Layer-by-layer Assembly Polyethylenimine/phytic Acid Coating With Gradient Structure for High-Efficiency and Durable Flame Retardant Cotton Fabric With Good Physical and Mechanical Properties

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.21203/rs.3.rs-697928/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xinhua Liu ◽

Hailong Liu ◽

Yinchun Fang

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Flame Retardant ◽

Cotton Fabric ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Cotton Fabrics ◽

Gradient Structure ◽

Layer By Layer ◽

Assembly Method ◽

Lbl Assembly ◽

Coated Cotton

Abstract In this study, intumescent flame retardant coating of polyethylenimine/phytic acid (PEI/PA) with gradient structure was constructed on cotton fabric through facile layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly method. The LOI value of coated cotton fabric reached over 40% indicating excellent flame retardancy. Reasonable controlling the LBL assembly process of PEI/PA coating brought less influence to the physical properties of cotton fabrics. And the coated cotton fabric revealed good flame retardant washing durability. Thermogravimetric analysis results of coated cotton fabrics showed that PEI/PA flame retardant coating changed the thermal decomposition process and promoted char formation revealing the obviously condensed phase flame retardant action. SEM images of char residues revealed that PEI/PA flame retardant coating promoted to form the intumescent flame retardant (IFR) char layer showing obvious IFR action. This research provides novel strategy for the development of high-efficiency flame retardant cotton fabric with good durability and physical properties using simple LBL assembly method.

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Layer by layer assembly of antibacterial inclusion complexes

International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology ◽

10.1108/ijcst-03-2016-0032 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 368-377

Author(s):

Sule Ugur ◽

Merih Sarıışık ◽

Gizem Türkoğlu ◽

Gökhan Erkan ◽

Emre Erden

Keyword(s):

Water Vapor ◽

Inclusion Complex ◽

Cotton Fabric ◽

Self Assembly ◽

Water Vapor Permeability ◽

Cotton Fabrics ◽

Vapor Permeability ◽

Layer By Layer ◽

Content Type ◽

Assembly Method

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to create a textile material which shows antibacterial activity with resistance to environmental conditions by using volatile active agent inclusion complex and self-assembly method. Design/methodology/approach – An inclusion complex of carvacrol and β-CD is generated by kneading method and deposited on the cotton fabrics by using a nanofabrication method named as layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition method. Three different concentration of CD and CD:Car aqueous solutions were deposited on cotton fabrics. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), antimicrobial efficacy test of fabrics against washing and some physical tests (water vapor permeability, air permeability) were performed on the fabrics before and after the treatment with CD to evaluate the effect of the LbL process on cotton fabric properties. Findings – The results showed that the coated fabrics with CD/CD:Car multilayer films enhanced the antimicrobial efficacy of cotton fabrics against to Klebsiella pneumonia and Staphylococus aureus bacteria. Air and water vapor permeability properties of the cotton fabric effected after the LbL deposition process sure enough. With SEM and FTIR-ATR analysis the CD:Car complex presence were verified. The durability of antibacterial properties were analyzed after one and ten washing (40°C and 30 min) cycles. Originality/value – This work provides a novel and simple method for CD and inclusion complex of carvacrol film deposition by self-assembly method on cotton fabrics and their application onto cotton fabrics to gain antibacterial property.

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Development of thermally stable and hygienic colored cotton fabric made by treatment with natural coconut shell extract

Journal of Industrial Textiles ◽

10.1177/1528083717725113 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 87-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

MD Teli ◽

Pintu Pandit

Keyword(s):

Fourier Transform ◽

Flame Retardant ◽

Cotton Fabric ◽

Oxygen Index ◽

Fourier Transform Infrared ◽

Cotton Fabrics ◽

Energy Dispersive ◽

Coconut Shell ◽

Flame Resistance ◽

Limiting Oxygen Index

As far as the value addition of textile is concerned, flame retardancy of textile materials is considered to be one of the most important properties in textile finishing by both industries as well as academic researchers. Flame-retardant property with thermal stability was imparted to cotton by using green coconut ( Cocos nucifera Linn) shell extract, a natural waste source of coconut. Coconut shell extract was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry and its phytochemical analysis was also carried out. The coconut shell extract (acidic after extraction) was applied in three different pH (acidic, neutral, and alkaline) conditions to the cotton fabric. Flame-retardant properties of the untreated and the treated cotton fabrics were analyzed by limiting oxygen index and vertical flammability. The study showed that all the treated fabrics had good flame resistance property compared to that of the untreated fabric. The limiting oxygen index value was found to increase by 72.2% after application of the coconut shell extract from alkaline pH. Pyrolysis and char formation behavior of the concerned fabrics were studied using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetric analysis in a nitrogen atmosphere. The physicochemical composition of the untreated and coconut shell extract treated cotton fabrics were analyzed by attenuated total reflection–Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscope, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Also, treated cotton fabric showed natural brown color and antibacterial property against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The durability of the flame-retardant functionality to washing with soap solution has also been studied and reported in this paper.

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Fabrication of thermo-regulating cotton fabric with enhanced flame retardancy via layer-by-layer assembly

10.21203/rs.3.rs-230002/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yunbo Chen ◽

Xiangyu Zhu ◽

Xiang Li ◽

Bijia Wang ◽

Zhiping Mao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flame Retardancy ◽

High Performance ◽

Cotton Fabrics ◽

Melting Enthalpy ◽

Residual Carbon ◽

Layer By Layer ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Infrared Thermal Imaging ◽

Limiting Oxygen Index ◽

Lbl Assembly

Abstract The lack of thermo-regulation functionality and high flammability of cotton fabrics greatly restrict their application in high-performance fields. Herein, we report a versatile layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly strategy for introducing to cotton fabrics a multilayered coating consisted of phase change microcapsules and ammonium polyphosphate, endowing them with thermo-regulating and flame retardancy. The coated fabrics were characterized by limiting oxygen index (LOI), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and infrared thermal imaging. The fabric deposited with 20 bilayers (MCPM/APP-20) showed improved flame retardancy with a LOI of 24.4% and residual carbon of 34.24%. It also shows a melting enthalpy of 30.16 J/g, which transferred to a temperature difference of 6.4 ℃ compared with pristine cotton. The functional endowed by the LbL assembly was reasonably durable, with melting enthalpy and residual carbon of MPCM/APP-20 reduced to 17.14 J/g and 19.82% after 30 laundering cycles. These results suggest that LbL assembly was a convenient way for functionalization of cotton fabrics.

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Effect of Sepiolite-Loaded Fe2O3 on Flame Retardancy of Waterborne Polyurethane

Advances in Polymer Technology ◽

10.1155/2021/3596591 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Tong Xu ◽

Di Qian ◽

Yelei Hu ◽

Yuanzhao Zhu ◽

Yi Zhong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flame Retardant ◽

Waterborne Polyurethane ◽

Layer By Layer ◽

Solution Deposition ◽

Good Thermal Stability ◽

Layer Method ◽

Combustion Tests ◽

Microscopic Morphology ◽

Coated Cotton ◽

Thermal Stability Of

In this study, a kind of inorganic composite flame retardant (Sep@Fe2O3) was prepared by combining solution deposition and calcination methods using sepiolite microfiber material as carrier. This inorganic compound flame retardant was combined with waterborne polyurethane (WPU) through layer-by-layer method to prepare WPU composites. The SEM and EDS, TEM, and XRD were used to characterize the microscopic morphology and crystal structure of WPU composites. Thermogravimetric analysis tests confirmed the good thermal stability of WPU/Sep@Fe2O3 composites; at the temperature of 600°C, the carbon residual percentage of WPU/Sep, WPU/Fe2O3, and WPU/Sep@Fe2O3 composites is 7.3%, 12.2%, and 13.4%, respectively, higher than that of WPU (1.4%). Vertical combustion tests proved better flame-retardant property of WPU/Sep@Fe2O3 composite-coated cotton than noncoated cotton. The microcalorimeter test proved that the PHRR of WPU/Sep@Fe2O3 composites decreased by 61% compared with that of WPU. In addition, after combining with Sep@Fe2O3, the breaking strength of WPU increased by 35%.

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Preparation and Mechanism of Flame-Retardant Cotton Fabric with Phosphoramidate Siloxane Polymer through Multistep Coating

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym12071538 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 1538

Author(s):

Denghui Xu ◽

Shijie Wang ◽

Yimin Wang ◽

Yun Liu ◽

Chaohong Dong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽

Flame Retardant ◽

Flame Retardancy ◽

Cotton Fabrics ◽

Attenuated Total Reflection ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Cone Calorimetry ◽

Siloxane Polymer ◽

Coated Cotton

To improve the water solubility of phosphoramidate siloxane and decrease the amount of flame-retardant additives used in the functional coating for cotton fabrics, a water-soluble phosphoramidate siloxane polymer (PDTSP) was synthesized by sol-gel technology and flame-retardant cotton fabrics were prepared with a multistep coating process. A vertical flammability test, limited oxygen index (LOI), thermogravimetric analysis, and cone calorimetry were performed to investigate the thermal behavior and flame retardancy of PDTSP-coated fabrics. The coated cotton fabrics and their char residues after combustion were studied by attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). All results presented that PDTSP-coated cotton fabrics had good flame retardancy and char-forming properties. PDTSP coating was demonstrated to posess gas-phase flame-retardant mechanism as well as a condensed phase flame-retardant mechanism, which can be confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-IR) and cone calorimetry test. Also, the preparation process had little effect on the tensile strength of cotton fabrics, although the air permeability and whiteness had a slight decrease. After different washing cycles, the coated samples still maintained good char-forming properties.

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Photochromic microcapsules anchored on cotton fabric by layer-by-layer self-assembly method with erasable property

Reactive and Functional Polymers ◽

10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104762 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 157 ◽

pp. 104762

Author(s):

Zhichao He ◽

Wei Wang ◽

Ji Fan ◽

Bingwei Bao ◽

Xintong Qin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cotton Fabric ◽

Self Assembly ◽

Layer By Layer ◽

Assembly Method

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Dye aggregation in layer-by-layer dyeing of cotton fabrics

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c5ra27019g ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (24) ◽

pp. 20286-20293 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Farzana Khan ◽

Panpan Liu ◽

Fujun Xu ◽

Ying Ma ◽

Yiping Qiu

Keyword(s):

Cotton Fabrics ◽

Layer By Layer ◽

Lbl Assembly ◽

Dye Aggregation ◽

Assembly Technique

This work utilizes layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technique to dye cotton fabrics and investigates the dye aggregation in these polymer matrixes.

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Flammability and thermal properties of cotton fabrics modified with a novel flame retardant containing triazine and phosphorus components

Textile Research Journal ◽

10.1177/0040517516652349 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 87 (11) ◽

pp. 1367-1376 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Chaohong Dong ◽

Zhou Lu ◽

Peng Wang ◽

Ping Zhu ◽

Xuechao Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Release ◽

Flame Retardant ◽

Cotton Fabric ◽

Flame Retardancy ◽

Decomposition Temperature ◽

Cotton Fabrics ◽

Cone Calorimetry ◽

Limiting Oxygen Index ◽

Untreated Cotton ◽

Index Value

A novel formaldehyde-free flame retardant containing phosphorus and dichlorotriazine components (CTAP) for cotton fabrics was synthesized. As an active group, the dichlorotriazine could react with cotton fabric via covalent reaction. The addition of 20.7 wt% CTAP into the cotton fabric obtained a high limiting oxygen index value of 31.5%, which was 13.5% higher than the pure cotton fabric. The results of heat release rate, total heat release and effective heat combustion indicated that CTAP effectively imparted flame retardancy to cotton fabric by the cone calorimetry test. With respect to the untreated cotton fabrics, the treated cotton fabrics degraded at lower decomposition temperature and form a consistent and compact char layer, which could be observed by thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Compared to the untreated cotton fabrics, CTAP performed an effective role in flame retardancy for treated cotton fabrics. Meanwhile, it stimulated the formation of char and promoted the thermal stability of treated cotton fabrics during combustion.

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Correlation of Montmorillonite Sheet Thickness and Flame Retardant Behavior of a Chitosan–Montmorillonite Nanosheet Membrane Assembled on Flexible Polyurethane Foam

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym11020213 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 213 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Peng Chen ◽

Yunliang Zhao ◽

Wei Wang ◽

Tingting Zhang ◽

Shaoxian Song

Keyword(s):

Flame Retardant ◽

Flame Retardancy ◽

Sheet Thickness ◽

Wall Structure ◽

Layer By Layer ◽

Lbl Assembly ◽

Assembly Technology ◽

Flexible Polyurethane Foam ◽

Flexible Polyurethane ◽

Different Thickness

Polymer–clay membranes constructed via the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly, with a nanobrick wall structure, are known to exhibit high flame retardancy. In this work, chitosan–montmorillonite nanosheet (CH–MMTNS) membranes with different thickness of MMTNS were constructed to suppress the flammability of flexible polyurethane (FPU) foam. It was found that a thinner MMTNS membrane was more efficient in terms of reducing the flammability of the FPU foam. This was because such MMTNS membrane could deposit cheek by jowl and form a dense CH–MMTNS membrane on the foam surface, thus greatly limiting the translation of heat, oxygen, and volatile gases. In contrast, a thicker MMTNS constructed a fragmentary CH–MMTNS membrane on the coated foam surface, due to its greater gravity and weaker electrostatic attraction of chitosan; thus, the flame retardancy of a thick MMTNS membrane was lower. Moreover, the finding of different deposition behaviors of MMTNS membranes with different thickness may suggest improvements for the application of clay with the LbL assembly technology.

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