scholarly journals Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis B and C Virus Infections: A Five-Year Retrospective Study Among Blood Donors in Saboba District in the Northern Region of Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel Makija Nlankpe ◽  
Patrick Kwesi Owiafi ◽  
David Adedia ◽  
Jacob Nabei Nignan ◽  
Precious Kwablah Kwadzokpui
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Seroprevalence Rate ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Hcv Coinfection

Abstract Background and Objectives: Chronic hepatitis B and C infections are capable of progressing to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Globally, it has been estimated that over 2 billion and 170 million people are living with hepatitis B and C infections, respectively. Ghana remains one of the highly endemic countries challenged by continues spread of these viral agents in Africa. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and trend of Hepatitis B and C coinfections among blood donors in Saboba District of the Northern Region of Ghana. Methods: A five-year hospital based retrospective study was carried out among 8,605 blood donors comprising 8517 males and 88 females using data on blood donors from Saboba Assemblies of God Hospital located in the Saboba District in the Northern Region of Ghana from 2013 to 2017. Blood bank records on HBV and HCV potential blood donors who visited the hospital to donate blood was retrieved. Donor demographic details, i.e. age and gender were also recovered. Donors who were registered to the hospital but were not residents of the Northern Region were excluded from the study. Donors with incomplete records were also excluded from the study. The data was managed using Microsoft Excel spreadsheet 2016 and analysed using GraphPad Prism statistical software. Results: The overall prevalence of asymptomatic viral hepatitis B and C infection in the general adult population was 9.59% and 12.71%, respectively, with an HBV/HCV coinfection rate of 2.23%. The number of donors generally declined with advancement in years from 2038 (23.68%) since 2013 to as low as 1169 (13.59%) in 2016, except for 2017 where a sharp increase of 1926 (22.38%) was observed. The first and second highest proportions of donors fell within the age categories of 20-29 [51.53% (4434)] and 30-39 [32.90% (2831)]. Seroprevalence rate of HBV, HCV and HBV/HCV coinfection rates were generally higher among the female group than observed among the male category. The year-to-year variation in HBV, HCV and HBV/HCV infection was statistically significant. The highest year-to-year HBV seropositivity rate was 11.48% in the year 2013, while that for HCV and HBV/HCV coinfection was 16.24% and 5.85% respectively both documented in the year 2014. HBV and HBV/HCV coinfection rate was highest among donors aged <20 years old, while HCV seroprevalence was highest among donors aged 50-59 years old. Conclusion: Seroprevalence of HBV and HCV among donors in the Saboba District of the Northern Region of Ghana is endemic. The HBV/HCV coinfections rate also raises serious concern owing to its high prevalence rate among the younger age. Intensive public health education coupled with mobile screening and mass vaccination of seronegative individuals is advised so as to help curb further spread of the infection and in effect help safeguard the health status of potential donors in the district.

scholarly journals Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis B and C Virus Infections: A Five-Year Retrospective Study among Blood Donors in Saboba District in the Northern Region of Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Abel Makija Nlankpe ◽  
Precious Kwablah Kwadzokpui ◽  
David Adedia ◽  
Jacob Nabei Nignan ◽  
Patrick Kwasi Owiafe
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Seroprevalence Rate ◽  
Hcv Coinfection ◽  
Year 2013

Background and Objectives. Chronic hepatitis B and C infections are capable of progressing to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Globally, it has been estimated that over 2 billion and 170 million people are living with hepatitis B and C infections, respectively. Ghana remains one of the highly endemic countries challenged by the continuous spread of these viral agents in Africa. This study was aimed at determining the seroprevalence and trend of Hepatitis B and C coinfections among blood donors in Saboba District of the Northern Region of Ghana. Methods. A five-year hospital-based retrospective study was carried out among 8605 blood donors comprising 8517 males and 88 females using data on blood donors from Saboba Assemblies of God Hospital located in the Saboba District in the Northern Region of Ghana from 2013 to 2017. Blood bank records on HBV and HCV potential blood donors who visited the hospital to donate blood were retrieved. Donor demographic details, i.e., age and gender, were also recovered. Donors who were registered to the hospital but were not residents of the Northern Region were excluded from the study. Donors with incomplete records were also excluded from the study. The data was managed using Microsoft Excel spreadsheet 2016 and analysed using GraphPad Prism statistical software. Results. The overall prevalence of asymptomatic viral hepatitis B and C infections in the general adult population was 9.59% (95% CI: 9.00-10.20) and 12.71% (95% CI: 12.00-13.40), respectively, with an HBV/HCV coinfection rate of 2.23% (95% CI: 1.90-2.60). The number of donors generally declined with advancement in years from 2038 (23.68%) since 2013 to as low as 1169 (13.59%) in 2016, except for 2017 where a sharp increase of 1926 (22.38%) was observed. The first and second highest proportions of donors fell within the age categories of 20-29 (51.53% (4434)) and 30-39 (32.90% (2831)) respectively. The seroprevalence rate of HBV, HCV, and HBV/HCV coinfection rates were generally higher among the female group than those observed among the male category. The year-to-year variation in HBV, HCV, and HBV/HCV infections was statistically significant. The highest year-to-year HBV seropositivity rate was 11.48% in the year 2013, while that for HCV and HBV/HCV coinfection was 16.24% and 5.85%, respectively, both documented in the year 2014. HBV and HBV/HCV coinfection rates were highest among donors aged <20 years old, while HCV seroprevalence was highest among donors aged 50-59 years old. Significantly higher odds of HBV/HCV coinfection ( OR = 5.2 ; 95% CI:3.3-8.1) was observed in the 2014 compared to the year 2013. Donors aged <20years were at higher risks of HBV and HBV/HCV coinfection rates compared to the other age groups. Conclusion. The seroprevalence of HBV and HCV among donors in the Saboba District of the Northern Region of Ghana is endemic. The HBV/HCV coinfection rate also raises serious concern owing to its high prevalence rate among the younger age. Intensive public health education coupled with mobile screening and mass vaccination of seronegative individuals is advised so as to help curb further spread of the infection and in effect help safeguard the health status of potential donors in the district.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C among blood donors in Sierra Leone: A multi-year retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Tognon ◽  
Stephen Sevalie ◽  
Joseph Gassimu ◽  
John Sesay ◽  
Katrina Hann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Blood Donors

Incidence Rates of Hepatitis B and C Virus Infections among Blood Donors in Hiroshima, Japan, during 10 Years from 1994 to 2004

Intervirology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Tanaka ◽  
Masaaki Mizui ◽  
Hideki Nagakami ◽  
Keiko Katayama ◽  
Ayako Tabuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Virus Infections

scholarly journals Hepatitis B virus infections in apparently healthy urban Nigerians: data from pre-vaccination tests

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (06) ◽  
pp. 397-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses P. Adoga ◽  
Silas D. Gyar ◽  
Simon Pechulano ◽  
Obadiah D. Bashayi ◽  
Samuel E. Emiasegen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Immunisation Programme ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Confirmatory Tests ◽  
And Gender

Background: In spite of the availability of an effective vaccine since 1982 against hepatitis B, infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is 50 to 100 times more infectious than HIV, still persists in most parts of the world with Nigeria being described as an endemic zone. We therefore set out to establish the prevalence of this infection and evaluate its relationship with age and gender in urban Nigerians. Methodology: During pre-vaccination tests, blood samples were collected by finger-prick and venepuncture from 1,891 subjects aged ≤ 60 years, between 2008 and 2009 after having obtained informed consent and ethical clearance. Smart Check HBsAg (Globalemed, Cape Town, South Africa) and ShantestTM-HBsAg Elisa (Shantha Biotechnics Ltd, Hyderabad, India) were used for initial and confirmatory tests respectively. Results: Of the 1,891 participants, 957 (50.6 %) were males and 934 (49.4%) were females. Overall 114 (6.0%) were positive, of whom 71 (7.4%) were males and 43 (4.6%) females. Those aged 21-30 years had the highest infection rate, and males were more likely to be infected with the virus than females (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Such a high prevalence of a vaccine-preventable infection questions the effectiveness of the Nigerian vaccination strategies. The Nigerian government hepatitis B vaccination programme, which hitherto is limited to the National Childhood Immunisation Programme, should include the adult population.

The seroprevalence of HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C and venereal disease research laboratory test seropositivity in blood donors: a 5-year retrospective comparative study at tertiary care hospital in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2662
Author(s):  
Khaneta Parveen ◽  
Abdul Faheem Khan ◽  
Abdul Salim Khan
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Venereal Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Seroprevalence Rate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Retrospective Comparative Study

Background: The high seroprevalence of transfusion-transmitted infectious (TTI) diseases such as HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and syphilis in India affects the safety of blood for recipients. This study was undertaken with the aim to screen the blood donor’s demographic profile and to estimate seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and VDRL transmissible by blood transfusion in voluntary and replacement male and female blood donors during the last 5 year period.Methods: The present study was conducted over a period of 5 years (2001-2005) and involved 1,53,020 blood donors including both (voluntary, replacement males and females) who were thoroughly screened and selected for blood donation in blood bank at Departments of Pathology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.Results: Total five years seropositivity for all four disease marker in all blood donors was 9150 (5.97%). The incidence of HIV seropositivity was 1995 (1.30%), the seroprevalence of HBV in total blood donor was 4673 (3.05%), HCV consist of 1599 (1.04%), and VDRL seropositivity was least, i.e. 883 (0.57%). Out of total 9150 (5.97%) seropositive blood donors, 24 (0.26%) blood donors showed concomitant seropositivity for more than one of the blood transmissible diseases.Conclusions: Seroprevalence rate of all the four blood transmissible diseases was higher in replacement donors, and lower in voluntary group of donors. Therefore, it has been evaluated that the voluntary blood donation is safer and promoted for safe blood donation in comparison to replacement blood donation.

scholarly journals Trends of T. cruzi infection based on data from blood bank screening

1990 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Zicker ◽  
Celina Maria Turchi Martelli ◽  
Ana Lucia Sampaio Sgambatti de Andrade ◽  
Simonne Almeida e Silva
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Seroprevalence Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Banks ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cruzi Infection

Between October 1988 and April 1989 a cross-sectional survey was carried out in six out of eight blood banks of Goiânia, Central Brazil. Subjects attending for first-time blood donation in the mornings of the study period (n = 1358) were interviewed and screened for T. cruzi infection as a part of a major study among blood donors. Tests to anti-T. cruzi antibodies were performed, simultaneously, by indirect hem agglutination test (IHA) and complement fixation test (CFT). A subject was considered seropositive when any one of the two tests showed a positive result. Information on age, sex, place of birth, migration and socio-economic level was recorded. Results from this survey were compared with seroprevalence rates obtained in previous studies in an attempt to analyse trend of T. cruzi infection in an endemic urban area. The overall seroprevalence of T. cruzi infection among first-time donors was found to be 3.5% (95% confidence interval 2.5%-4.5% ). The seroprevalence rate increased with age up to 45 years and then decreased. Migrants from rural areas had higher seroprevalence rates than subjects from urban counties (1.8%-16.2% vs. 0%-3.6%). A four fold decrease in prevalence rates was observed when these rates were compared with those of fifteen years ago. Two possible hypotheses to explain this difference were suggested: 1. a cohort effect related with the decrease of transmission in rural areas and/or 2. a differential proportion of people of rural origin among blood donors between the two periods. The potential usefulness of blood banks as a source of epidemiological information to monitor trends of T. cruzi infection in an urban adult population was stressed.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hepatitis B & Hepatitis C Virus Infections in Potential Blood Donors in Bahawalpur

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahira Shamim ◽  
Laila Sumreen
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Education Status ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Record Review

Abstract Hepatitis is commonly transmitted during blood transfusion. The study aimed to find the prevalence of hepatitis B & C among blood donors in Bahawalpur and try to find relation of prevalence with socio-demographic variables. The study was conducted in Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur (BVH). The data was collected by trained nurses working in blood bank in supervision of investigator through a structured record review check list developed by investigator in English. The investigator checked data for completeness and cross check from registers. The collected data had been coded before analysis. Descriptive analysis was done to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B & C virus in the study population and its distribution categorized by independent variables i.e. age, gender, marital status, residence and education status of blood donor. The results of study indicated that both Hepatitis B & C are prevalent among 20 – 23 years old persons, males, uneducated people, married and people residing in rural areas of Bahawalpur visiting blood bank of Bahwal Victoria Hospital (BVH) Bahawalpur. So, by providing education to uneducated population and teaching sanitation and careful measures for avoiding hepatitis to married and people residing in rural areas could be a helpful tool in decreasing and controlling hepatitis in this area.

scholarly journals Sero-prevalence of transfusion transmittable infections: HIV, Hepatitis B, C and Treponema pallidum and associated factors among blood donors in Ethiopia: A retrospective study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. e0241086
Author(s):  
Saro Abdella ◽  
Tezera Moshago Berheto ◽  
Getachew Tolera ◽  
Wudinesh Belete ◽  
Tekalign Deressa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Treponema Pallidum
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