Bacteriological Profile of Urinary Tract Infections among Postmenopausal Women Visiting Alka Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common diseases encountered worldwide and is a major public health problem in terms of morbidity and financial costs. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Alka Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal from February to July, 2014. A total of 353 midstream urine samples were collected from postmenopausal women visiting Alka Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal. The samples were examined by microscopically and culture methods. The isolated organisms were identified by conventional microbiological methods. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method according to CLSI (2011) guidelines. Among 353 urine samples processed, 32 % (113) showed significant bacteriuria. Out of 113 bacterial isolates, the prevalence of gram negative bacteria was 97.3% (110) while that of gram positive was 2.7% (3). The most predominating organisms causing UTI were Escherichia coli (84.9%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (5.3%), Enterococcus faecalis (1.7%), Providencia spp. (1.7%), Klebsiella oxytoca (1.7%), Proteus mirabilis (1.7%), Proteus vulgaris (0.9%), Citrobacter freundii (0.9%) and Staphylococcus aureus (0.9%). Antibiotic susceptibility tests of the isolates showed that, most of the gram negative bacterial isolates were sensitive to Piperacillin+Tazobactam followed by Amikacin, Imipenem and Nitrofurantoin, while they were resistant to Amoxicillin. All gram positive isolates were sensitive to Amoxicillin and resistant to Gentamycin. This study showed that higher aged postmenopausal women (>80 years) were at higher risk for UTI than those of lower aged ones (<80 years).

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Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of pathogens from urinary tract infections (UTI) in a private diagnostic laboratory in Bangladesh

Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research ◽

10.3329/ajmbr.v6i3.49809 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 564-569

Author(s):

Md Habibur Rahman ◽

Mushtaque Ahmed ◽

Dayanidhi Sarkar ◽

Md Asadur Rahman

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Urine Samples ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Diagnostic Laboratory ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽

Tract Infections

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the commonest infections encountered by clinicians and despite the widespread availability of antimicrobial agents UTI has become difficult to treat because of appearance pathogens with increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents. The aim and objectives of this study were to determine the pathogens causing UTI and to determine the antibiotic sensitivity status among these isolates in a diagnostic laboratory in Dhaka city. A laboratory based cross sectional survey was conducted in Popular Diagnostic Centre Ltd. Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh from July 2016 to December 2016. A total of 553 freshly voided midstream urine samples (10-20 ml) were collected in a wide mouth sterile container from patients and processed in microbiology laboratory to isolate pathogens and antibiotic susceptibility test using standard procedure. Among 553 urine sample, the culture positivity in urine samples was found to be 158 (28.57%) of which 39 (24.70%) were isolated from male patients and 119 (75.30%) from female patients. Escherichia coli (43.67%) were found to be the predominant pathogen followed by Staphylococcus spp. (16.45%), Enterococcus spp. (13.39%), Klebsiella spp. (13.29%), Candida spp. (5.70%), Acinetobacter spp. (4.43%), Psudomonas spp. (3.80%) and Proteus spp. (1.27%). Carbapenem group (Imipenem, Meropenem) were the most effective antibiotic with resistance between 0 and 5.1% of the gram negative isolates and Linezolid and Vancomycin was most effective in gram positive isolates. Nitrofurantoin was most effective both gram negative and gram positive isolates. This study finding showed That Escherichia. coli isolates were the predominant pathogens and showed increasing pattern to the commonly prescribed drugs in private practice that in turn leaves the clinicians with very few alternative options in drug for the treatment of UTIs. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2020, 6(3): 564-569

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Multi Drug Resistant Pathogens Causing Urinary Tract Infections in Children at Kathmandu Model Hospital

Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society ◽

10.3126/jnps.v32i3.6771 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 233-238 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Basudha Shrestha ◽

Rajesh Lal Gurubacharya ◽

Basanta Maharjan ◽

Sanjit Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Urine Samples ◽

Effective Drug ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Tract Infections

Introduction: Antibiotic resistance of urinary tract pathogens has increased globally. Updated knowledge of the antibiotic resistance patterns of uropathogens in the health institutes is important for the selection of an appropriate empirical antimicrobial therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the multi drug resistant urinary isolates in the children from 1 to15 years and evaluate the options for empiric antibiotic therapy. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted from December 2011 to May 2012 in the Bacteriology laboratory, Kathmandu Model Hospital. Urine samples received in the laboratory were processed for routine, culture and its sensitivity. The antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates was determined following Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) recommended Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion method. Results: Of the total 372 urine samples received in the laboratory, 60 (16.13%) showed significant growth; of which 55.0 % (33/60) were MDR isolates. Escherichia coli were the predominant isolate from urine sample. Out of 49 Escherichia coli isolates, 27 (45.0%) were Multi drug resistant. Enterococcus faecalis (N=3) was the most predominant Gram positive isolate and 66.67 % (2/3) of this organism were multi drug resistant. Among the first line drugs used against gram negative isolates, nitrofurantoin was the most effective drug followed by quinolones, while among the second line drugs; meropenem was the most effective drug followed by chloramphenicol and amikacin, whereas; nitrofurantoin (100%) was the most effective drug for Gram positive isolates followed by norfloxacin and cefotaxime. Conclusion: High percentages of multi drug resistant uropathogens were revealed in children. Nitrofurantoin was found to be the most effective drug for gram positive, gram negative and multi drug resistant isolates. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v32i3.6771 J. Nepal Paediatr. SocVol.32(3) 2012 233-238

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Prevalence and Antibiograms of Uropathogens from the Suspected Cases of Urinary Tract Infections in Bharatpur Hospital, Nepal

Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal ◽

10.3126/jcmsn.v15i4.20856 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 260-266

Author(s):

Sanjib Adhikari ◽

Sujan Khadka ◽

Sanjeep Sapkota ◽

Jid Chani Rana ◽

Santosh Khanal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Susceptibility Test ◽

Effective Control ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

E Coli ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽

Tract Infections

Background: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the uropathogens among the patients attending Bharatpur Hospital. Methods: A laboratory-based cross-sectional study was carried out among the patients attending Bharatpur Hospital from December 2017 to February 2018. Aseptically collected clean catch mid-stream urine samples from 200 clinically suspected patients were cultured and processed for the identification of the uropathogens in the laboratory using standard microbiological procedures. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed for all the isolates against commonly used antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines 2017. Results: Out of 200 samples collected, 59(29.5%) of the samples showed the presence of pathogens causing urinary tract infection (UTI). Among them, 43(72.9%) were Gram-negative and 16(27.1%) were Gram-positive bacteria. UTI was found to be the most prevalent in females compared to the males and in the age group of 21-30 years. E. coli (72.0%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (50.0%) were the most predominant Gram-negative and Gram-positive isolates respectively. The isolates were resistant to cefpodoxime (54.2%) and least resistant to gentamicin (10.2%). Twenty (33.9%) isolates were found to be multi-drug resistant (MDR). Conclusions: Higher frequency of antibiotic resistance among UTI patients alerts for continuous surveillance to assure effective control of this infection. Awareness of good hygienic practice especially in females and prudent use of antibiotics in case of infection can be sug-gested. Keywords: antibiotic susceptibility test; E. coli; MDR; urine.

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Rapid diagnosis and reduced workload for urinary tract infection using flowcytometry combined with direct antibiotic susceptibility testing

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0254064 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. e0254064

Author(s):

Hanne Margrethe Gilboe ◽

Olaug Marie Reiakvam ◽

Linda Aasen ◽

Trygve Tjade ◽

Johan Bjerner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Response Time ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Susceptibility Testing ◽

Urine Samples ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Tract Infections

Background We evaluated if flowcytometry, using Sysmex UF-5000, could improve diagnosis of urinary tract infections by rapid identification of culture negative and contaminated samples prior to culture plating, thus reducing culture plating workload and response time. We also evaluated if it is possible to reduce the response time for antibiotic susceptibility profiles using the bacteria information flag on Sysmex UF-5000 to differentiate between Gram positive and negative bacteria, followed by direct Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing (dAST) on the positive urine samples. Methods One thousand urine samples were analyzed for bacteria, white blood cells and squamous cells by flowcytometry before culture plating. Results from flowcytometric analysis at different cut-off values were compared to results of culture plating. We evaluated dAST on 100 urine samples that were analyzed as positive by flowcytometry, containing either Gram positive or Gram negative bacteria. Results Using a cut-off value with bacterial count ≥100.000/mL and WBCs ≥10/μL, flowcytometry predicted 42,1% of samples with non-significant growth. We found that most contaminated samples contain few squamous cells. For 52/56 positive samples containing Gram negative bacteria dAST was identical to routine testing. Overall, there was concordance in 555/560 tested antibiotic combinations. Conclusion Flowcytometry offers advantages for diagnosis of urinary tract infections. Screening for negative urine samples on the day of arrival reduces culture plating and workload, and results in shorter response time for the negative samples. The bacteria information flag predicts positive samples containing Gram negative bacteria for dAST with high accuracy, thus Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile can be reported the day after arrival. For the positive samples containing Gram negative bacteria the concordance was very good between dAST and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing in routine. For positive samples containing Gram positive bacteria the results were not convincing. We did not find any correlation between epithelial cells and contamination.

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Antibiotics Resistance Profile of Uropathogens Isolated from Al Buraimi Hospital, Sultanate of Oman

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v10n1p98 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 98

Author(s):

Mansoor Khalid ◽

Maryam Khalifa Al Naimi ◽

Hafiz Ghulam Murtaza Saleem ◽

Muhammad Muqeet Ullah ◽

Ahmed Yar Mohammed Dawood Al Baloshi

Keyword(s):

Urine Samples ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Antibiotics Resistance ◽

Sultanate Of Oman ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Klebsiella Species ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Resistance Profile ◽

Positive Urine ◽

Tract Infections

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) is a worldwide problem of all age groups and gender. Emerging resistance to antibiotics making difficult in the choice of treatment and management of UTI cases. This study sought to determine the gender wise prevalence of common uropathogens from UTI patients and the resistance profile of uropathogens against commonly used antibiotics.METHOD: This cross sectional study was conducted in Al Buraimi Hospital, Sultanate of Oman. The data of UTI patients visited hospital was analyzed for the isolation of uropathogens from positive urine culture and antimicrobial sensitivity test was performed by disc diffusion method. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data using SPSS 21.0 and Microsoft Excel.RESULT: Total 4,480 urine samples were analyzed for isolation of uropathogens and significant bacteriuria were found in total 846 (19%) samples. Overall 728 (86%) Gram-negative and 118 (14%) Gram positive uropathogens were isolated from total (846) positive urine samples and the highest prevalence of isolates was observed in females 542(74%) than males 186(26%). E.coli was found the highest prevalent (50.3%) uropathogens followed by Klebsiella species (13.9%), Pseudomonas (6.3%), A.baumannii (4%), E.Cloacae (2.2%), Proteus species (1.4%), Citrobacter species (1.2%), M. morgani (0.3%) and Serratia species (0.1%). The highest (34.3%) antibiotic resistance was noticed in E.coli against Nalidixic Acid, however, susceptiblity was found against Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime, Ciprofloxacin and Nitrofurantoin among female and males.CONCLUSION: Overall, β- lactam antibiotics, Cephalosporins, Fluroquiolones, Macrobids would be the first line of drugs and the most effective for the empirical treatment of Gram-negative and Gram-positive uropathogens; however Aminoglycosides, Carbapenems and Polymyxin could be used for the treatment of UTI infections as the second choice.

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Bacteriology and Antibiogram of Urinary Tract Infection Among Female Patients in a Tertiary Health Facility in South Eastern Nigeria

The Open Microbiology Journal ◽

10.2174/1874285801711010292 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 292-300 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Angus N. Oli ◽

Vivian B. Akabueze ◽

Chijioke E. Ezeudu ◽

George U. Eleje ◽

Obiora S. Ejiofor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Empirical Treatment ◽

Urine Samples ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

P Value ◽

Female Patients ◽

Tract Infections

Background: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is a common contagion among men and women with the incidence relatively higher among women due to their differing anatomy. An understanding of the kind of pathogens implicated in urinary tract infections as well as antibiotic susceptibility profiling may help the clinician make rationally correct empirical choice in their treatment. Objective: This study is aimed at determining the type and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial uropathogens isolated from female patients attending Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital (COOUTH), Awka, Nigeria. Method: Two hundred and forty patients with clinically diagnosed UTI and who were on at least 5 days’ antibiotic holiday were recruited into the study. Their demographic characteristics were captured using pre-tested questionnaire. Their clean catch mid-stream urine samples were collected using sterile universal container and sent to the Microbiology Department for processing. Within 30 minutes of samples collection, the specimens were cultured and the isolates were identified, after 24 h of incubation, using standard microbiological techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were done with standard antibiotic discs using the Kirby–bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Out of the 240 urine samples, 89.17% yielded significant bacteriuria. The pathogens implicated were Escherichia coli (28.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (28.0%), Salmonella spp (22.8%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20.5%). HIV status, patients age, pregnancy status and marital status all significantly affected bacteriuria rate (p value < 0.05), while patients’ location (sub-urban/rural dwelling), and level of education did not (p value > 0.05). The pattern of microbial resistance to antibiotics suggests that ceftazidime, fosfomycin and cefoxitin may not be used as first-line agents in the empirical treatment of UTIs rather; levofloxacin, meropenem or aztreonam should be considered. Levofloxacin was significantly effective against all the isolates and may be administered empirically while waiting for the culture result (Mean % susceptibility was 79.85). Conclusion: E. coli and S. aureus were the predominant pathogens in the study and many were resistant to the commonly prescribed antibiotics and so leave the clinicians with only few alternative drugs for UTIs treatment. Routine surveillance and monitoring studies need to be constantly conducted to update clinicians on the prevalent pathogens and the rational and empirical treatment of UTIs. Aggressive and consistent health education using every possible media is also recommended to combat the menace of drug resistance occasioned by inappropriate antibiotic use.

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Childhood Septicemia in Nepal: Documenting the Bacterial Etiology and Its Susceptibility to Antibiotics

International Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2014/452648 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Shamshul Ansari ◽

Hari Prasad Nepal ◽

Rajendra Gautam ◽

Sony Shrestha ◽

Puja Neopane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Methicillin Resistance ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Microbiological Methods

Introduction. Children are among the most vulnerable population groups to contract illnesses. The varying microbiological pattern of septicemia warrants the need for an ongoing review of the causative organisms and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Therefore, the objective of this study was to document the bacterial etiology of childhood septicemia and its antibiotic susceptibility profile.Methods.Cross-sectional type of study in 1630 suspected patients was conducted at CMCTH from January 2012 to December 2013. Blood samples were collected aseptically for culture. The organisms grown were identified by standard microbiological methods recommended by American Society for Microbiology (ASM) and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing by modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Methicillin resistance was confirmed using cefoxitin and oxacillin disks methods.Results.Septicemia was detected in 172 (10.6%) cases. Among Gram-positive organisms, coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) were leading pathogen andAcinetobacterspp. were leading pathogen among Gram-negative isolates. Vancomycin, teicoplanin, and clindamycin were the most effective antibiotics against Gram-positive isolates while amikacin was effective against Gram-positive as well as Gram-negative isolates. Methicillin resistance was detected in 44.4% ofStaphylococcus aureus.Conclusions. This study has highlighted the burden of bacterial etiology for septicemia among children in a tertiary care center of central Nepal.

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Bacterial Pattern of Community acquired Urinary Tract Infections: A Challenge for Antimicrobial Resistance

10.51429/ejmm30320 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 153-162

Author(s):

Nader A. Nemr ◽

Rania M. Kishk ◽

Mohammed Abdou ◽

Hassnaa Nassar ◽

Noha M Abu bakr Elsaid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

E Coli ◽

Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is considered one of the most common bacterial infections seen in health care. To our knowledge, there is no available antimicrobial resistance surveillance system for monitoring of community-acquired UTIs (CA- UTIs) in our country. Objectives: we aimed to discuss the bacterial pattern and resistance profile of CA-UTIs in Ismailia, Egypt. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 400 patients suffering from symptoms of acute UTIs. Urine specimens were collected by clean-catch mid-stream method, examined microscopically and inoculated immediately on blood agar and MacConkey's agar plates. Colony counting, isolation and identification of the urinary pathogens were performed by the conventional biochemical tests according to the isolated organism. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Interpretation was performed according to Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: out of 400 specimens, 136 of them revealed no bacterial growth or insignificant bacteriuria. Most of participants with UTI were females (81.8%) (p=0.008) and 54.5% of them were married (P=0.1). Gram negative bacteria were more common than Gram positive representing 66 % and 34% respectively. E. coli was the most common isolated organism (39%) followed by S. aureus (32%), K. Pneumoniae and Pseudomonas (10.5% for each), Proteus (6%) and Enterococci (2%). E. coli isolates showed the highest susceptibility to imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, nitrofurantoin, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Most of our patients were diabetics (64.8%) (p=0.004). The mean ± SD of HbA1c was 6.4±2.0 with 4 to 12.6 range, S.E was 0.1 and 95% C.I was 6.2- 6.7. The highest mean ± SD of HbA1c was in S. aureus infections. Conclusion: Gram negative bacteria were most common than Gram positive with predominance of E. coli with significant relation to the presence of diabetes.

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Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Uropathogens Isolated from Female Patients with Urinary Tract Infection in Duhok Province, Iraq

Jundishapur Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.5812/jjhs.105146 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Ibrahim A Naqid ◽

Nawfal R Hussein ◽

Amer Balatay ◽

Kurdistan A Saeed ◽

Hiba A Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Empirical Therapy ◽

Urine Samples ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Female Patients ◽

Tract Infections

Background: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are one of the most common bacterial infections worldwide. The study of bacterial uropathogens in a local area and their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents is required to determine empirical therapy. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the profile and antibiotic resistance patterns of bacteria, causing urinary infections isolated from female patients in Duhok province, Iraq. Methods: A total of 530 urine samples were collected from females clinically suspected of UTIs over three years between January 2017 and February 2020. The samples were inoculated directly on MacConkey and Blood agar media and then incubated aerobically for 24 h at 37°C. Samples that gave up colony counts of ≥ 105 CFU/mL were considered as positive growth. Purified colonies were identified through standard bacteriological tests, and their susceptibility to different antibiotics was determined using the Vitek-2 system. Results: Out of 530 urine samples, 450 (84.9%) contained Gram-negative bacteria, while the other 80 (15.1%) harbored Gram-positive bacteria. Escherichia coli was the most common uropathogenic isolate (58.5%), followed by K. pneumoniae (14.3%), Staphylococcus spp. (8.9%), P. mirabilis (6.6%), E. faecalis (3.2%), and S. agalactiae (3.02%). The majority of Gram-negative uropathogens were resistant to ampicillin, aztreonam, ceftriaxone, and cefepime and around 95% were sensitive to ertapenem and imipenem. Most Gram-positive isolates showed high resistance to benzylpenicillin, oxacillin, gentamicin, and erythromycin, and high susceptibility to linezolid, tigecycline, and nitrofurantoin. Conclusions: It was concluded from this study that E. coli is the predominant pathogen causing UTIs in female patients in Duhok province, Iraq. There were increasing antibiotic resistance rates, particularly to ampicillin, aztreonam, ceftriaxone, benzylpenicillin, and erythromycin. Therefore, empirical antibiotic therapy should be based on local sensitivity patterns rather than international guidelines.

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A performance comparison of the fully automated urine particle analyzer UF-5000 with UF-1000i and Gram staining in predicting bacterial growth patterns in women with uncomplicated urinary tract infections

BMC Urology ◽

10.1186/s12894-021-00791-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Stephen Shei-Dei Yang ◽

Chun-Chun Yang ◽

Yi-Sheng Chen ◽

Shang-Jen Chang

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Growth Patterns ◽

Urine Samples ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Staining ◽

Bacterial Patterns ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Sensitivity Specificity ◽

Gram Positive Cocci

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to compare the performance of the new flow cytometer UF-5000 with the UF-1000i and Gram staining for determining bacterial patterns in urine samples. Methods Women who attended our clinic with symptoms suggestive of urinary tract infection were enrolled in the study. Mid-stream urine samples were collected for gram staining, urine analysis and urine cultures. Bacterial patterns were classified using the UF-1000i (none, cocci bacteria or rods/mixed growth), the UF-5000 (none, cocci, rods or mixed growth) and Gram staining. Results Among the 102 included samples, there were 10 g-positive cocci, 2 g-positive bacilli, 66 g-negative rods, and 24 mixed growth. The sensitivity/specificity of the UF-1000i was 81.8/91.1% for gram-negative rods and 23.5/96.9% for cocci/mixed. The sensitivity/specificity of the UF-5000 was 80.0/88.2% for gram negative rods and 70.0/86.5% for gram-positive cocci. Conclusions The UF-5000 demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity for Gram-negative bacilli and demonstrated an improved sensitivity for detecting Gram-positive cocci compared with the UF-1000i.

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