scholarly journals Comparing the Performance of the New Fully Automated Urine Particle Analyzer UF-5000 with UF-1000i and Gram Stain in Predicting Bacteria Growth Patterns in Women with Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Shei-Dei Yang ◽  
Chun-Chun yang ◽  
Yi-Shen Chen ◽  
Shangjen chang
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Bacterial Patterns ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Abstract BackgroudTo compare the performance of the new flow cytometer UF-5000 with UF-1000i (Sysmex, Kobe, Japan) and Gram stain in predicting the bacterial patterns in urine samples MethodsWomen with symptoms suggestive of urinary tract infection were enrolled. Mid-stream urine sample was collected for gram staining, urine analysis and urine culture. Bacterial patterns were classified though UF1000i (none, cocci bacteria or rods/mixed growth), UF-5000 (none, cocci, rods or mixed growth) and Gram stain. Results Among the 102 samples, there were 10 gram-positive cocci, 2 gram-positive bacilli, 66 gram-negative rods, and 24 mixed growth. The sensitivity/specificity of the UF-1000i was 81.8/91.1% for gram-negative rods and 23.5/96.9% for cocci/mixed. The sensitivity/specificity of the UF-5000 was 80.0/88.2% for gram negative rods and 70.0/86.5% for gram-positive cocci.ConclusionsThe UF-5000 demonstrated the good sensitivity and specificity for Gram-negative bacilli bacteria and demonstrated an improved sensitivity for detecting Gram-positive cocci.

scholarly journals A performance comparison of the fully automated urine particle analyzer UF-5000 with UF-1000i and Gram staining in predicting bacterial growth patterns in women with uncomplicated urinary tract infections

BMC Urology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Shei-Dei Yang ◽  
Chun-Chun Yang ◽  
Yi-Sheng Chen ◽  
Shang-Jen Chang
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Bacterial Patterns ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to compare the performance of the new flow cytometer UF-5000 with the UF-1000i and Gram staining for determining bacterial patterns in urine samples. Methods Women who attended our clinic with symptoms suggestive of urinary tract infection were enrolled in the study. Mid-stream urine samples were collected for gram staining, urine analysis and urine cultures. Bacterial patterns were classified using the UF-1000i (none, cocci bacteria or rods/mixed growth), the UF-5000 (none, cocci, rods or mixed growth) and Gram staining. Results Among the 102 included samples, there were 10 g-positive cocci, 2 g-positive bacilli, 66 g-negative rods, and 24 mixed growth. The sensitivity/specificity of the UF-1000i was 81.8/91.1% for gram-negative rods and 23.5/96.9% for cocci/mixed. The sensitivity/specificity of the UF-5000 was 80.0/88.2% for gram negative rods and 70.0/86.5% for gram-positive cocci. Conclusions The UF-5000 demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity for Gram-negative bacilli and demonstrated an improved sensitivity for detecting Gram-positive cocci compared with the UF-1000i.

scholarly journals Rising Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Urinary Tract Infections During Pregnancy: Necessity for Exploring Newer Treatment Options

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 098-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meher Rizvi ◽  
Fatima Khan ◽  
Indu Shukla ◽  
Abida Malik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

ABSTRACT Background: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy. The emergence of drug resistance and particularly the Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production by Escherichia coli and methicillin resistance in Staphylococci, limits the choice of antimicrobials. Materials and Methods: Patients in different stages of pregnancy with or without symptoms of urinary tract infection attending the antenatal clinic of obstetrics and gynaecology were screened for significant bacteriuria, by standard loop method on 5% sheep blood agar and teepol lactose agar. Isolates were identified by using standard biochemical tests and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: A total of 4290 (51.2%) urine samples from pregnant females showed growth on culture. Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria 3210 (74.8%) was higher than symptomatic UTI 1080 (25.2%). Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen accounting for 1800 (41.9%) of the urinary isolates. Among the gram-positive cocci, coagulase negative species of Staphylococci 270 (6.4%) were the most common pathogen. Significantly high resistance was shown by the gram negative bacilli as well as gram positive cocci to the β-lactam group of antimicrobials, flouroquinolones and aminoglycosides. Most alarming was the presence of ESBL in 846 (47%) isolates of Escherichia coli and 344 (36.9%) isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, along with the presence of methicillin resistance in 41% of Staphylococcus species and high-level aminoglycoside resistance in 45(30%) isolates of Enterococcus species. Glycopeptides and carbepenems were the only group of drugs to which all the strains of gram positive cocci and gram negative bacilli were uniformly sensitive, respectively. Conclusions: Regular screening should be done for the presence of symptomatic or asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy and specific guidelines should be issued for testing antimicrobial susceptibility with safe drugs in pregnant women so that these can be used for the treatment. For empirical treatment cefoperazone-sulbactum can be recommended, which is a safe drug, covering both gram positive and gram negative organisms and with a good sensitivity.

scholarly journals Automated Interpretation of Blood Culture Gram Stains by Use of a Deep Convolutional Neural Network

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth P. Smith ◽  
Anthony D. Kang ◽  
James E. Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

ABSTRACTMicroscopic interpretation of stained smears is one of the most operator-dependent and time-intensive activities in the clinical microbiology laboratory. Here, we investigated application of an automated image acquisition and convolutional neural network (CNN)-based approach for automated Gram stain classification. Using an automated microscopy platform, uncoverslipped slides were scanned with a 40× dry objective, generating images of sufficient resolution for interpretation. We collected 25,488 images from positive blood culture Gram stains prepared during routine clinical workup. These images were used to generate 100,213 crops containing Gram-positive cocci in clusters, Gram-positive cocci in chains/pairs, Gram-negative rods, or background (no cells). These categories were targeted for proof-of-concept development as they are associated with the majority of bloodstream infections. Our CNN model achieved a classification accuracy of 94.9% on a test set of image crops. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated a robust ability to differentiate between categories with an area under the curve of >0.98 for each. After training and validation, we applied the classification algorithm to new images collected from 189 whole slides without human intervention. Sensitivity and specificity were 98.4% and 75.0% for Gram-positive cocci in chains and pairs, 93.2% and 97.2% for Gram-positive cocci in clusters, and 96.3% and 98.1% for Gram-negative rods. Taken together, our data support a proof of concept for a fully automated classification methodology for blood-culture Gram stains. Importantly, the algorithm was highly adept at identifying image crops with organisms and could be used to present prescreened, classified crops to technologists to accelerate smear review. This concept could potentially be extended to all Gram stain interpretive activities in the clinical laboratory.

scholarly journals Multiple myeloma complicated with pseudomonas endocartiditis

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Todaro ◽  
Patrícia Weinschenker Bollmann ◽  
Amit Nussbacher ◽  
Luis Fernando Aranha Camargo ◽  
Bento Fortunato Cardoso dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Tract Infections

Patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma are more susceptible to infections which are the major causes of morbidity and mortality associated to this disease. The main infectious agents involved are Gram-positive bacteria. However, after chemotherapy an increase in the incidence of Gram-negative strains is observed. These bacteria are also responsible for most cases of urinary tract infections. Here is reported a rare case in a 73-year-old man with multiple myeloma who developed endocarditis due to pseudomonas.

scholarly journals Prevalence And Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns Of Bacteria Isolated From Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) In Children At Children Hospital In Baghdad

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Nadheema Hammood Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Background: First six to twelve months after initial urinary tract infection, most infections are caused by Escherichiacoli, although in the first year of life Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter spp andEnterococcus spp, are more frequent than later in life, and there is a higher risk of urosepsis compared with adulthood Objectives: To determine the prevalence of bacterial isolates from Urinary Tract Infections of children at a children hospital in Baghdad and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Type of the study: Cross-sectional study. Methods: During six months of study (1 June to 31 December, 2016), 117urine specimens were collected from a children hospital in Baghdad. Results: Out 38 isolates of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria were obtained from urine specimens in a percentage of 5(13.2%) and 33(86.8%),respectively. The lowest incidence was among the 11-15 years old age group (11.9%) whereas the highest incidence was among the 1-5 years old age group (43.6%)(P≤0.05).Also out of 38positive cultures, the incidence was higher in females 31(81.6%)than that of males 7(18.4%). Out of 38 positive cultures, the isolation rate was 5(13.2%) for Gram positive isolates and 33(86.8%)for Gram negative isolates. The most frequently isolated bacteria was Escherichia coli19(50%)(P-value ≤ 0.05), while the only isolated Gram positive was Staphylococcus aureus5(42.86%) isolates.The most effective antibiotics for Staphylococcus aureus isolates were Vancomycin and Amikacinfor (100%) and for Gram negative isolates wasimipenem (100%). Ampicillin showed the highest resistance rate for both Gram positive and Gram negative isolates(100%) and Pesudomonas aeruginsa isolates showed the highest resistant rates to most antibiotics under study. Conclusions: The most frequently isolated bacteria was E. coli from all urine cultures and the most effective antibiotics for Staphylococcus aureus isolates were Vancomycin and Amikacinfor

scholarly journals Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of pathogens from urinary tract infections (UTI) in a private diagnostic laboratory in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 564-569
Author(s):  
Md Habibur Rahman ◽  
Mushtaque Ahmed ◽  
Dayanidhi Sarkar ◽  
Md Asadur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the commonest infections encountered by clinicians and despite the widespread availability of antimicrobial agents UTI has become difficult to treat because of appearance pathogens with increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents. The aim and objectives of this study were to determine the pathogens causing UTI and to determine the antibiotic sensitivity status among these isolates in a diagnostic laboratory in Dhaka city. A laboratory based cross sectional survey was conducted in Popular Diagnostic Centre Ltd. Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh from July 2016 to December 2016. A total of 553 freshly voided midstream urine samples (10-20 ml) were collected in a wide mouth sterile container from patients and processed in microbiology laboratory to isolate pathogens and antibiotic susceptibility test using standard procedure. Among 553 urine sample, the culture positivity in urine samples was found to be 158 (28.57%) of which 39 (24.70%) were isolated from male patients and 119 (75.30%) from female patients. Escherichia coli (43.67%) were found to be the predominant pathogen followed by Staphylococcus spp. (16.45%), Enterococcus spp. (13.39%), Klebsiella spp. (13.29%), Candida spp. (5.70%), Acinetobacter spp. (4.43%), Psudomonas spp. (3.80%) and Proteus spp. (1.27%). Carbapenem group (Imipenem, Meropenem) were the most effective antibiotic with resistance between 0 and 5.1% of the gram negative isolates and Linezolid and Vancomycin was most effective in gram positive isolates. Nitrofurantoin was most effective both gram negative and gram positive isolates. This study finding showed That Escherichia. coli isolates were the predominant pathogens and showed increasing pattern to the commonly prescribed drugs in private practice that in turn leaves the clinicians with very few alternative options in drug for the treatment of UTIs. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2020, 6(3): 564-569

scholarly journals Bacteriological Profile of Urinary Tract Infections among Postmenopausal Women Visiting Alka Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Surendra Prasad Yadav ◽  
Puspa Raj Dahal ◽  
Shiv Nandan Sah ◽  
Vijay Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common diseases encountered worldwide and is a major public health problem in terms of morbidity and financial costs. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Alka Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal from February to July, 2014. A total of 353 midstream urine samples were collected from postmenopausal women visiting Alka Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal. The samples were examined by microscopically and culture methods. The isolated organisms were identified by conventional microbiological methods. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method according to CLSI (2011) guidelines. Among 353 urine samples processed, 32 % (113) showed significant bacteriuria. Out of 113 bacterial isolates, the prevalence of gram negative bacteria was 97.3% (110) while that of gram positive was 2.7% (3). The most predominating organisms causing UTI were Escherichia coli (84.9%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (5.3%), Enterococcus faecalis (1.7%), Providencia spp. (1.7%), Klebsiella oxytoca (1.7%), Proteus mirabilis (1.7%), Proteus vulgaris (0.9%), Citrobacter freundii (0.9%) and Staphylococcus aureus (0.9%). Antibiotic susceptibility tests of the isolates showed that, most of the gram negative bacterial isolates were sensitive to Piperacillin+Tazobactam followed by Amikacin, Imipenem and Nitrofurantoin, while they were resistant to Amoxicillin. All gram positive isolates were sensitive to Amoxicillin and resistant to Gentamycin. This study showed that higher aged postmenopausal women (>80 years) were at higher risk for UTI than those of lower aged ones (<80 years).

scholarly journals Quinolone resistance in different uropathogens isolated from urine cultures in patients with urinary tract infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Angel Almeida Villegas ◽  
Iris Mellolzy Estrada Carrillo ◽  
Rodolfo Garcia Contreras ◽  
Silvia Patricia Peña
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Tract Infections

AbstractObjectiveTo identify patterns of resistance against quinolones in various uropathogens in urinary tract infections in the population of the Toluca valley, MexicoIntroductionQuinolones are antibiotics with a spectrum of activity for both gram-positives and gram-negatives and are antibiotics used for the empirical treatment of urinary tract infections. Recently, a high index of resistance to quinolones has been reported due to different mechanisms on the part of bacteria, however the one that has taken the greatest importance is the presence of extended spectrum beta-lactamasesMethods155 samples were collected from patients with suspected urinary tract infection without exclusion criteria such as age or gender. Automated equipment was used for the identification of the etiological agent and sensitivity tests to quinolones.ResultsThe results positives were divided to evaluate which of the two antibiotics studied had greater resistance. For ciprofloxacin there are 27 resistant strains 37%, 1 strain with intermediate resistance 1% and 45 susceptible strains 62%. For levofloxacin 26 strains are resistant 36%, 41 strains are sensitive 56% and 6 strains show intermediate sensitivity 8%.ConclusionDifferent microorganisms, both gram-positive and gram-negative, were isolated and it can be observed that gram-negative strains are the ones with the greatest resistance against quinolones, mainly Escherichia coli, which produces extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, in the case of gram-positive resistance patterns are variable with a tendency towards sensitivity.

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