scholarly journals Activation of the Brain During Motor Imagination Task with Auditory Stimulation

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Li ◽  
Yanlong Zhang ◽  
Liming Fan ◽  
Jie Zhao ◽  
Jing Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Test Phase ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Imagery Task ◽  
Eeg Power Spectrum ◽  
Eeg Power ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background: Auditory feedback is one of the most important feedback in cognitive process. It plays an important guiding role in cognitive motor process. However, previous studies on auditory stimuli mainly focused on the cognitive effects of auditory stimuli on cortex, while the role of auditory feedback stimuli in motor imagery tasks is still unclear.Methods: 18 healthy subjects were recruited to complete the motor imagination task stimulated by meaningful words and meaningless words. In order to explore the role of auditory stimuli in motor imagination tasks, we studied EEG power spectrum, frontal parietal mismatch negativity (MMN) and inter test phase-locked consistency (ITPC). one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Least Significant Difference (LSD) correction were used to test the differences between the two experimental groups and the differences of different bands in each experimental group.Results: EEG power spectrum analysis showed that the activity of contralateral motor cortex was significantly increased under the stimulation of meaningful words, and the amplitude of mismatch negative wave was also significantly increased. ITPC is mainly concentrated in μ, α and γ bands in the process of motor imagery task guided by the auditory stimulus of meaningful words, while it is mainly concentrated in the β band under the meaningless words stimulation.Conclusions: This results may be due to the influence of auditory cognitive process on motor imagery. We speculate that there may be a more complex mechanism for the effect of auditory stimulation on the inter test phase lock consistency. When the stimulus sound has the corresponding meaning to the motor action, the parietal motor cortex may be more affected by the prefrontal cognitive cortex, thus changing its normal response mode. This mode change is caused by the joint action of motor imagination, cognitive and auditory stimuli. This study provides a new insight into the neural mechanism of motor imagery task guided by auditory stimuli, and provides more information on the activity characteristics of the brain network in motor imagery task by cognitive auditory feedback.

scholarly journals Neural Kinesthetic Contribution to Motor Imagery of Body Parts: Tongue, Hands, and Feet

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irini Giannopulu ◽  
Haruo Mizutani
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Imagery Task ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Person Perspective ◽  
Tongue Movements ◽  
Action Process ◽  
Equivalent Motor ◽  
Hands And Feet

Motor imagery (MI) is assimilated to a perception-action process, which is mentally represented. Although several models suggest that MI, and its equivalent motor execution, engage very similar brain areas, the mechanisms underlying MI and their associated components are still under investigation today. Using 22 Ag/AgCl EEG electrodes, 19 healthy participants (nine males and 10 females) with an average age of 25.8 years old (sd = 3.5 years) were required to imagine moving several parts of their body (i.e., first-person perspective) one by one: left and right hand, tongue, and feet. Network connectivity analysis based on graph theory, together with a correlational analysis, were performed on the data. The findings suggest evidence for motor and somesthetic neural synchronization and underline the role of the parietofrontal network for the tongue imagery task only. At both unilateral and bilateral cortical levels, only the tongue imagery task appears to be associated with motor and somatosensory representations, that is, kinesthetic representations, which might contribute to verbal actions. As such, the present findings suggest the idea that imagined tongue movements, involving segmentary kinesthetic actions, could be the prerequisite of language.

scholarly journals COMPARISONS BETWEEN MOTOR AREA EEG AND ALL-CHANNELS EEG FOR TWO ALGORITHMS IN MOTOR IMAGERY TASK CLASSIFICATION

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (03) ◽  
pp. 1450040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siuly ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Peng Wen
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Classification Performance ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Motor Area ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Imagery Task ◽  
Task Classification ◽  
Svm Algorithm ◽  
The Brain

This article reports on a comparative study to identify electroencephalography (EEG) signals during motor imagery (MI) for motor area EEG and all-channels EEG in the brain–computer interface (BCI) application. In this paper, we present two algorithms: CC-LS-SVM and CC-LR for MI tasks classification. The CC-LS-SVM algorithm combines the cross-correlation (CC) technique and the least square support vector machine (LS-SVM). The CC-LR algorithm assembles the CC technique and binary logistic regression (LR) model. These two algorithms are implemented on the motor area EEG and the all-channels EEG to investigate how well they perform and also to test which area EEG is better for the MI classification. These two algorithms are also compared with some existing methods which reveal their competitive performance during classification. Results on both datasets, IVa and IVb from BCI Competition III, show that the CC-LS-SVM algorithm performs better than the CC-LR algorithm on both the motor area EEG and the all-channels EEG. The results also demonstrate that the CC-LS-SVM algorithm performs much better for the all-channels EEG than for the motor area EEG. Furthermore, the LS-SVM-based approach can correctly identify the discriminative MI tasks, demonstrating the algorithm's superiority in classification performance over some existing methods.

Power Spectrum Estimation of the Welch Method Based on Imagery EEG

2013 ◽  
Vol 278-280 ◽  
pp. 1260-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhao ◽  
Yang He
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Spectrum Estimation ◽  
Power Spectrum Estimation ◽  
Eeg Power Spectrum ◽  
Window Functions ◽  
Welch Method ◽  
Eeg Power

Welch method is a direct evolution from the periodogram method. Periodogram method is also commonly used in the power spectrum estimation, there are some inherent shortcomings in periodogram method, such as the variance and resolution of the spectrum estimation is not good, it does not satisfy the consistency estimation conditions and so on, so this paper uses improved periodogram method (welch method) to estimate the motor imagery EEG power spectrum, with Matlab for tools, through the simulation on the experimental data, comparativing and analysising the welch method’s different spectrum estimation properties with different window functions, which provides the theoretical guidance for selecting a suitable window function and makes the welch method play a good role in the EEG feature extraction.

scholarly journals Beta and Gamma Range EEG Power-Spectrum Correlation with Spiking Discharges in DBA/2J Mice Absence Model: Role of GABAB Receptors

Epilepsia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Marrosu ◽  
Federico Santoni ◽  
Mauro Fa ◽  
Monica Puligheddu ◽  
Luigi Barberini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Gabab Receptors ◽  
Eeg Power Spectrum ◽  
Gamma Range ◽  
Spectrum Correlation ◽  
Eeg Power

Role of an Ideomotor Mechanism in Number Processing

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Badets ◽  
Iring Koch ◽  
Lucette Toussaint
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Compatibility Effect ◽  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Number Processing ◽  
Imagery Task ◽  
Production Task ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Response Task ◽  
Ideomotor Principle

The ideomotor principle predicts that the anticipation of expected sensory consequences precedes and controls voluntary goal-directed movements. Recent studies have revealed that an ideomotor mechanism could also support the link between finger movements and number processing. However, it is unknown whether such a mechanism is devoted to number processing per se, that is, without associated movement. In three experiments, we tested whether the ideomotor mechanism was also involved in a verbal number production task without associated goal-directed and motor dimensions. We tested this hypothesis in a response-effect (R-E) paradigm generally used to assess the ideomotor mechanisms. The results of Experiment 1 revealed a compatibility effect both in a stimulus-response task and an R-E task, suggesting the involvement of an ideomotor mechanism during number processing. More importantly, Experiment 2 revealed that performance in a motor imagery task correlated with the R-E compatibility effect, whereas performance in a visual imagery task did not, suggesting a distinct motor imagery contribution to R-E compatibility. Finally, Experiment 3 showed a strong R-E compatibility effect in a verbal word production task, but the correlations with motor or visual imagery tasks were not observed. Altogether, these findings suggest that ideomotor mechanisms play a specific and functional role in number processing.

The Role of Mitochondria in the Genesis of Neuroaxonal Dystrophy in the Brains of Aging Mice

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 372-373
Author(s):  
J.E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Dorsal Column ◽  
Neuroaxonal Dystrophy ◽  
Nucleus Gracilis ◽  
Dystrophic Axons ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Nucleus Cuneatus

Although neuroaxonal dystrophy (NAD) has been examined by light and electron microscopy for years, the nature of the components in the dystrophic axons is not well understood. The present report examines nucleus gracilis and cuneatus (the dorsal column nuclei) in the brain stem of aging mice.Mice (C57BL/6J) were sacrificed by aldehyde perfusion at ages ranging from 3 months to 23 months. Several brain areas and parts of other organs were processed for electron microscopy.At 3 months of age, very little evidence of NAD can be discerned by light microscopy. At the EM level, a few axons are found to contain dystrophic material. By 23 months of age, the entire nucleus gracilis is filled with dystrophic axons. Much less NAD is seen in nucleus cuneatus by comparison. The most recurrent pattern of NAD is an enlarged profile, in the center of which is a mass of reticulated material (reticulated portion; or RP).

Fibrinolytic Activity of Cerebro-Spinal Fluid and the Development of Artificial Cerebral Haematomas in Dogs

1969 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 294-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Mihara ◽  
T Fujii ◽  
S Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Trans Form ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Fibrin Plate ◽  
The Brain

SummaryBlood was injected into the brains of dogs to produce artificial haematomas, and paraffin injected to produce intracerebral paraffin masses. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood samples were withdrawn at regular intervals and their fibrinolytic activities estimated by the fibrin plate method. Trans-form aminomethylcyclohexane-carboxylic acid (t-AMCHA) was administered to some individuals. Genera] relationships were found between changes in CSF fibrinolytic activity, area of tissue damage and survival time. t-AMCHA was clearly beneficial to those animals given a programme of administration. Tissue activator was extracted from the brain tissue after death or sacrifice for haematoma examination. The possible role of tissue activator in relation to haematoma development, and clinical implications of the results, are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document