scholarly journals Tooth Loss and Its Association With Frequency of Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Yemeni Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas Shamala ◽  
Ebtesam Al-Maimooni ◽  
Salsbeel Al-Matari ◽  
Ryhana Hiyat ◽  
Mohammed Al-wesabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Khat Chewing ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Backgrounds: The present study sought to assess tooth loss and oral hygiene practices among a sample of Yemeni women in association with giving births (parity).Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study included a sample of 644 Yemeni women. They were interviewed to gather socio-demographic (age, education, number of children) and behavioral data (oral hygiene practices, khat chewing and smoking). Additionally, they were examined clinically to assess number of tooth loss. Data were analyzed using SPSS with a P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The participating women aged between 16 and 51 years. Only one fifth of the sample reported brushing their teeth regularly (i.e, at least once a day), and around 36.8% reported using dental aids occasionally. Additionally, 52% and 21% of the sample reported they were khat chewers and smokers, respectively. The mean number of tooth loss was 4.7. The mean number of children was 4.15, with approximately 54% of the participating women had more than 3 children. The results of the logistic regression revealed a significant association between number of children and tooth loss. Conclusion: Yemeni women had poor oral hygiene practices and high prevalence of tooth loss increased proportionally with the increased number of children. This emphasizes the importance of an effective oral hygiene motivation and health education among female patients during pregnancy periods.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study to compare the biochemical parameters in low normal versus high normal plasma glucose levels in euglycemic individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 997
Author(s):  
Dharmendra Jhavar ◽  
Neha Kirti ◽  
Sumit Kumar Vishwakarma ◽  
Umesh Kumar Chandra ◽  
Vinod Verma
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Background: Since a long time ago, the experts have realized that determination of cut-off point for diagnosing diabetes will be revised over time with the lower blood glucose level as the more sensitive diagnosis for detecting the occurring complication and biochemical changes.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of medicine, M.G.M. Medical College and M.Y. Hospital Indore from July, 2016 to August, 2017 in 200 individuals and patients having euglycemic status attending General Medicine OPD.Results: In the low and high normal group 2 (2.0%) and 8 (8.0%) were having abnormal total cholesterol (TC) level respectively. The mean total cholesterol in the low normal group was 117.16±26.94mg/dl and it was 154.74±28.38mg/dl in the high normal group. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p value 0.000). In the low and high normal group, 4 (4.0%) and 17 (17.0%) were having abnormal triglyceride (TG) levels respectively. The mean TG levels in the low and high normal group were 96.93±22.64mg/dl and 110.55±32.37mg/dl respectively. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p value 0.001). In the low and high normal group, 6 (6.0%) and 14 (14.0%) patient was having abnormal uric acid levels respectively. The mean uric acid levels in the low and high normal group was 4.88±1.10mg/dl and 5.31±1.31mg/dl respectively. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p value 0.013).Conclusions: Higher levels of Cholesterol and Triglycerides were found more commonly in high normal euglycemic group compared to low normal euglycemic group. Mean cholesterol and mean triglyceride levels were higher in high normal euglycemic group.

scholarly journals Lifestyle of students at Tehran University of Medical Sciences during Corona Epidemic: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Rahimi ◽  
Elahe Alamdar ◽  
Hengame Sadat Seyed Mirnasab ◽  
Somaieh Borjalilu ◽  
Mahnaz Pouresmaeil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Growth ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Promoting Lifestyle

Background and purpose: There is concern that students may have an unhealthy lifestyle as a result of changes that occurred during corona conditions, so this study aimed to determine the status of the lifestyle and its relationship with the demographic characteristics of postgraduate students during the corona span.  Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2020. The link to the online Health-Promoting Lifestyle Questionnaire Profile2 was sent to conduct the research. To examine the relationships between the mean scores of health-promoting lifestyle and different variables, an independent samples t-test was applied in the case of dichotomous demographic variables (gender, education level, and income-generating activity), while one-way analysis of variance test was used to evaluate the multilevel demographic variables (marital status, place of residence, and faculty). The Pearson correlation coefficient was also used for testing age.  Results: The sample 240, (75.4%) were female and 145 of them, (60.4%) were single. The mean age of them was 32.21±7.45.45 years old. The lifestyle total score was 138.28± 21.18 at the average level. The highest score was related to spiritual growth (26.93±5.01), whereas the lowest score was reported on physical activity (16.92±5.17). The difference between the mean of health-promoting lifestyle was not significant in terms of demographic variables.According to the results, a statistically significant difference was observed between male and female students in the field of nutrition. Also, students were significantly different in the nutrition domain regarding students’ residence (p-value <0.05). Spiritual growth was significantly different among students in terms of marital status (p-value <0.05). Conclusion: Although the mean score of health-promoting lifestyle was not different from other studies, further studies are proposed to plan health interventions in accordance with epidemic conditions for students. 

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on determinants of immunization coverage in urban area Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 2309
Author(s):  
D. P. Lakshmi Priya ◽  
P. Kalyani ◽  
B. Sindhu Bala
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Child Health Services ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children

Background: Immunization is one of the cost effective measures preventing approximately 2 to 3 million deaths in young children every year. Inspite of the progress in vaccination coverage challenges still remain for underserved and inaccessible children. It is therefore essential to evaluate the immunization coverage at periodic intervals and improve coverage in vulnerable areas.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 152 children aged 12 to 42 months in urban Chidambaram from September to October 2018. We collected details regarding immunization from vaccination card or mother’s recall. A pretested semi-structured proforma was used to collect sociodemographic variables. Data were collected, compiled and tabulated using microsoft excel and analyzed using SPSS 20.0 version.Results: Complete immunization coverage was 80.3% and 19.7% were partially immunized. Lack of awareness is the major reason for failure of full immunization (63.3%). Immunization coverage was higher when parents studied up to higher secondary or graduates (mother 91.3%, father 87.5%, p value 0.01), father do skilled jobs (91.9%, p value 0.02), among first birth ordered children (88.3%, p value 0.01), children born in healthcare facility and among mothers who received antenatal care during pregnancy (80.8% each, p value 0.04).Conclusions: Lack of awareness, parents’ literacy and occupation, place of birth, antenatal services and number of children in the family are important determinants of immunisation coverage. Apart from strengthening of infrastructure for better delivery of mother and child health services other issues also need to be addressed for better immunization practices.

Is type 1 diabetes mellitus associated with ABO & Rh blood groups? A cross-sectional study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahtab Ordooei ◽  
Nasim Namiranian ◽  
Saeedeh Jam-Ashkezari ◽  
Hadi Jalali ◽  
Azam Golzar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Background: This study was conducted to determine whether type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with ABO & Rhesus (Rh) blood groups. Materials and Methods: This analytical cross sectional study was carried out on 77 patients suffering from T1DM and 96 healthy children less than 18 years old referring to Yazd Diabetes Research Center from April 2018 to May 2019. The ABO blood group and Rh factor in both groups were determined. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) were measured at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks in these patients, and the mean of FBS and HbA1C in three-time assessments were considered as the FBS and HbA1C variables. The statistical analysis was performed by SPSS software version 22. Results: About 46.8% in T1DM and 36.5% in the control groups were male. There was a significant difference between groups regarding blood groups (p-value: 0.042). Although the frequency of B+ was 33.8% and 19.8% in the T1DM and controls, respectively, AB+ and O+ were more prevalent in the controls. The mean of FBS was significantly different between groups (p-value: 0.023). Conclusions: The findings revealed that patients with blood group B are more likely to develop T1DM whereas those with blood group O showed a lower tendency towards diabetes.

Determinants of long acting reversible contraceptive Utilization in Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia-results from institutional based cross sectional study.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asteray Assmie Ayenew ◽  
amlaku mulat a ◽  
toyiba hiyaru m
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Contraceptive Utilization ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Long Acting Reversible Contraceptive ◽  
Long Acting Reversible Contraceptives

Abstract Background: Ethiopia is the second most populous country in Africa. Now a day, Adolescent sexual activity, unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion, high maternal mortality and poverty has become a major issue in Ethiopia. The prevalence of contraceptive utilization is slanted to short acting. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from public health facility in Bahir Dar City from April 1 to 30/2018. systematic sampling technique was used to select study participants and allocated to each public health institution proportionally. Data entry and analysis was made by using Epi info version 7 and SPSS versions 23 respectively. The association between the independent and outcome variables was first computed using bivariate analysis, p-value ≤0.25 was included into multivariable analysis. Finally, multivariable analyses were carried out with p-value≤ 0.05. Result: The overall utilization of long acting reversible contraception was 18.4%. Among the variables, desired number of children, women wish to have 0-3 number of children were 2.4times more likely to use long acting reversible contraceptives compared to those who want to have more than 4 children with (AOR=2.4:95%CI:1.22-4.8). Similarly, having good knowledge were found positively associated with long acting reversible contraceptive those who had good knowledge were 3 times (AOR=3:95%CI:1.52-5.9) more likely to utilize than those who had poor knowledge and also , favourable attitude were found to be positively associated with long acting reversible contraceptive methods utilization, women who had favourable attitude were 4.9 times more likely to utilize (AOR=4.9:95%CI:2.26-10.6) than those women’s who had unfavourable attitude. Conclusion: Utilization of long acting reversible contraceptive is low. Desired number of children, knowledge and attitude were determinant factors identified. So, Health education on long acting reversible contraceptives focusing on increasing women’s knowledge and attitude directed to women of reproductive age

A study of blood pressure in school children between the age of 6-12 years in Chennai, India: a cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2205
Author(s):  
Madhivanan S. ◽  
Harikrishnan E. ◽  
Kumarasamy K.
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Blood pressure measurements in childhood are an important clinical examination. Present study was done to evaluate the normal range of blood pressure (BP) in children aged 6-12 years and to find its relationship with regard to age, sex, height and weight criteria and comparing the values with the available standards.Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was done in primary and middle schools of Chennai from January 2016 to May 2017. Three readings of blood pressure were recorded for each subject and were correlated with age, gender, socioeconomic status and anthropometry. Data was analysed on SPSS 20.0. P value of <0.05 was considered significantResults: A total of 2002 children (1026 boys, 976 girls) of age between 6-12 years were examined over 18 months. There was an upward trend in both systolic (r = 0.437, P<0.001) and diastolic BP (r = 0.386, P <0.001) with age. There was no statistically significant difference in mean systolic and diastolic BP with gender (P = 0.10), weight (P = 0.10) and height (P = 0.10). There was a statistically significant difference between the mean systolic and diastolic BP between low and high socio-economic groups (P <0.0001). The proportion of children with hypertension was 9.54% with a slight female preponderance.Conclusions: Blood pressure measurement in children is pivotal in clinical examination. It shows a linear relationship with age and varies across socio-economic status. Periodic recording of BP would enable identify hypertension at an early age.

scholarly journals The Role of Applied Behavior Analysis to Improve Knowledge on Oral Hygiene Practices among Cooperative Autistic Children: A Cross-Sectional Study from Jazan, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hytham N. Fageeh ◽  
Manawar A. Mansour ◽  
Hatim Y. Thubab ◽  
Mohammed B. Jarab ◽  
Ahmed Y. Juraybi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Behavior Analysis ◽  
Applied Behavior Analysis ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hygiene Practices

Objective. To assess the effectiveness of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) to improve knowledge regarding oral hygiene practices among cooperative autistic children. Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 15 children between the age group of 6–12 years and their parents who were randomly chosen from a special care autistic school in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. A mobile application was custom designed and programmed with videos on oral hygiene. A close-ended questionnaire comprising 14 questions for the cooperative autistic children and 21 questions for their parents was designed to assess their knowledge in relation to oral health and hygiene. After four weeks, a questionnaire-based knowledge assessment was conducted. The mean knowledge score was then calculated for children and their parents and compared using paired sample t-test. Results. Poor knowledge regarding oral hygiene practices was revealed among the study participants. The estimated mean score among the children was 4.73 before the intervention, which significantly increased to 9.0. The estimated mean score for the parents was 9.3 before intervention and 14.6 after four weeks’ period ( P < 0.0001 ). Conclusion. The application of ABA using avatars and delivered through videos can significantly improve knowledge regarding oral health hygiene among cooperative autistic children.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Sex Hormones’ Serum Level in Women With Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis and Healthy Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Lavaee ◽  
Zahra Ranjbar ◽  
Mina Jalalian ◽  
Mohammad Amin Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis ◽  
Aphthous Stomatitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background:In this study, we aimed to evaluate the sex hormonal serum level in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis and compare them with healthy participants.Methods:This cross-sectional study was done on patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis who had referred to Shiraz Dental Faculty, Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine Department during 2018-2019. The non -menopause women with recurrence of at least 3 lesions per year were enrolled in this study.The mean serum level of FSH, LH, PRL (prolactin), testosterone, DHT (Dihydrotestosterone), DHEA-S (Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate), estradiol and progesterone of 30 participants in each group of case and control were measured and compared. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 18 and independent T-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman’s correlation coefficient test, Chi-square test and Fisher’s test.Results: The mean serum level of DHEA-S in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) was significantly lower than the control group (p value=0.002). In addition to DHEA-S, the mean serum level of testosterone was lower in the evaluation group although this difference was not significant (p value=0.057).Considering the effect of age on the mean serum level of sex hormones, our results revealed that only DHEA-S mean serum level was decreased by increasing the age of participants in patients with RAS (p value=0.018).The number of participants with abnormal range of testosterone (p value<0.0001) and progesterone (p value=0.037) serum level was significantly more in patients with RAS. The frequency of RAS in a year did not show a significant relationship with the serum level of the evaluated hormones.Conclusion: The patients with RAS had a lower serum level of DHEA-S. The mean serum level of testosterone and progesterone was significantly abnormal in RAS patients.

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