scholarly journals Molecular Detection and Clinical Characteristics of Bacterial and Viral Main Etiological Agents Causing Respiratory Tract Infections in Tehran, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taher Azimi Sarikhanbaghloo ◽  
Ramin Hamidi-Farahani ◽  
Ali Asgari ◽  
Jalil Rajabi ◽  
Mousa Ahmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Influenza B Virus ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Etiological Agents ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Military

Abstract Background: Respiratory tract infections are one of the most important infections among military personals, worldwide. The present study aimed to survey the prevalence of bacterial and viral main etiological agents causing respiratory tract infections among the military personnel in Iran. A cross-sectional study was performed from September 2020 to February 2021. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken from patients, military personnel with respiratory tract infection symptoms. Detection of COVID-19 was performed with one step qRT-PCR method. TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR assay was used for the detection of influenza A and B viruses. The prevalence of adenovirus and M. pneumoniae were determined using nested PCR. Moreover, B. pertussis and S. pyogenes were identified by conventional PCR assay. The detection of H. influenzae was performed by multiplex PCR method. Results: Overall, 145 patients were included. Among viral pathogens, COVID-19, influenza A virus, and adenovirus were identified in 85.5%, 4.1%, and 1.4% of patients, respectively. Influenza B virus was not detected among military personnel. The frequency of bacteria etiological agents was as follows: S. pyogenes (2%), M. pneumoniae (0.7%), H. influenzae (0%), and B. pertussis (0%). Muscle aches (75.9%), headache (70.3%), lethargy (69%), cough (66.2%), stuffy nose (56.6%), fever (53.8%), and sore throat (53.1%) were amongst the most common clinical symptoms. Conclusions: Results showed that the military personals are the susceptible group to COVID-19 infection. Therefore, the accurate detection and implementation of control strategies such as vaccination are necessary.

scholarly journals Epidemiological and virological characteristics of respiratory tract infections in children during COVID-19 outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueling Zhu ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Binbin Yang ◽  
Ruiying Qian ◽  
Fang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Outpatient Visits ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background To investigate the impact of protective measures and isolation on respiratory tract infections in children during the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods We extracted data on outpatient visits and respiratory infection visits, and tests of respiratory viruses (adenovirus (ADV), influenza A (FluA), influenza B (FluB) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)) from electronic healthcare records in Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine during the COVID-19 outbreak (January–April, 2020), compared with those in 2018 and 2019 during the same periods. Results We found that outpatient visits in January, 2020 was comparable with those in 2018 and 2019, but decreased by 59.9% (288,003 vs. 717,983) and 57.4% (288,003 vs. 676,704), respectively during the period of February-April, 2020, as compared with the same periods in 2018 and 2019. The total number of respiratory tract infections from January to April 2020 decreased by 65.7% (119,532 vs.348,762) and 59.0% (119,532 vs.291,557), respectively compared with the same periods in 2018 and 2019. The proportion of respiratory tract infections during the outbreak also dropped compared with the same periods in 2018 and 2019 (P<0.001). We also found significantly decreased number of completed tests for respiratory viruses and positive cases of ADV, FluA, FluB, and RSV during February-April, 2020. Conclusions In this study, we found that outpatient visits and respiratory tract infections in children significantly decreased during COVID-19 outbreak. Adequate protective measures and isolation in children may help to prevent respiratory virus infections in children.

scholarly journals Seasonal trends of viral respiratory tract infections in the tropics

1998 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. CHEW ◽  
S. DORAISINGHAM ◽  
A. E. LING ◽  
G. KUMARASINGHE ◽  
B. W. LEE
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Seasonal Trends ◽  
Parainfluenza Viruses ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Viral Respiratory

To evaluate the seasonal trends of viral respiratory tract infections in a tropical environment, a retrospective survey of laboratory virus isolation, serology and immunofluorescence microscopy in two large general hospitals in Singapore between September 1990 and September 1994 was carried out. Respiratory tract viral outbreaks, particularly among infants who required hospitalization, were found to be associated mainly with respiratory syncytial (RSV) infections (72%), influenza (11%) and parainfluenza viruses (11%). Consistent seasonal variations in viral infections were observed only with RSV (March–August) and influenza A virus (peaks in June, December–January). The RSV trends were associated with higher environmental temperature, lower relative humidity and higher maximal day-to-day temperature variation. Although the influenza A outbreaks were not associated with meteorological factors, influenza B isolates were positively associated with rainfall. These data support the existence of seasonal trends of viral respiratory tract infections in the tropics.

scholarly journals Multicenter Clinical Evaluation of the Luminex Aries Flu A/B & RSV Assay for Pediatric and Adult Respiratory Tract Specimens

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 2431-2438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Juretschko ◽  
James Mahony ◽  
Richard S. Buller ◽  
Ryhana Manji ◽  
Sherry Dunbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Influenza B Virus ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Clinical Sensitivity ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT Influenza A and B viruses and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are three common viruses implicated in seasonal respiratory tract infections and are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in adults and children worldwide. In recent years, an increasing number of commercial molecular tests have become available to diagnose respiratory viral infections. The Luminex Aries Flu A/B & RSV assay is a fully automated sample-to-answer molecular diagnostic assay for the detection of influenza A, influenza B, and RSV. The clinical performance of the Aries Flu A/B & RSV assay was prospectively evaluated in comparison to that of the Luminex xTAG respiratory viral panel (RVP) at four North American clinical institutions over a 2-year period. Of the 2,479 eligible nasopharyngeal swab specimens included in the prospective study, 2,371 gave concordant results between the assays. One hundred eight specimens generated results that were discordant with those from the xTAG RVP and were further analyzed by bidirectional sequencing. Final clinical sensitivity values of the Aries Flu A/B & RSV assay were 98.1% for influenza A virus, 98.0% for influenza B virus, and 97.7% for RSV. Final clinical specificities for all three pathogens ranged from 98.6% to 99.8%. Due to the low prevalence of influenza B, an additional 40 banked influenza B-positive specimens were tested at the participating clinical laboratories and were all accurately detected by the Aries Flu A/B & RSV assay. This study demonstrates that the Aries Flu A/B & RSV assay is a suitable method for rapid and accurate identification of these causative pathogens in respiratory infections.

scholarly journals FilmArray Respiratory Panel Integrated in a field Point Of Care dispositive for the diagnosis of respiratory tract infections in rural areas in Senegal

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubert Bassene ◽  
Sophie Edouard ◽  
Georges Diatta ◽  
Jean Christophe Lagier ◽  
Oleg Mediannikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Influenza B Virus ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Field Point ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Tract Infections

The development of molecular syndrome-based kits for the diagnosis of respiratory infections offers rapid and sensitive detection of common respiratory pathogens and will have a significant impact on the care of patients. In this study, we present the results obtained after the introduction of the FilmArray respiratory panel in a field Point of care (POC) for the diagnosis of virus and bacteria responsible of respiratory tract infections in Senegal rural area. From February to August 2017, we collected nasal swabs from febrile patients that presented symptoms of respiratory tract infections in three health posts located in Niakhar. Specimens were tested on site by multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), using the FilmArray respiratory panel® that targets 20 pathogens, including 17 virus and 3 bacteria (bioMérieux). Nasal swabs were collected from 113 patients. The median age was 4 years (ranging from 4 months to 60 years) and 51 (45%) were males. The prevalence of respiratory pathogens was 37.5% (12/32) during the dry season and 54.3% (44/81) in the rainy season (p=0.16). The prevalence of respiratory pathogen carriage was higher in children under 5 years of age (38/55, 69.1%). The most prevalent micro-organisms detected were influenza B virus (16/113, 14%), human rhinovirus/enterovirus (10/113, 9%), parainfluenzae virus (9/113, 8%), respiratory syncytial virus (8/113, 7%), adenovirus (5/113, 4%), human metapneumovirus (3/113, 3%), Chlamydia pneumoniae (2/113, 2%) and Coronavirus (2/113, 2%). The study has demonstrated that the integration of the FilmArray respiratory panel into a field POC could significantly improve the management of respiratory tract infections in rural areas.

scholarly journals Epidemiological characteristics of four common respiratory viral infections in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guohong Zhu ◽  
Dan Xu ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
Tianlin Wang ◽  
Lingyan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Multiple Infection ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Preschool Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Background Viruses are the main infectious agents of acute respiratory infections in children. We aim to describe the epidemiological characteristics of viral pathogens of acute respiratory tract infections in outpatient children. Methods From April 2018 to March 2019, the results of viral detection using oral pharyngeal swabs from 103,210 children with acute respiratory tract infection in the outpatient department of the Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, were retrospectively analyzed. Viral antigens, including adenovirus (ADV), influenza A (FLUA), influenza B (FLUB) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), were detected by the colloidal gold method. Results At least one virus was detected in 38,355 cases; the positivity rate was 37.2%. A total of 1910 cases of mixed infection with two or more viruses were detected, and the positivity rate of multiple infection was 1.9%. The ADV positivity rate was highest in the 3–6-year-old group (18.7%), the FLUA positivity rate was highest in the > 6-year-old group (21.6%), the FLUB positivity rate was highest in the > 6-year-old group (6.6%), and the RSV positivity rate was highest in the < 1-year-old group (10.6%). There was a significant difference in the positivity rate of viral infection among different age groups (χ2 = 1280.7, P < 0.001). The rate of positive viral infection was highest in winter (47.1%). The ADV infection rate was highest in spring (18.2%). The rates of FLUA and FLUB positivity were highest in winter (28.8% and 3.6%, respectively). The rate of RSV positivity was highest in autumn (17.4%). The rate of positive viral infection in different seasons was significantly different (χ2 = 6459.1, P < 0.001). Conclusions Viral infection rates in children differ for different ages and seasons. The positivity rate of ADV is highest in the preschool period and that of RSV is highest in infants; that of FLU increases with age. The total positive rate of viral infection in different seasons is highest in winter, as is the rate of FLU positivity.

scholarly journals Influenza A: another cause of SIADH?

2018 ◽  
pp. bcr-2018-226154
Author(s):  
Simon Mifsud ◽  
Maria Alessandra Zammit ◽  
Ramon Casha ◽  
Claudia Fsadni
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion ◽  
Osmotic Stimulus ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Dilutional Hyponatraemia

The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secretion is a frequent cause of hyponatraemia. It is a dilutional hyponatraemia secondary to impaired urinary dilution in the absence of renal disease or any identifiable non-osmotic stimulus known to induce antidiuretic hormone secretion. SIADH can arise secondary to various respiratory tract infections; however, the association between SIADH and influenza A infection is described in only a few cases in the literature. The authors present a case report of influenza A that may have caused a profound SIADH-related hyponatraemia.

scholarly journals QuickVue Influenza Test for Rapid Detection of Influenza A and B Viruses in a Pediatric Population

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 925-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Quach ◽  
Diane Newby ◽  
Ghislaine Daoust ◽  
Earl Rubin ◽  
Jane McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Lateral Flow Immunoassay ◽  
Viral Transport ◽  
Viral Transport Medium ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT The performance of a lateral-flow immunoassay, the QuickVue Influenza Test, for detection of influenza A and B viruses in comparison with that of cell culture was evaluated by using nasopharyngeal aspirates, in viral transport medium, from children with respiratory tract infections. The sensitivity and specificity were 79.2 and 82.6%, respectively.

scholarly journals The prevalence of enteroviruses that cause respiratory infections in patients with influenzavirus A/H1N1 hospitalized in the Lublin province

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-201
Author(s):  
Adrian Jarzynski ◽  
Agata Dubas ◽  
Malgorzata Polz-Dacewicz
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Viral Respiratory

ABSTRACT Viruses that cause respiratory tract infections are the most common agents of infectious diseases in humans throughout the world. A virus that infects the respiratory system, may induce various clinical symptoms. What is more, the same symptoms may be caused by different viruses. The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence of enteroviruses that cause respiratory infections in patients with influenzavirus A/H1N1 hospitalized in the Lublin province. The experimental material was throat and nose swabs taken from patients hospitalized in Lublin and Tomaszow Lubelski. In the group of 44 patients (20 women and 24 men) infected with influenza A/H1N1, the genetic material of enteroviruses was detected in 13 patients (29.5%). Respiratory viruses co-infections are very common in hospitalized patients. Studies show that co-infection with influenza virus and enterovirus are more common in children than in adults. Moreover, viral respiratory tract infections are independent from the patients’ gender.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document