Lack of Changes in Preterm Delivery and Stillbirths During COVID-19 Lockdown in a European Region

Abstract Preliminary data in Europe have suggested a reduction in prematurity rates during the COVID-19 pandemic, implying that contingency measures could have an impact on prematurity rates. We designed a population-based prevalence proportion study to explore the potential link between national lockdown measures and a change in preterm births and stillbirths. Adjusted multivariate analyses did not show any decrease in preterm proportions during the lockdown period with respect to the whole pre-lockdown period or to the pre-lockdown comparison periods (2015-2019): 6.5% (95%CI 5.6-7.4), 6.6% (95%CI 6.5-6.8), and 6.2% (95%CI 5.7-6.7), respectively. Proportions of preterm live births did not change during lockdown when different gestational age categories were analyzed, nor when birthweight categories were considered. No differences in stillbirth rates among the different study periods were found: 0.33% (95%CI 0.04-0.61) during the lockdown period vs 0.34% (95%CI 0.22-0.46) during the pre-lockdown comparison period (2015-2019).ConclusionWe did not find any link between prematurity and lockdown, nor between stillbirths and lockdown. Collaborative efforts are desirable to gather more data and additional evidence on this global health issue.

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Epidemiology of congenital cerebral anomalies in Europe: a multicentre, population-based EUROCAT study

Archives of Disease in Childhood ◽

10.1136/archdischild-2018-316733 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 104 (12) ◽

pp. 1181-1187 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Joan K Morris ◽

Diana G Wellesley ◽

Ingeborg Barisic ◽

Marie-Claude Addor ◽

Jorieke E H Bergman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

Population Based ◽

Geographical Differences ◽

Live Births ◽

Postnatal Diagnosis ◽

Classification Of Diseases ◽

Prevalence Proportion ◽

Cerebral Anomalies ◽

The Brain

ObjectivesTo describe the epidemiology and geographical differences in prevalence of congenital cerebral anomalies in Europe.Design and settingCongenital cerebral anomalies (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision code Q04) recorded in 29 population-based EUROCAT registries conducting surveillance of 1.7 million births per annum (29% of all European births).ParticipantsAll birth outcomes (live births, fetal deaths from 20 weeks gestation and terminations of pregnancy after prenatal diagnosis of a fetal anomaly (TOPFA)) from 2005 to 2014.Main outcome measuresPrevalence, proportion of associated non-cerebral anomalies, prenatal detection rate.Results4927 cases with congenital cerebral anomalies were identified; a prevalence (adjusted for under-reporting) of 9.8 (95% CI: 8.5 to 11.2) per 10 000 births. There was a sixfold difference in prevalence across the registries. Registries with higher proportions of prenatal diagnoses had higher prevalence. Overall, 55% of all cases were liveborn, 3% were fetal deaths and 41% resulted in TOPFA. Forty-eight per cent of all cases were an isolated cerebral anomaly, 25% had associated non-cerebral anomalies and 27% were chromosomal or part of a syndrome (genetic or teratogenic). The prevalence excluding genetic or chromosomal conditions increased by 2.4% per annum (95% CI: 1.3% to 3.5%), with the increases occurring only for congenital malformations of the corpus callosum (3.0% per annum) and ‘other reduction deformities of the brain’ (2.8% per annum).ConclusionsOnly half of the cases were isolated cerebral anomalies. Improved prenatal and postnatal diagnosis may account for the increase in prevalence of congenital cerebral anomalies from 2005 to 2014. However, major differences in prevalence remain between regions.

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Increasing prevalence, time trend and seasonality of gastroschisis in São Paulo state, Brazil, 2005–2016

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-50935-1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mauricio Giusti Calderon ◽

Edige Felipe de Sousa Santos ◽

Luiz Carlos de Abreu ◽

Rodrigo Daminello Raimundo

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Population Based ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Annual Percent Change ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Live Births ◽

Paulo State ◽

São Paulo State

Abstract To estimate the gastroschisis seasonality and trend of prevalence in recent years, stratified by maternal age and geographical clusters of São Paulo state, a population–based study was designed. We used data from the Live Births Information System (SINASC) in São Paulo state, Brazil, from 2005 to 2016. Trends of prevalence were evaluated for the specific subgroups using the Prais–Winsten regression model, and the Durbin–Watson test was used, to estimate the regression coefficient, the annual percent change (APC), and 95% confidence interval (CI). We observed 1576 cases of gastroschisis among 7,317,657 live births (LB), a prevalence of 2.154 (95% CI: 2.047–2.260) per 10,000 LB which included, 50.6% males, 67.4% Caucasians, 53.4% preterm births, and 80.9% caesarean births. The prevalence of gastroschisis significantly increased by 2.6% (95% CI: 0.0–5.2) per year, and this trend was higher in mothers aged 30–34 years (APC: 10.2, 95% CI: 1.4–19.4) than in mothers of other age groups. Between 2011 and 2016, we identified the existence of seasonality based on the date of conception in the middle months of the year (p = 0.002). This is the first and largest population–based study summarizing current epidemiology and identifying trend of prevalence of gastroschisis in São Paulo state.

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Malaria during pregnancy and newborns outcome in an unstable transmission area in Brazil: a population-based record linkage study

10.1101/244178 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Jamille Gregório Dombrowski ◽

Rodrigo Medeiros de Souza ◽

Natércia Regina Mendes Silva ◽

André Barateiro ◽

Sabrina Epiphanio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Information System ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Record Linkage ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Population Based ◽

Maternal Child Health ◽

Live Births ◽

Transmission Area ◽

Malaria During Pregnancy ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACTBackgroundMalaria during pregnancy is one of the major causes of mortality in tropical regions, causing maternal anemia, intrauterine growth retardation, preterm birth, and low birth weight (LBW). The integration of the information systems is crucial to assess the dimension of gestational malaria in a wide and useful way, to improve decision making and maternal-child health.Methods and FindingsAn observational population-based study acquired information retrospectively from all live births that occurred between 2006 and 2014 in Cruzeiro do Sul (Acre, Brazil). Social and clinical data of the mother and newborn was extracted from the Information System of Live Births. Malaria episodes information was obtained from the Brazilian Epidemiological Surveillance Information System Malaria. A deterministic record linkage was performed to assess malaria impact on pregnancy. The studied population presented a malaria incidence of 8.9%, of which 63.9% infected byPlasmodium (P.) vivax.Reduction of newborns birth weight at term (small for gestational age (SGA) and LBW) has been found associated withP. vivaxinfection during pregnancy (SGA - OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.02-1.52, p=0.035; term LBW - OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.03-1.88, p=0.033). Additionally,P. falciparuminfection during pregnancy has been found to be associated with preterm births (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.09-2.18, p=0.016), which is related with late preterm births (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.11-2.27, p=0.011).ConclusionsDespite the decrease of malaria cases during the evaluated period, we present evidence of the deleterious effects of gestational malaria in a low transmission area in the Amazonian region. Regardless ofPlasmodiumspecies, malaria during pregnancy poses a risk for newborns birth weight reduction, highlighting the impact thatP. vivaxhas on the fetus.FundingSão Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP/Brazil.

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Recurrence of preterm births: A population‐based linkage with 3.5 million live births from the CIDACS Birth Cohort

International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics ◽

10.1002/ijgo.14053 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Aline S. Rocha ◽

Rita de Cássia Ribeiro‐Silva ◽

Enny S. Paixao ◽

Ila R. Falcão ◽

Flavia Jôse. O. Alves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Cohort ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Population Based ◽

Live Births

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Nutritional Recommendation for COVID-19

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.3078 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽

pp. 753-757

Author(s):

Anagha Gulhane ◽

Shamli Hiware

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Global Health ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Immune Function ◽

The Body ◽

Health Issue ◽

System Quality ◽

Life Phase ◽

Global Health Issue ◽

Nutritional Recommendation

It is the most unreliable truth that anybody can get infected by the COVID-19, and nobody can escape from the danger of getting tainted by the virus. Yet, the line of hope is that anyone and everyone can boost their resistance, thus avoid the risk of getting affected by the illness. The immunity of humans pulls down as they grow older. If their immune system is robust, them falling sick is feeble. If their resistance is weak, them getting ill is sound. Several factors affect the immune system and its ability, including its nourishment. A two-way connection between nutrition, infection and immunity presents. Changes in one part will affect the others part in our body that's the nature's rule. Well defined immune system quality which is present between each life phase may influence the type, generality and the degree of infections. At the same time, low nutrition to the body will decrease the immune function and expose the body to the danger of getting infected by infectious diseases. Different quantity of micronutrients is required for increasing the immunity power of our body. Generally the vitamins A,C,D,E,B2,B6,B12, iron, zinc and selenium.The deficiencies of micronutrients are acknowledged as a global health issue, and also low nutrition makes it prone to establishes the infections in the body.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Perinatal and familial risk factors for soft tissue sarcomas in childhood through young adulthood: A population-based assessment in 4 million live births.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.735543879.793575967 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alberto Pappo

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Young Adulthood ◽

Familial Risk ◽

Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽

Population Based ◽

Live Births ◽

Familial Risk Factors

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Maternal depression and loss of children under the one-child family planning policy in China: a cross-sectional study of 300 000 women

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048554 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. e048554

Author(s):

Hanyu Wang ◽

Eric Frasco ◽

Jie Shang ◽

Minne Chen ◽

Tong Xin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Maternal Depression ◽

Urban Areas ◽

The Elderly ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Only Child ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Live Births ◽

Child Group

ObjectivesThis study aims to explore the association between maternal depression and the loss of the only child under the family-planning (FP) policy.DesignCross-sectional data from a Chinese population-based study were analysed.SettingPopulation from 10 (5 rural and 5 urban) areas in China.ParticipantsAround 300 000 females were included in the study. The FP group was defined as women with one or two live births. Those with no surviving child were classified into the loss-of-only-child group. The non-FP group included women who had more than two live births. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between major depressive disorder (MDD) and family types, after stratification and adjustment.OutcomeMDD was assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Inventory.ResultsThe odds of MDD are 1.42 times higher in the FP group in general (OR=1.42, 95% CI: 1.28 to 1.57), as opposed to the non-FP group. In particular, the odds of MDD are 1.36 times greater in the non-loss-of-only-child group (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.21 to 1.51) and 2.80 (OR=2.80, 95% CI: 0.88 to 8.94) times greater in the loss-of-only-child group, compared with the non-FP group. The associations between FP groups and MDD appeared to be stronger in the elderly population, in those who were married, less educated and those with a higher household income. The association was found progressively stronger in those who lost their only child.ConclusionsPeople in the FP group, especially those who lost their only child, are more susceptible to MDD than their counterparts in the non-FP group. Mental health programmes should give special care to those who lost their only child and take existing social policies and norms, such as FP policies, into consideration.

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