scholarly journals Fabrication of thermo-regulating cotton fabric with enhanced flame retardancy via layer-by-layer assembly

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunbo Chen ◽  
Xiangyu Zhu ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Bijia Wang ◽  
Zhiping Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Melting Enthalpy ◽  
Residual Carbon ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Infrared Thermal Imaging ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Lbl Assembly

Abstract The lack of thermo-regulation functionality and high flammability of cotton fabrics greatly restrict their application in high-performance fields. Herein, we report a versatile layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly strategy for introducing to cotton fabrics a multilayered coating consisted of phase change microcapsules and ammonium polyphosphate, endowing them with thermo-regulating and flame retardancy. The coated fabrics were characterized by limiting oxygen index (LOI), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and infrared thermal imaging. The fabric deposited with 20 bilayers (MCPM/APP-20) showed improved flame retardancy with a LOI of 24.4% and residual carbon of 34.24%. It also shows a melting enthalpy of 30.16 J/g, which transferred to a temperature difference of 6.4 ℃ compared with pristine cotton. The functional endowed by the LbL assembly was reasonably durable, with melting enthalpy and residual carbon of MPCM/APP-20 reduced to 17.14 J/g and 19.82% after 30 laundering cycles. These results suggest that LbL assembly was a convenient way for functionalization of cotton fabrics.

scholarly journals An eco-friendly and effective method to fabricate flame retardant cotton fabrics

2021 ◽  
Vol 293 ◽  
pp. 01022
Author(s):  
Xiaotao Zhang ◽  
Chunrong Zhou ◽  
Haifeng Pan
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Char Residue ◽  
Safety Properties ◽  
Lbl Assembly ◽  
Layer Deposition

To reduce the flammability of cotton fabrics, an environmentally benign, simple and effective method was proposed. Coatings composed of phosphoguanidine/ATMP/alginate were deposited on the surface of the cotton fabrics through layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly. FTIR spectra indicate that the layer-by-layer deposition process is successfully carried out on the surface of cotton fabrics. TGA suggested that LbL coating can significantly increase the char residue. The results of MCC and vertical flame tests showed that the LbL coatings can remarkably enhance the fire safety properties of the cotton fabrics and a higher concentration of ATMP (2 wt%) can bring better effect of flame retardancy.

Few durable layers suppress cotton combustion due to the joint combination of layer by layer assembly and UV-curing

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (87) ◽  
pp. 71482-71490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Carosio ◽  
Jenny Alongi
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Uv Curing ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Lbl Assembly ◽  
Layer By Layer Assembly ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Layer Assembly

In the last five years, Layer by Layer (LbL) assembly has proven to be one of the most innovative solutions for conferring flame retardancy to fabrics.

Layer-by-layer Assembly Polyethylenimine/phytic Acid Coating With Gradient Structure for High-Efficiency and Durable Flame Retardant Cotton Fabric With Good Physical and Mechanical Properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinhua Liu ◽  
Hailong Liu ◽  
Yinchun Fang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Gradient Structure ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Assembly Method ◽  
Lbl Assembly ◽  
Coated Cotton

Abstract In this study, intumescent flame retardant coating of polyethylenimine/phytic acid (PEI/PA) with gradient structure was constructed on cotton fabric through facile layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly method. The LOI value of coated cotton fabric reached over 40% indicating excellent flame retardancy. Reasonable controlling the LBL assembly process of PEI/PA coating brought less influence to the physical properties of cotton fabrics. And the coated cotton fabric revealed good flame retardant washing durability. Thermogravimetric analysis results of coated cotton fabrics showed that PEI/PA flame retardant coating changed the thermal decomposition process and promoted char formation revealing the obviously condensed phase flame retardant action. SEM images of char residues revealed that PEI/PA flame retardant coating promoted to form the intumescent flame retardant (IFR) char layer showing obvious IFR action. This research provides novel strategy for the development of high-efficiency flame retardant cotton fabric with good durability and physical properties using simple LBL assembly method.

scholarly journals Layer-by-layer assembly flame-retardant and anti-dripping treatment of polyethylene terephthalate fabrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 155892501987030
Author(s):  
Yinchun Fang ◽  
Xinhua Liu ◽  
Cuie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Layer By Layer Assembly ◽  
Branched Polyethylenimine ◽  
Layer Assembly

Layer-by-layer assembly is a simple and effective method which has been widely studied to improve the flame retardancy of textiles in recent years. In this article, flame-retardant and anti-dripping polyethylene terephthalate fabrics were successfully prepared by layer-by-layer assembly branched polyethylenimine and ammonium polyphosphate on their surface. The results of limiting oxygen index values and vertical burning test revealed that the flame retardancy and anti-dripping performance of polyethylene terephthalate fabrics were improved after the layer-by-layer assembly treatment; especially, the dripping phenomenon was eliminated when the number of branched polyethylenimine/ammonium polyphosphate bilayers was over 10. The influence of alkali treatment of polyethylene terephthalate fabrics before layer-by-layer assembly was also investigated. The results showed that alkali treatment of the polyethylene terephthalate fabrics would promote the combination of polyethylene terephthalate fabrics and the charged flame retardants indicating better flame retardancy. The results of thermogravimetric analysis revealed that layer-by-layer assembly treatment of polyethylene terephthalate fabrics would promote char formation both under the nitrogen atmosphere and under the air atmosphere which may act through condensed phase action. The scanning electron microscopy images of the char residues revealed that the layer-by-layer assembly treatment of polyethylene terephthalate fabrics would promote the formation of a compact and intact char residue, which was beneficial for the improvement of flame retardancy and anti-dripping performance. This research would provide the experimental basis for the effective flame retardancy and anti-dripping performance of polyethylene terephthalate fabric.

Dye aggregation in layer-by-layer dyeing of cotton fabrics

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (24) ◽  
pp. 20286-20293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzana Khan ◽  
Panpan Liu ◽  
Fujun Xu ◽  
Ying Ma ◽  
Yiping Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Lbl Assembly ◽  
Dye Aggregation ◽  
Assembly Technique

This work utilizes layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technique to dye cotton fabrics and investigates the dye aggregation in these polymer matrixes.

Flammability and thermal properties of cotton fabrics modified with a novel flame retardant containing triazine and phosphorus components

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (11) ◽  
pp. 1367-1376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaohong Dong ◽  
Zhou Lu ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Ping Zhu ◽  
Xuechao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Cone Calorimetry ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Untreated Cotton ◽  
Index Value

A novel formaldehyde-free flame retardant containing phosphorus and dichlorotriazine components (CTAP) for cotton fabrics was synthesized. As an active group, the dichlorotriazine could react with cotton fabric via covalent reaction. The addition of 20.7 wt% CTAP into the cotton fabric obtained a high limiting oxygen index value of 31.5%, which was 13.5% higher than the pure cotton fabric. The results of heat release rate, total heat release and effective heat combustion indicated that CTAP effectively imparted flame retardancy to cotton fabric by the cone calorimetry test. With respect to the untreated cotton fabrics, the treated cotton fabrics degraded at lower decomposition temperature and form a consistent and compact char layer, which could be observed by thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Compared to the untreated cotton fabrics, CTAP performed an effective role in flame retardancy for treated cotton fabrics. Meanwhile, it stimulated the formation of char and promoted the thermal stability of treated cotton fabrics during combustion.

scholarly journals Correlation of Montmorillonite Sheet Thickness and Flame Retardant Behavior of a Chitosan–Montmorillonite Nanosheet Membrane Assembled on Flexible Polyurethane Foam

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Chen ◽  
Yunliang Zhao ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Tingting Zhang ◽  
Shaoxian Song
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Sheet Thickness ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Lbl Assembly ◽  
Assembly Technology ◽  
Flexible Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Flexible Polyurethane ◽  
Different Thickness

Polymer–clay membranes constructed via the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly, with a nanobrick wall structure, are known to exhibit high flame retardancy. In this work, chitosan–montmorillonite nanosheet (CH–MMTNS) membranes with different thickness of MMTNS were constructed to suppress the flammability of flexible polyurethane (FPU) foam. It was found that a thinner MMTNS membrane was more efficient in terms of reducing the flammability of the FPU foam. This was because such MMTNS membrane could deposit cheek by jowl and form a dense CH–MMTNS membrane on the foam surface, thus greatly limiting the translation of heat, oxygen, and volatile gases. In contrast, a thicker MMTNS constructed a fragmentary CH–MMTNS membrane on the coated foam surface, due to its greater gravity and weaker electrostatic attraction of chitosan; thus, the flame retardancy of a thick MMTNS membrane was lower. Moreover, the finding of different deposition behaviors of MMTNS membranes with different thickness may suggest improvements for the application of clay with the LbL assembly technology.

Gelation-Assisted Layer-by-Layer Deposition of High Performance Nanocomposites

2018 ◽  
Vol 232 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 1383-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhu ◽  
Douglas Watts ◽  
Nicholas A. Kotov
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Lbl Assembly ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Fine Control ◽  
Nanofiber Alignment ◽  
Functional Components

Abstract Layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly produces nanocomposites with distinctively high volume fractions of nanomaterials and nanometer scale controlled uniformity. Although deposition of one nanometer scale layer at a time leads to high performance composites, this deposition mode is also associated with the slow multilayer build-up. Exponential LBL, spin coating, turbo-LBL and other methods tremendously accelerate the multilayer build-up but often yield lower, strength, toughness, conductivity, etc. Here, we introduce gelation assisted layer-by-layer (gaLBL) deposition taking advantage of a repeating cycle of hydrogel formation and subsequent polymer infiltration demonstrated using aramid nanofiber (ANF) and epoxy resin (EPX) as deposition partners. Utilization of ANF gels increases the thickness of each deposited layer from 1–10 nm to 30–300 nm while retaining fine control of thickness in each layer, high volume fraction, and uniformity. While increasing the speed of the deposition, the high density of interfaces associated with nanofiber gels helps retain high mechanical properties. The ANF/EPX multilayer composites revealed a rare combination of properties that was unavailable in traditional aramid-based and other composites, namely, high ultimate strength of 505±47 MPa, high toughness of 50.1±9.8 MJ/m3, and high transparency. Interestingly, the composite also displayed close-to-zero thermal expansion. The constellation of these materials properties is unique both for quasi-anisotropic composites and unidirectional materials with nanofiber alignment. gaLBL demonstrates the capability to resolve the fundamental challenge between high-performance and scalability. The gelation-assisted layered deposition can be extended to other functional components including nanoparticle gels.

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