  
Heloísa Ramos Lacerda de Melo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorder ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Older Population ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACTBackground: The study was undertaken to describe the frequency of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) and depressive symptoms in an older population with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of patients aged 50 years or older infected with HIV was carried out in an outpatient setting in Brazil from March to November 2008. Patients selected were submitted to cognitive evaluation using the Mini-Mental State Examination and International HIV Dementia Scale, and also to functional and depression evaluations.Results: Among the 52 patients evaluated, the frequency of neurocognitive disorder was 36.5%, while for dementia the frequency was 13.5%. No risk factors were identified. Among the patients with cognitive impairment, 73.7% had cortical impairment. The frequency of depressive symptoms was of 34.6%. The female gender was identified as a risk factor (p = 0.018) and patients with depressive symptoms had greater functional impairment (p < 0.001).Conclusion: HAND and depressive symptoms are common in an older population. Patients with cognitive impairment achieved lower scores on the cortical assessment scales. Depressive symptoms are a stronger factor for functional impairment.

scholarly journals Mental Health of People in State Quarantine during COVID-19 Situation in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sukjai Charoensuk ◽  
Kanyawee Mokekhaow ◽  
Duanphen Channarong ◽  
Chariya Sonpugdee
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

When the COVID-19 outbreak spread across the globe, Thailand was the first country to report a COVID patient outside of China. We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study to examine the mental health condition and the risk factors associated with the mental health problems of people in state quarantine. Our study sample included 4,069 people who were in state quarantine in the eastern region of Thailand. We administered a stress assessment test, a depression screening questionnaire, a suicidal risks screening tool and a COVID-19 anxiety screening scale, which were developed by the Department of Mental Health, Thailand. We found that most people in state quarantine reported a moderate level of COVID-19 anxiety, a mild level of stress, and no current risk of suicide. The risk factors associated with stress were female gender (OR = 2.290, p &lt; 0.001, 95% CI [1.687, 3.109]) and having chronic diseases (OR = 2.443, p &lt; 0.001, 95%CI [1.720, 3.470]). The factor associated with depression was female gender (OR = 1.380, p &lt; 0.001, 95%CI [1.201, 1.586]). The factors associated with risks for suicide were female gender (OR = 2.059, p &lt; 0.001, 95%CI [1.553, 2.729]) and having chronic diseases (OR = 2.128, p &lt; 0.001, 95%CI [1.510, 2.998]). The factors associated with COVID-19 anxiety were female gender (OR = 1.469, p &lt; 0.001, 95%CI [1.294, 1.669]) and having chronic diseases (OR = 1.329, p = 0.011, 95%CI [1.066, 1.657]). A system to screen for mental health problems and rapid assistance offered to people in state quarantine who are at risk of mental health problems are recommended to reduce the severity of the problems.

Prevalence and Associated Factors for Episodic and Chronic Daily Headache in the Colombian Population

Cephalalgia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Rueda-Sánchez ◽  
LA Diaz-Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Daily Headache ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Episodic Headache ◽  
Daily Headache

There are multiple risk factors for chronic daily headache (CDH), but they are usually assessed in an isolated form without an adequate control for confounders. CDH is considered a variant of episodic headache, but studies have not gathered enough evidence to evaluate simultaneously CDH and episodic in the same population. We set out to establish simultaneously the factors associated with chronic daily or episodic headache in a population setting, using a cross-sectional survey in a random sample of 1505 adult urban inhabitants (Bucaramanga, Colombia). The survey asked questions about headache, family and personal history of disease, and consumption or abuse of caffeine, alcohol, hypnotics and analgesics. The association among independent variables and CDH or episodic headache was made with multinomial logistic regression. Female gender, arterial hypertension or cranial trauma history, and a high score in the depression scale are associated with episodic headache and CDH. Parents with CDH, the complaint of multiple arousals during sleep and use of hypnotics are associated with CDH, but not with episodic headache. Age < 36 years, alcoholism and snoring are factors associated only with episodic headache. Chronic daily headache and episodic headache have several common risk factors, but there are other factors not shared by both conditions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of burnout and other psychological aspects in medical staff working in the Covid-19 ward and comparison with non-Covid-19 wards

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has put unprecedented pressure on staff, and many are suffering from mental disorders and burnout. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate burnout and other psychological aspects in medical staff working in the Covid-19 ward and comparison with non-Covid-19 wards. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted from 10 December 2020 to 16 April 2021 in the province of Qazvin. A total of 384 respondents (187 people in Covid-19 wards and 197 people in non- Covid-19 wards) were selected to participate in the study using the convenience sample method. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) were distributed online to all participants. Moreover, sociodemographic data and occupational conditions were collected and analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. Results: Medical staff working in Covid-19 wards had significantly higher GHQ scores compared to non-Covid-19 wards (29.82 ± 11.07 vs. 25.76 ± 11.83, p <.001, respectively). Risk factors associated with GHQ included jobs of nurses, physicians, and more shifts (p <.05). In terms of burnout subscales, the medical staff working in Covid-19 wards had significantly more depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and lower individual performance (p <0.05). Risk factors associated with the burnout subscales included the female gender, being a nurse, being a physician, having children, confirming an infection, and changing jobs during the Covid-19 pandemic (p <0.05). Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that individual variables, along with the prevalence of Covid-19, can affect the psychological consequences of the medical staff and be considered as a risk factor for each of them.

scholarly journals Risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in rural population of Karad, Maharashtra, India: an observational study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1584
Author(s):  
Vaibhav Agrawal ◽  
Ashok Kshirsagar ◽  
Virendra Patil
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Study Population

Background: Non-communicable diseases like DM2, cardiac diseases, chronic respiratory disorders, brain disorders like stroke have created a havoc in developing countries, especially India which harbors 2nd largest population in the world. The present study was planned in this area to capture the data regarding epidemiology, risk  factors of DM2, and use this information to plan health program to formulate effective preventive measures, including raising general awareness about the disease in that geographical area.Methods: The present cross sectional study was carried out in population of Karad area of Satara district in Maharashtra state. The study duration was of 1 year, from 1st February 2018 to 1st February 2019.Results: Out of total 1100 study population in the present study, 99 (9%) were diagnosed as diabetics (DM2) while 1001 were normal/non-diabetics. Majority of the diabetic patients were of the age group 41 to 50 years. Females (47%) showed slightly more prevalence of diabetes as compared to males (53%). Majority of the diabetic patients were having sedentary lifestyle, which consisted of 69 patients (70%), which was statistically significant, as compared to non-diabetic group.Conclusion: Thus, findings of the present study amply clarifies that DM2 is on longer a disease of urban population. Its prevalence is increasing in rural population, as well. Lack of awareness, sedentary lifestyle, faulty dietary habits, etc. are some of the reasons for such high prevalence.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Risk Factors Among Women With Osteoporosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-243
Author(s):  
Dalibor Stajic ◽  
Sandra Zivanovic ◽  
Ana Miric ◽  
Marija Sekulic ◽  
Nela Djonovic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
T Score ◽  
Current State ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population

Abstract Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disorder that can be influenced by many different factors. A cross-sectional study has been conducted with the aim to assess the prevalence of risk factors as well as to identify the possible causes of improvement of the disease. Th e study population consisted of 97 women older than 35 who had previously been diagnosed with osteoporosis. Dualenergy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scan was used to determine bone mineral density (BMD) in order to assess the current state of the disease. Th e participants were asked to complete a standardized IOF (International Osteoporosis Foundation) questionnaire. According to BMD measurements, 24.7% of women had normal bone density while 18.6% had T-score lower than -2.5. Th ere was a statistically significant correlation between T-score and the history of previous bone fractures. Besides, a relatively high prevalence of certain risk factors (such as underweight, early menopause, oophorectomy, thyroid and parathyroid disorders etc.) was observed in woman with osteoporosis

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of primary sarcopenia in community-dwelling outpatient elderly: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Visaratana Therakomen ◽  
Aisawan Petchlorlian ◽  
Narisorn Lakananurak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Muscle Performance ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Activity Group

Abstract No previous study has investigated the prevalence and risk factors for primary sarcopenia in outpatient setting. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with primary sarcopenia in outpatient elderly. Additionally, we compared the severity of sarcopenia based on the 2014 and 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria. This cross-sectional study was performed in 330 subjects aged over 60 years in an outpatient setting. The muscle strength, muscle performance and muscle mass were assessed using the handheld dynamometer, 6-m gait speed, and bioelectrical impedance analysis, respectively. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 10% as per the 2014 and 2019 AWGS criteria. The development of sarcopenia was positively correlated with the age with an odds ratio (OR) of 6.87 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.63–28.88] in the middle-old group (70–79 years), and 13.71 (95%CI 3.66–51.41; p = 0.009) in the very old group (≥ 80 years). Prefrailty and low physical activity were significantly associated with sarcopenia with an OR of 4.75 (95%CI 1.90—11.89) in prefrailty, 15.35 (95%CI 1.69–139.47) in the middle activity group, and 17.99 (95%CI 1.95–165.73) in the lowest activity group. In conclusion, primary sarcopenia was found in one-tenth of outpatient elderly. Age, prefrailty, and low activity were independent factors associated with sarcopenia.

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