scholarly journals Time To Discharge and Its Predictors Among Admitted Patients in Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital North-West Ethiopia, a Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afework Orcho ◽  
Gebretsadik Keleb ◽  
Tewodros Getnet
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Weibull Model ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Incidence Density ◽  
Bivariate Analysis

Abstract Background Hospital long stay is a serious social and economic problem, leading to elevated medical expenses, increased workload, and financial burden. Patients’ discharge time was different in admitted patients in hospitals. In Ethiopia, there was limited evidence why the patients' length of stay is different in roughly the same condition. Objective This study aimed to determine a time to discharge and its predictors among admissions in Felege Hiwot Hospital in Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020 G.C Methods Prospective cohort study was conducted among 812 systematically selected study participants. The data collected using standardized questionary was entered into EPI DATA and exported into STATA for analysis. Appropriate descriptive statistics were stated. Incidence density to estimate time to discharge, and life table and Kaplan Meier curve to determine the cumulative survival of patients in the wards were used. Cox proportional hazard (Weibull) model was used to examine predictors of discharge. Variables from bivariate analysis with p<0.25 were a candidate for the final model. Adjusted Hazard Ratio with their 95% CI at p<0.05 was used to predict discharge. Model fitness was checked. Results A total of 812 admitted patients participated in the study giving a total response rate of 95%. Fifty-five presents were females; the median age was 32. The total times at admission wards in medical were 1827and in surgical 2050 days. The incidence densities of discharge in medical and surgical wards were 361/1827 and 359/2050-person days respectively. The median time to discharge of all participant admission was four days. Predictors of discharge were age (AHR 1.04(95% CI 1,02-1.06)), family care (AHR .69(.51-.94)), admission source (AHR 2.07(1.39-2.90)), admission time (AHR .57(.49-.67)). Lab.-result delay (AHR .67(.55-.81)), radiological result delay (AHR .78 (.64-.95)), presence of comorbidity (AHR.50(.42-.60)), disease burden group (AHR 2.15(1.84-2.66)), specialty (AHR 0.66 (0.56-0.78)), nurse-to-patient ratio (AHR 1.95 (1.57-2.43)), and medication adherence (AHR 2.83(2.29-3.51). Conclusion Surgical admitted patients discharged in longer time than medical. It is important to emphasize good communication of respective specialties on the lab. and radiology result test waiting time and also teaching the benefit of medication adherence to the patients.

scholarly journals Nurse-led PrEP-RN clinic: a prospective cohort study exploring task-Shifting HIV prevention to public health nurses

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e040817
Author(s):  
Patrick O'Byrne ◽  
Amanda Vandyk ◽  
Lauren Orser ◽  
Marlene Haines
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Risk Criteria

ObjectiveTo report the results of a nurse-led pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) delivery service.DesignThis was a prospective cohort study conducted from 5 August 2018 to 4 March 2020. It involved manual chart review to collect data. Variables were described using frequencies and percentages and analysed using χ2 testing. Those significant in bivariate analysis were retained and entered into a binary multiple logistic regression. Hierarchical modelling was used, and only significant factors were retained.SettingThis study occurred in an urban public health unit and community-based sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic in Ottawa, Canada.ParticipantsOf all persons who were diagnosed with a bacterial STI in Ottawa and everyone who presented to our STI clinic during the study period, there were 347 patients who met our high-risk criteria for PrEP; these criteria included patients who newly presented with any of the following: HIV contacts, diagnosed with a bacterial STI or single use of HIV PEP. Further, eligibility could be determined based on clinical judgement. Patients who met the foregoing criteria were appropriate for PrEP-RN, while lower-risk patients were referred to elsewhere. Of the 347 patients who met our high-risk criteria, 47% accepted and 53% declined. Of those who accepted, 80% selected PrEP-registered nurse (RN).Primary and secondary outcome measuresUptake, acceptance, engagement and attrition factors of participants who obtained PrEP through PrEP-RN.Findings69% of participants who were eligible attended their intake PrEP-RN visit. 66% were retained in care. Half of participants continued PrEP and half were lost to follow-up. We found no significant differences in the uptake, acceptance, engagement and attrition factors of participants who accessed PrEP-RN regarding reason for referral, age, ethnicity, sexual orientation, annual income, education attainted, insurance status, if they have a primary care provider, presence or absence of depression or anxiety and evidence of newly acquired STI during the study period.ConclusionsNurse-led PrEP is an appropriate strategy for PrEP delivery.

scholarly journals Deep Venous Thrombosis Recurrence and Its Predictors at Selected Tertiary Hospitals in Ethiopia: A Prospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 107602962094107
Author(s):  
Abera Mulatu ◽  
Tsegaye Melaku ◽  
Legese Chelkeba
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Recurrent Event ◽  
Incidence Density ◽  
Proximal Site ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a common clinical problem associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Knowledge of the global burden of DVT recurrence is deficient in Africa, including Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to assess deep venous thrombosis recurrence and its predictors at selected tertiary hospitals in Ethiopia. Prospective cohort study was conducted among hospitalized DVT patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. To identify the independent predictors of DVT-recurrence, multiple stepwise-backward Cox-regression analysis was done. Statistical significance was considered at P value < .05. A total of 129 participants were included (65.1% females) with mean ± SD age of 38.63 ± 17.67 years. About 26.4% of patients developed recurrent venous thromboembolism. Pulmonary embolism accounted for 17.60% of recurrent event. The overall incidence density of DVT recurrence was 2.99 per 1000 person-days. The mean ± SD survival time to DVT recurrence was 42.03 ± 22.371 days. Age ≥ 50 years (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR]: 5.566; 95% CI: 1.587-19.518; P = .007), occasional alcohol consumption (AHR: 2.011; 95% CI: 1.307-6.314; P = .019), surgical history (AHR: 6.218; 95% CI: 1.540-25.104; P = .010), pregnancy (AHR: 2.0911; 95% CI: 1.046-4.179; P = .037), diabetes mellitus (AHR: 8.048; 95% CI: 2.494-25.966; P < .001), unmet activated partial thromboplastin time target after 24 hours of heparin (AHR: 1.129; 95% CI: 0.120-10.600; P = .011), proximal site involvement (AHR: 5.937; 95% CI: 1.300-27.110; P = .022), and previous history of DVT (AHR: 2.48; 95% CI: 1.085-11.20; P = .0002) were independent predictors of DVT recurrence. The DVT recurrence rate was high in the study area, which is even complicated with pulmonary embolism as well as death. Efforts are needed to prevent and reduce the development of DVT recurrence.

scholarly journals Role of Family support in medication adherence in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients at an outpatient setting in Nigeria: A prospective cohort study.

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
Segun Adedigba ◽  
Musa Dankyau
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Age Group

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses a global health challenge and its prevalence is rapidly increasing particularly in developing countries. Adherence to medication is important to prevent or delay complications. Family support is helpful in improving medication adherence. The study compared adherence to oral glucose lowering agents among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with good and poor family support with the overall goal of improving diabetes care. Methods: A hospital based prospective cohort study was carried out at the Outpatient Department of Bingham University Teaching Hospital, Jos, between January and April 2016. Respondents were recruited by systematic random sampling (N=132), and allocated to two groups based on family support scores. Data was collected at baseline, 4 weeks and 8 weeks. All data was analysed using Epi Info 3.5.4. Results: Medication adherence scores were generally low (5.54±1.7) among the study participants. Respondents had comparable medication adherence scores at baseline (p =0.39) and 4 weeks (p =0.75), but the difference was significant at eight weeks (p =0.01). Multiple logistic regression showed that good family support (OR 2.042; 95% CI 1.219-3.420; p =0.007), age group 45 to 54 years and age group 55-64 years (OR 3.084; 95% CI 1.113-8.543; p =0.03) were significant predictors of good medication adherence. Conclusion: Good family support is a significant predictor of good medication adherence among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

scholarly journals Rate and Predictors of Neonatal Jaundice in Northwest Ethiopia: Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 447-457
Author(s):  
Molla Yigzaw Birhanu ◽  
Aytenew Atnaf Workineh ◽  
Yalew Molla ◽  
Ermias Abebaw ◽  
Amit Arora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Neonatal Jaundice ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia
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