scholarly journals Genome-based Classification of Streptomyces Pinistramenti sp. nov., a Novel Actinomycete Isolated From a Pine Forest Soil in Poland With a Focus on Its Biotechnological and Ecological Properties

Author(s):  
Magdalena Śwecimska ◽  
Patrycja Golinska ◽  
Michael Goodfellow

Abstract A genomic-based polyphasic study was undertaken to establish the taxonomic status and biotechnological and ecological potential of a Streptomyces strain, isolate SF28T, that was recovered from the litter layer in a polish Pinus sylvestris forest. The isolate had morphological characteristics and chemotaxonomic properties consistent with its classification in the genus Streptomyces. It formed long straight chains of spores with smooth surfaces, contained LL-diaminopimelic acid and glucose and ribose in whole-organism hydrolysates, produced major proportions of straight, iso- and anteiso- fatty acids, hexa- and octa-hydrogenated menaquinones with nine isoprenoid units and had a polar lipid pattern composed of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, glycophospholipids and three uncharacterized components. Phylogenetic trees prepared using 16S rRNA gene and multilocus gene sequences of conserved housekeeping genes showed that the isolate formed a branch that was loosely associated with the type strains of several validly published Streptomyces species. A draft genome generated for the isolate was rich in natural product-biosynthetic gene clusters with the potential to produce new specialised metabolites, notably antibiotics, and stress related genes which provide an insight into how they may have adapted to the harsh conditions that prevail in acidic forest soils. A phylogenomic tree based on the genomes of the isolate and its phylogenetic neighbours confirmed that it formed a distinct lineage well separated from its closest evolutionary relatives. The isolate shared low average nucleotide index and digital DNA:DNA hybridization values with its phylogenomic neighbours and was also distinguished from them using a combination of cultural and micromorphological properties. Given this wealth of taxonomic data it is proposed that isolate SF28T (=DSM 113360T=PCM 3163T) be classified in the genus Streptomyces as Streptomyces pinistramenti sp. nov. The isolate showed pronounced antimicrobial activity, especially against fungal plant pathogens.

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Xu ◽  
Liyong Zhang ◽  
Paul H. Goodwin ◽  
Mingcong Xia ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
...  

Wheat scab caused by F. graminearum is a highly destructive disease that leads to yield reduction and mycotoxin contamination of grains. In this study, an endophytic bacterium of strain YB-130 was isolated from surface sterilized wheat spikes with scab symptoms and identified as Bacillus velezensis by whole genome annotation, 16S rRNA gene and average nucleotide identities analysis. The whole-genome sequence of strain YB-130 was obtained by PacBio sequencing. 88 putative Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes and 12 gene clusters encoding for secondary metabolites were identified in the YB-130 genome, including one gene cluster for the synthesis of lanthipeptide only found in strain YB-130 genome. In dual cultures, strain YB-130 significantly inhibited the growth of F. graminearum PH-1 and other eight fungal plant pathogens, indicating a broad antifungal activity. Furthermore, strain YB-130 was able to significantly inhibit spore morphology and hyphal development of F. graminearum PH-1. Strain YB-130 also reduced deoxynivalenol production by F. graminearum PH-1 in dual cultures, possibly due to its ability to suppress the expression of tri5, tri3, and tri8 that are required for deoxynivalenol production in F. graminearum. Overall, B. velezensis YB-130 is a promising biological control agent of both F. graminearum infection and mycotoxin production.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislava Králová ◽  
Megan Sandoval-Powers ◽  
Dorelle V. Fawwal ◽  
Kristin F. Degnes ◽  
Anna Sofia Lewin ◽  
...  

Marine environments are home to an extensive number of microorganisms, many of which remain unexplored for taxonomic novelty and functional capabilities. In this study, a slow-growing Streptomyces strain expressing unique genomic and phenotypic characteristics, P38-E01T, was described using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. This strain is part of a collection of over 8,000 marine Actinobacteria isolates collected in the Trondheim fjord of Norway by SINTEF Industry (Trondheim, Norway) and the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU, Trondheim, Norway). Strain P38-E01T was isolated from the sediments of the Trondheim fjord, and phylogenetic analyses affiliated this strain with the genus Streptomyces, but it was not closely affiliated with other described species. The closest related type strains were Streptomyces daliensis YIM 31724T (98.6%), Streptomyces rimosus subsp. rimosus ATCC 10970T (98.4%), and Streptomyces sclerotialus NRRL ISP-5269T (98.3%). Predominant fatty acids were C16:0 iso, C16:0, and Summed Feature 3, and the predominant respiratory quinones were MK-10(H6), MK-10(H4), and MK9(H4). The main polar lipids were identified as diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphoglycolipid. The whole-cell sugars were glucose, ribose, and in minor amounts, mannose. The cell wall peptidoglycan contained LL-diaminopimelic acid. The draft genome has a size of 6.16 Mb, with a %G + C content of 71.4% and is predicted to contain at least 19 biosynthetic gene clusters encoding diverse secondary metabolites. Strain P38-E01T was found to inhibit the growth of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans ATCC 90028 and a number of Gram-positive bacterial human and plant pathogens. Metabolites extracted from cultures of P38-E01T were analyzed by mass spectrometry, and it was found that the isolate produced the antifungal compound candicidin. Phenotypic and chemotaxonomic signatures, along with phylogenetic analyses, distinguished isolate P38-E01T from its closest neighbors; thus, this isolate represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces for which the name Streptomyces tardus sp. nov. (P38-E01T = CCM 9049T = DSM 111582T) is proposed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2025
Author(s):  
Xiaoxin Zhuang ◽  
Congting Gao ◽  
Chenghui Peng ◽  
Zhiyan Wang ◽  
Junwei Zhao ◽  
...  

Bacterial wilt of tomato is a destructive disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum throughout the world. An endophytic actinomycete with antagonistic activity, designated strain LD120T, was isolated from moss (Physcomitrium sphaericum (Ludw) Fuernr). The biocontrol test demonstrated that co-inoculation by the isolate and the pathogen gave the greatest biocontrol efficiency of 63.6%. Strain LD120T had morphological characteristics and chemotaxonomic properties identical to those of members of the genus Streptomyces. The diamino acid present in the cell wall was LL-diaminopimelic acid. Arabinose, glucose, rhamnose, and ribose occured in whole cell hydrolysates. The menaquinones detected were MK-9(H4), MK-9(H6), MK-9(H8), and MK-9(H2). The polar lipid profile was found to contain diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylinositol. The major cellular fatty acids were found to be iso-C16:0, iso-C17:0, anteiso-C15:0, and C16:1 ω7c. The DNA G+C content of the draft genome sequence, consisting of 7.6 Mbp, was 73.1%. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain LD120T belongs to the genus Streptomyces, with the highest sequence similarity to Streptomyces azureus NRRL B-2655T (98.97%), but phylogenetically clustered with Streptomyces anandii NRRL B-3590T (98.62%). Multilocus sequence analysis based on five other house-keeping genes (atpD, gyrB, rpoB, recA, and trpB) and the low level of DNA–DNA relatedness, as well as phenotypic differences, allowed strain LD120T to be differentiated from its closely related strains. Therefore, the strain was concluded to represent a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomycesphyscomitrii sp. nov. was proposed. The type strain was LD120T (=CCTCC AA 2018049T = DSM 110638T).


2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 3865-3871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Ozkan Baltaci ◽  
Hilal Ay ◽  
Sumeyya Akbulut ◽  
Gulsah Adiguzel ◽  
Seyda Albayrak ◽  
...  

A Gram-reaction-positive, endospore-forming bacterium, designated strain P1T, was isolated from water samples collected from Pasinler Hot Spring and characterized using a polyphasic approach to clarify its taxonomic position. Strain P1T was found to have chemotaxonomic and morphological characteristics consistent with its classification in the genus Bacillus . The strain shared the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence identity values with Bacillus thermolactis R-6488T (97.6 %) and Bacillus kokeshiiformis MO-04T (97.2 %) and formed a distinct clade with both type strains in the phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. Strain P1T could grow optimally at 55 °C and in the presence of 2 % NaCl. The organism was found to contain meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. The predominant menaquinone was determined to be MK-7. The major cellular fatty acids were identified as iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. Based upon the consensus of phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain P1T represents a novel species of the genus Bacillus , for which the name Bacillus pasinlerensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is P1T (=DSM 107529T=CECT 9885T=NCCB 100674T).


2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 3845-3851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenghui Peng ◽  
Xiaoxin Zhuang ◽  
Zhiyan Wang ◽  
Congting Gao ◽  
Junwei Zhao ◽  
...  

A novel endophytic actinomycete, designated strain p1410T, was isolated from the root of cattail pollen (Typha angustifolia L.) and characterized using a polyphasic approach. The strain had morphological characteristics and chemotaxonomic properties identical to those of members of the genus Nonomuraea . It produced spiral chains of spores on aerial mycelium as well as forming a pseudosporangium. Whole-cell hydrolysates contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, glucose, ribose and madurose. The menaquinones detected were MK-9(H2), MK-9(H4) and MK-9(H0). The major fatty acids were 10-methyl C17 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and C17 : 0. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol mannoside and an unknown glycolipid. The DNA G+C content of the draft genome sequence, consisting of 11.4 Mbp, was 70.9 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain p1410T belongs to the genus Nonomuraea with the highest sequence similarity to Nonomuraea candida HMC10T (98.6 %), but phylogenetically clustered with Nonomuraea endophytica YIM 65601T (98.4 %) and Nonomuraea longicatena NRRL 15532T (98.3 %). Based on its phenotypic characteristics, DNA–DNA relatedness and average nucleotide identity, the strain is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Nonomuraea , for which the name Nonomuraea typhae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is p1410T (=CCTCC AA 2019044T=JCM 33461T).


2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_10) ◽  
pp. 3812-3817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Soledad Vela Gurovic ◽  
Sebastian Müller ◽  
Nicole Domin ◽  
Ivana Seccareccia ◽  
Sandor Nietzsche ◽  
...  

A Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming actinomycete strain (HKI0641T) was isolated from a soil sample collected in the Black Forest, Germany. During screening for antimicrobial natural products this bacterium was identified as a producer of the antibiotic telomycin. Morphological characteristics and chemotaxonomic data indicated that the strain belonged to the genus Micromonospora . The peptidoglycan of strain HKI0641T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, and the fatty acid profile consisted predominantly of anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and C16 : 0. MK-10(H4), MK-10(H2) and MK-10 were identified as the major menaquinones. To determine the taxonomic positioning of strain HKI0641T, we computed a binary tanglegram of two rooted phylogenetic trees that were based upon 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequences. The comparative analysis of the two common classification methods strongly supported the phylogenetic affiliation with the genus Micromonospora , but it also revealed discrepancies in the assignment at the level of the genomic species. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis identified Micromonospora coxensis DSM 45161T (99.1 % sequence similarity) and Micromonospora marina DSM 45555T (99.0 %) as the nearest taxonomic neighbours, whereas the gyrB sequence of strain HKI0641T indicated a closer relationship to Micromonospora aurantiaca DSM 43813T (95.1 %). By means of DNA–DNA hybridization experiments, it was possible to resolve this issue and to clearly differentiate strain HKI0641T from other species of the genus Micromonospora . The type strains of the aforementioned species of the genus Micromonospora could be further distinguished from strain HKI0641T by several phenotypic properties, such as colony colour, NaCl tolerance and the utilization of carbon sources. The isolate was therefore assigned to a novel species of the genus Micromonospora , for which the name Micromonospora schwarzwaldensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HKI0641T ( = DSM 45708T = CIP 110415T).


2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 2124-2128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Chen ◽  
Jin-Jin Su ◽  
Yu-Zhen Wei ◽  
Qiu-Ping Li ◽  
Li-Yan Yu ◽  
...  

An actinomycete, designated CPCC 202699T, was isolated from soil in Qinghai province, China, and its taxonomic status was established. Strain CPCC 202699T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid in its peptidoglycan, arabinose and galactose as the diagnostic sugars in whole-cell hydrolysates, a phospholipid pattern consisting mainly of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine, MK-9(H4) as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C16 : 0 (18.8 %), iso-C15 : 0 (18.1 %), iso-C14 : 0 (14.2 %), C16 : 1 cis9 (10.9 %) and C17 : 1 cis9 (10.3 %) as the major fatty acids. In the phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain CPCC 202699T formed a separate branch within the genus Amycolatopsis. However, strain CPCC 202699T showed low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities (<97.0 %) with type strains of species with validly published names in the genus Amycolatopsis. On the basis of genotypic and phenotypic differences from the closest phylogenetic neighbours of strain CPCC 202699T, a novel species, Amycolatopsis xylanica sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is CPCC 202699T (=DSM 45285T =KCTC 19581T =CCM 7627T).


2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 382-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabienne Arn ◽  
David Frasson ◽  
Ivana Kroslakova ◽  
Fabio Rezzonico ◽  
Joël F. Pothier ◽  
...  

Actinomycetes strains isolated from different habitats in Switzerland were investigated for production of antibacterial and antitumoral compounds. Based on partial 16S rRNA gene sequences, the isolated strains were identified to genus level. Streptomyces as the largest genus of Actinobacteriawas isolated the most frequently. A screening assay using the OmniLog instrument was established to facilitate the detection of active compounds from actinomycetes. Extracts prepared from the cultivated strains able to inhibit Staphylococcus aureusand Escherichia coliwere further analysed by HPLC and MALDI-TOF MS to identify the produced antibiotics. In this study, the bioactive compound echinomycin was identified from two isolated Streptomycesstrains. Natural compounds similar to TPU-0037-C, azalomycin F4a 2-ethylpentyl ester, a derivative of bafilomycin A1, milbemycin-α8 and dihydropicromycin were detected from different isolated Streptomyces strains. Milbemycin-α8 showed cytotoxic activity against HT-29 colon cancer cells. The rare actinomycete,Micromonospora sp. Stup16_C148 produced a compound that matches with the antibiotic bottromycin A2. The draft genome sequence from Actinokineospora strain B136.1 was determined using Illumina and nanopore-based technologies. The isolated strain was not able to produce antibacterial compounds under standard cultivation conditions. The antiSMASH bioinformatics analyses of the genome from strain B136.1 identified biosynthetic gene clusters with identity values between 4% to 90% to known gene clusters encoding antibiotics. The combinations of cultivation conditions, screening assays, analytical methods and genome mining are important tools to characterize strains of actinomycetes for the identification of their potential to produce natural compounds with antimicrobial activity.


Author(s):  
Kiran Kirdat ◽  
Bhavesh Tiwarekar ◽  
Vipool Thorat ◽  
Shivaji Sathe ◽  
Yogesh Shouche ◽  
...  

Sugarcane Grassy Shoot (SCGS) disease is known to be related to Rice Yellow Dwarf (RYD) phytoplasmas (16SrXI-B group) which are found predominantly in sugarcane growing areas of the Indian subcontinent and South-East Asia. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of SCGS phytoplasma strains belonging to the 16SrXI-B group share 98.07 % similarity with ‘Ca. Phytoplasma cynodontis’ strain BGWL-C1 followed by 97.65 % similarity with ‘Ca. P. oryzae’ strain RYD-J. Being placed distinctly away from both the phylogenetically related species, the taxonomic identity of SCGS phytoplasma is unclear and confusing. We attempted to resolve the phylogenetic positions of SCGS phytoplasma based on the phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene (>1500 bp), nine housekeeping genes (>3500 aa), core genome phylogeny (>10 000 aa) and OGRI values. The draft genome sequences of SCGS phytoplasma (strain SCGS) and Bermuda Grass White leaf (BGWL) phytoplasma (strain LW01), closely related to ‘Ca. P. cynodontis’, were obtained. The SCGS genome was comprised of 29 scaffolds corresponding to 505 173 bp while LW01 assembly contained 21 scaffolds corresponding to 483 935 bp with the fold coverages over 330× and completeness over 90 % for both the genomes. The G+C content of SCGS was 19.86 % while that of LW01 was 20.46 %. The orthoANI values for the strain SCGS against strains LW01 was 79.42 %, and dDDH values were 22. Overall analysis reveals that SCGS phytoplasma forms a distant clade in RYD group of phytoplasmas. Based on phylogenetic analyses and OGRI values obtained from the genome sequences, a novel taxon ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma sacchari’ is proposed.


2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 1075-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leni Sun ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Wei Tian ◽  
Lunguang Yao ◽  
Zhaojin Chen ◽  
...  

A Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, motile bacterial strain, designated 3-2-2T, was isolated from field topsoil collected from a western suburb of Nanyang city, Henan province, China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain 3-2-2T was a member of the genus Bacillus and most closely related to Bacillus fortis R-6514T (98.9 % similarity), Bacillus terrae RA9T (98.0 %) and Bacillus fordii R-7190T (97.7 %). A draft genome sequence determined for strain 3-2-2T revealed a DNA G+C content of 42.2 mol%. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between 3-2-2T and the closely related Bacillus species ranged 79.4–84.2 % and 23.4–24.6 %. The major fatty acids of strain 3-2-2T were iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C14 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. meso-Diaminopimelic acid was detected in the peptidoglycan. The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified phospholipid and an unidentified lipid. The results of phylogenetic analyses, in silico genomic comparisons, and chemotaxonomic and phenotypic analyses clearly indicated that strain 3-2-2T represents a novel species within the genus Bacillus , for which the name Bacillus acidinfaciens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 3-2-2T (=CGMCC 1.13685T=LMG 30839T).


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