scholarly journals Anti-parasitic activity of nano Citrullus colocynthis and nano Capparis spinose against Trichomonas vaginalis in vitro

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musafer Alardi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Citrullus Colocynthis ◽  
Capparis Spinosa ◽  
Parasitic Activity ◽  
Animal Tests

Abstract The use of plant extracts and the benefit of their unique properties in treating various pathogens is the return to mother nature, and an attempt to overcome the problems of side effects resulting from the use of chemical drugs and the ability of some pathogens to resist these drugs. Nanotechnology has strengthened the ability of drugs to reach the target and reduced the size and amount of dose needed for treatment.Nano-extracts of Citrullus colocynthis and Capparis spinosa at concentrations of (100,250 and 500) ppm prepared to the treatment Trichomonas vaginalis in vitro at the time (12 , 24, 72)h. Results compared with the use of 0.1% of metronidazole (500 mg).The results showed that the concentrations (100,250, 500) ppm of C. colocynthis had an inhibitory activity for the growth rate (43.77, 69.15, 89.89) at the time (12, 24 and 72) hours, respectively. The inhibitory activity of C. spinosa was (43.18, 67.41, 87.04) at the same time and concentration, compared with metronidazole (43.47, 70.40, 87.04) at the same time. Neither plants showed severe effects in hemolysis.From the results, it can be concluded that either plant can be used as an alternative to metronidazole after completing human and animal tests.

scholarly journals Yeast-based automated high-throughput screens to identify anti-parasitic lead compounds

Open Biology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 120158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Bilsland ◽  
Andrew Sparkes ◽  
Kevin Williams ◽  
Harry J. Moss ◽  
Michaela de Clare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Trypanosoma Brucei ◽  
Fluorescent Proteins ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Dihydrofolate Reductases ◽  
Parasitic Activity ◽  
High Throughput Screens ◽  
Specific Inhibitors

We have developed a robust, fully automated anti-parasitic drug-screening method that selects compounds specifically targeting parasite enzymes and not their host counterparts, thus allowing the early elimination of compounds with potential side effects. Our yeast system permits multiple parasite targets to be assayed in parallel owing to the strains’ expression of different fluorescent proteins. A strain expressing the human target is included in the multiplexed screen to exclude compounds that do not discriminate between host and parasite enzymes. This form of assay has the advantages of using known targets and not requiring the in vitro culture of parasites. We performed automated screens for inhibitors of parasite dihydrofolate reductases, N -myristoyltransferases and phosphoglycerate kinases, finding specific inhibitors of parasite targets. We found that our ‘hits’ have significant structural similarities to compounds with in vitro anti-parasitic activity, validating our screens and suggesting targets for hits identified in parasite-based assays. Finally, we demonstrate a 60 per cent success rate for our hit compounds in killing or severely inhibiting the growth of Trypanosoma brucei , the causative agent of African sleeping sickness.

A Review on Herbal Treatments for Trichomonas Vaginalis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Rahmani ◽  
Yahya Ehteshaminia ◽  
Hamid Mohammadi ◽  
Seif Ali Mahdavi
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Patient Acceptance ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Introduction: Trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan parasite that infects the urogenital tract of men and women and causes trichomoniasis, a common sexually transmitted disease in both men and women. The infection is often asymptomatic, but it can be accompanied by symptoms such as severe inflammation, itching and burning, foamy discharge and foul-smelling mucus. In one year, 250 million cases of Trichomonas vaginalis were reported worldwide. Material and Methods: In this study, the websites of PubMed, Google Scholar, SID, and Margiran were searched and related articles were reviewed.    Results: Today, the most common treatment for this disease is the use of metronidazole. However, its side effects, which include hematological and neurotoxic effects, cannot be ignored. Because of these side effects, researchers are looking for a suitable replacement for metronidazole in the treatment of trichomoniasis. Researchers' desire to use  herbs can be due to various reasons such as fewer side effects, better patient acceptance, recommendation of traditional medicine, lower prices of herbs and also compatibility with the normal physiological function of the human body. Conclusion: Considering the inhibitory effects of medicinal plants on the growth and proliferation of Trichomonas vaginalis in vitro, it can be concluded that the use of these plants can have many applications in the treatment of trichomoniasis. As a result, by studying more about their advantages and disadvantages, it is possible to make a drug that has higher therapeutic effects with fewer side effects.

In vitro screening of American plant extracts on Trypanosoma cruzi and Trichomonas vaginalis

2000 ◽  
Vol 71 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Muelas-Serrano ◽  
J.J Nogal ◽  
R.A Martı́nez-Dı́az ◽  
J.A Escario ◽  
A.R Martı́nez-Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
In Vitro Screening

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of Basil (Ocimum baslicum L.) and Coriander (Coriandrum satirum L.) oil extracts on Streptococus mutans

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Lourenço ◽  
Adilson Cesar Abreu Bernardi ◽  
Nadia Lunardi ◽  
Rodolfo Jorge Boeck Neto ◽  
Patricia Sigilló Mazzoni Bernardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Microdilution Method

Plant extracts and essential oils show efficiency on growth control in a wide variation of microorganisms, including filamentous fungi, yeasts and bacteria. To evaluate antimicrobial activity of plant extracts, determine the lower quantity of substance to inhibit the microorganism test growth is necessary. This value is known as Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). This study had as aim to verify the antimicrobial action and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) oil extract before S. mutans (ATCC 25175) strains. Antimicrobial activity determination was carried out by microdilution method and performed according to recommendations of CLSI (previously known as NCCLS), standard M7-A6 (NCCLS, 2003) for bacteria, and standard M27-A2 (NCCLS, 2002). All the experiments were carried out in triplicate. Results showed the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) determination by microdilution method in broth showed Ocimum basilicum L. and Coriandrum sativum L. extract oils presented inhibitory activity before S. mutans strain. Basil in 1:4 concentration is bacteriostatic and in 1:3 concentration is bactericide. Coriander in 1:2 concentration is bacteriostatic and in 1:1 concentration is bactericide. We concluded that basil presented higher inhibitory activity regarding to the coriander. We also observed as bigger the extract dilution, lower their effectivity.o assess the attitude and practice of dental professionals towards using of advance Radiographic technique.

Screening of selected plant extracts for in vitro inhibitory activity on Human Immunodeficiency Virus

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 550-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Bedoya ◽  
S. Sanchez Palomino ◽  
M. J. Abad ◽  
P. Bermejo ◽  
J. Alcami
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Preliminary in vitro tests on inhibitory activity of distinct plant extracts toward bacterial pathogens of fruit and nut trees

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Kałużna ◽  
Piotr Sobiczewski ◽  
Ana M. Dobreva ◽  
Ganka S. Baeva ◽  
Anatoli G. Dzurmanski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
In Vitro Tests

scholarly journals Efficacy of Capparis spinosa Linn Leaf and Fruit Extracts on Giardia Lambia Cysts In vitro

2021 ◽  
pp. 224-230
Author(s):  
Aram Mohamadian ◽  
Asad Mirzaei ◽  
Naser Abbasi ◽  
Razi Naserifar ◽  
Jalil Feizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Giardia Cyst ◽  
First Line ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Capparis Spinosa ◽  
Parasitic Activity

Aims: Giardia lamblia (G. lamblia) is one of the most common intestinal parasites worldwide. There are some side effects and the reports of parasite resistance to metronidazole as the first line treatment of giardiasis. Therefore, it is essential to discover an effect and safe drug to treat giardiasis. Methodology: In this study, the anti-parasitic activity of hydroalcoholic extracts of Capparis spinosa Linn (C. spinosa) leaves and fruits with different concentrations (4 to 0.125 mg/ml) was assessed against human isolates of the G. lamblia cysts and incubated at 37℃. After staining Giardia cysts with 0.1% eosin, the lethal percentage and 50% lethal concentration (LC50) of fruit and leave C. spinosa L extracts and metronidazole on G. lamblia cysts were calculated after 3, 6, 24 and 48 hours. Results: Anti-giardia activity of fruit and leaf extracts of C. spinosa was different between concentrations and time points (p<0.005). The lethal effect of both C. spinosa L extracts and metronidazole increased significantly in a concentration - and time–dependent response (P<0.0001). The highest lethal percentage of G. lamblia cysts was observed a concentration of 4 mg / ml of fruit (100%) and leaf (44%) extracts of C. spinosa L after 48 hours, respectively. LC50 values were 0.38 ± 0.02mg/ml for fruit extract, 2.32 ± 0.1 mg/ml for leaf extract and 0.53 ± 0.03 µg/ml for metronidazole after 48hours. Conclusion: C. spinosa can be effective in eliminating Giardia cyst of contaminated environments and water.

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