scholarly journals Are Cities Developing Climate Change Awareness? Two Case Studies for Assessing and Developing Cities’ Climate Awareness Through a Framework

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Iturriza ◽  
Josune Hernantes ◽  
Leire Labaka
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Step Process ◽  
Creation Process ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
Developing Cities ◽  
Gradual Process ◽  
The City

Abstract Cities are dealing with the challenge of climate change (CC). However, due to a lack of awareness on the part of certain city stakeholders, cities’ plans, strategies and studies dealing with CC have been hampered. Studies have demonstrated that city stakeholders become engaged and act collaboratively when they become aware of CC, yet the studies that highlight the need to become aware do not address how this awareness might be developed. This paper presents a framework to develop climate awareness in city stakeholders through a co-creation process that uses different research methods and 67 expert participation of different nationalities and backgrounds. The framework, under the name Climate Awareness Development framework, defines the city stakeholder climate awareness-development process through four attributes that are activated by four mechanisms during a four-step gradual process that leads to higher awareness levels. The steps are complemented by a set of nine policies that boost progression along the four-step process. The contribution of our research is highlighted through the comparison of two case studies in the city of Kristiansand (Norway) and Donostia (Spain).

scholarly journals Overcoming obstacles to parkland acquisition: an analysis of the City of Toronto's parkland acquisition tools, why they have failed the downtown, and what can be done about it

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Lewis Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Land Supply ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
Planning Framework ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Timely Fashion ◽  
The City

Since the mid-1900s, municipal parkland acquisition in North America has occurred largely through the development process. This paper asks how well Toronto’s existing acquisition tools and policies are meeting the needs of present and future populations in the downtown. Research was conducted through a review of the literature, policy and budgetary analysis, and twelve key informant interviews with municipal parks staff, councillors, developers, a planning consultant, and community advocates. The research finds that there are many factors that have impeded parkland acquisition in the downtown, including lack of a strong planning framework, historical disbursal of cash-in-lieu funds city-wide, governance challenges, underfunding of existing operations, limited land supply, a perception of land as overpriced, inability to purchase at market price and in a timely fashion, and limited knowledge of existing tools. The paper acknowledges what has worked and concludes with recommendations to improve the City’s parkland acquisition and development framework.

Incentives for Inclusive E-Government

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-85
Author(s):  
Irene Bernhard
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Internet Services ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Contact Centers

In this chapter, the focus is on incentives for inclusive e-government. Five case studies of the implementation of contact centers in Swedish municipalities are described and discussed. The research methods used are mainly qualitative interviews with different categories of municipal personnel and with citizens. The main conclusion is that the implementation seems to contribute to increased accessibility of municipal services, even for those citizens who might have problems using Internet services. The study indicates a development towards increased equal treatment of citizens and a contribution to reducing problems related to the “digital divide.” Municipal services became more adapted to citizens' needs by using citizen-centric methods during the development process and in the daily work of the contact centers. The implementation of municipal contact centers can thus be seen as indicating incentives for local e-democracy and a step towards inclusive e-government, although there is still a need to go further in this direction.

Towards Inclusive E-Government

2013 ◽  
pp. 225-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Bernhard ◽  
Kerstin Grundén
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Internet Services ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Contact Centers

In this chapter, five case studies of the implementation of contact centers in Swedish municipalities are described and discussed with a focus on inclusive e-government. The research methods used are mainly qualitative interviews with different categories of municipal personnel and also with some citizens. The main conclusions are that the implementation of contact centers seems to contribute to increased accessibility of municipal services, even for those citizens who might have problems using Internet services. The study indicates that development towards increased equal treatment of citizens and a contribution to reducing problems is mainly related to the “digital divide.” Municipal services became more adapted to citizens’ needs by using citizen-centric methods and dialogue during the development process and in the daily work of the contact centers. The implementation of municipal contact centers can thus be seen as a step towards inclusive e-government, but there is still a need to go further in this direction.

scholarly journals A Study of the Client Culture Influences on the Creation of Tailored Design Homes in New Communities Around Cairo

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Karim Kesseiba
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Life Patterns ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cultural Traits ◽  
Tailored Design ◽  
The City

The design process of residential homes is one of the most dynamic ones, due to its strong interrelation with the life patterns, economical strategies, needs and cultural traits of the clients. This is relevant in the case of tailored design homes in the new suburbs around Cairo, where the client aims to fulfill several of his life goals and visions, in addition to the possible freedom of design creations which are not as much bounded to the limitations inside the city. Accordingly, the architect has to deal with twofold aspects, first is aiming to understand and react to the clients culture and second to produce accepted architectural values and qualities. Although both aspects appear to be intertwined, however, case studies reflected that in several aspects, the clients’ culture affects the production of the aspired design vision. Thus, the paper aims to discuss the dilemma through two case studies in one of the gated communities around Cairo, based on qualitative analysis of how the designer managed to mediate the design of tailored homes between the clients’ culture and the production of valued architectural quality. This study will be based on the brief and anonymous explanation of the social profile of the clients’ social background which acted as the motivator in the design process, based on interviews with architect who worked in the design development process.

scholarly journals Overcoming obstacles to parkland acquisition: an analysis of the City of Toronto's parkland acquisition tools, why they have failed the downtown, and what can be done about it

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Lewis Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Land Supply ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
Planning Framework ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Governance Challenges ◽  
Timely Fashion ◽  
The City

Since the mid-1900s, municipal parkland acquisition in North America has occurred largely through the development process. This paper asks how well Toronto’s existing acquisition tools and policies are meeting the needs of present and future populations in the downtown. Research was conducted through a review of the literature, policy and budgetary analysis, and twelve key informant interviews with municipal parks staff, councillors, developers, a planning consultant, and community advocates. The research finds that there are many factors that have impeded parkland acquisition in the downtown, including lack of a strong planning framework, historical disbursal of cash-in-lieu funds city-wide, governance challenges, underfunding of existing operations, limited land supply, a perception of land as overpriced, inability to purchase at market price and in a timely fashion, and limited knowledge of existing tools. The paper acknowledges what has worked and concludes with recommendations to improve the City’s parkland acquisition and development framework.

scholarly journals Are Cities Aware Enough? A Framework for Developing City Awareness to Climate Change

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Iturriza ◽  
Josune Hernantes ◽  
Ahmed A. Abdelgawad ◽  
Leire Labaka
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Delphi Study ◽  
Proactive Behavior ◽  
Step Process ◽  
Creation Process ◽  
Do So

Cities are growing and becoming more complex, and as they continue to do so, their capacity to deal with foreseen and unforeseen challenges derived from climate change has to adapt accordingly. In the last decade, an effort has been made to build city resilience and improve cities’ capacity to respond to, recover from and adapt to climate change. However, certain city stakeholders’ lack of proactive behavior has resulted in less effective city resilience-building strategies. In this sense, the importance of developing stakeholders’ awareness of climate change in order to ensure proactivity is documented in the literature. However, there is a lack of studies that define how, when and what should be done to develop stakeholders’ climate change awareness at a city scale. This paper presents a framework to develop stakeholders climate change awareness as a result of a systematic literature review and a co-creation process with the participation of 47 experts through a focus group and a Delphi study. The framework defines a four-step process and includes nine policies that seek to develop stakeholders’ climate change awareness. The framework concludes determining the responsibilities of each stakeholder by defining the policies they should implement, and the effect one policy might cause on other stakeholders and among policies.

Incentives for Inclusive E-Government

2015 ◽  
pp. 304-327
Author(s):  
Irene Bernhard
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Internet Services ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Contact Centers

In this chapter, the focus is on incentives for inclusive e-government. Five case studies of the implementation of contact centers in Swedish municipalities are described and discussed. The research methods used are mainly qualitative interviews with different categories of municipal personnel and with citizens. The main conclusion is that the implementation seems to contribute to increased accessibility of municipal services, even for those citizens who might have problems using Internet services. The study indicates a development towards increased equal treatment of citizens and a contribution to reducing problems related to the “digital divide.” Municipal services became more adapted to citizens' needs by using citizen-centric methods during the development process and in the daily work of the contact centers. The implementation of municipal contact centers can thus be seen as indicating incentives for local e-democracy and a step towards inclusive e-government, although there is still a need to go further in this direction.

TATA RUANG KOTA CIAMIS PASCAPERDAGANGAN DUNIA ABAD KE-19 – 20

PANALUNGTIK ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-60
Author(s):  
Nanang Saptono
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Research Data ◽  
City Development ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Economic Infrastructure ◽  
Ancient Maps ◽  
The City

The capital of Ciamis Regency has experienced several displacements. During the reign of Raden Adipati Aria Kusumadiningrat the development of the capital was encouraged to develop into a city. After the kulturstelsel era, many European capitalists invested in Ciamis. At the beginning of the 20th century economic infrastructure, especially the means of distribution of commodities is much needed. Building economic facilities have sprung up in several locations in Ciamis. Such conditions result in the development of the city. This study aims to get a picture of the spatial layout of Ciamis and the city development process. The research method applied descriptive research. Data collection is done through direct observation in the field and accompanied by the utilization of instrument in the form of ancient maps. In the area of Ciamis City there are still some old building objects that can be used as a spatial bookmark of the city. At a glance the city's development spontaneously, but visible on the basis of existing infrastructure, in the 20th century the city of Ciamis showed a planned city. The growth of Ciamis city is of course influenced by several factors including economic and geographical factors.Keywords: city, layout, planned, industrial area

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