scholarly journals High burden of Self-reported Sexually Transmitted Infections among Key Populations in Mozambique: The Urgent Need for an Integrated Surveillance System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makini A.S. Boothe ◽  
Charlotte Comé ◽  
Cynthia Semá Baltazar ◽  
Noela Chicuecue ◽  
Jessica Seleme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Key Populations ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
High Burden ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Prevention Services

Abstract Background: Key populations - men who have sex with men (MSM), female sex workers (FSW) and people who inject drugs (PWID) – are at high risk for sexually transmitted infections (STI) given their sexual risk behaviours along with social, legal and structural barriers to prevention, care and treatment services. The purpose of this secondary analysis is to assess the prevalence of self-reported STIs and to describe associated risk factors among participations of the first Biological Behavioural Surveillance (BBS) in Mozambique. Methods: Responses from the first BBS surveys conducted in 2011-2014 were aggregated across survey-cities to produce pooled estimates for each population. Aggregate weighted estimates were computed to analyse self-reported STI prevalence. Unweighted pooled estimates were used in multivariable logistic regression to identify risk factors associated with self-reported STI. Results: The prevalence of self-reported STI was 11.9% (95% CI: 7.8-16.0), 33.6% (95% CI: 29.0-41.3), and 22.0% (95% CI: 17.0-27.0) among MSM, FSW and PWID, respectively. MSM who were circumcised, had HIV, reported drug use, reported receptive anal sex, and non-condom use with their last male partner had greater odds of STI self-report. STI-self report among FSW was associated with living in Beira, being married, employment aside from sex work, physical violence, sexual violence, drug use, access to comprehensive HIV prevention services, non-condom use with last client, and sexual relationship with a non-client romantic partner. Among PWID, risk factors for self-reported STI included living in Nampula/Nacala, access to HIV prevention services, and sex work.Conclusion: The high-burden of STIs among survey participants requires integrated HIV and STI prevention, treatment, and harm reduction services that address overlapping risk behaviours, especially injection drug use and sex work. A robust public health response requires the creation of a national STI surveillance system for better screening and diagnostic procedures within these vulnerable populations.

scholarly journals High burden of Self-reported Sexually Transmitted Infections among Key Populations in Mozambique: The Urgent Need for an Integrated Surveillance System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makini A.S. Boothe ◽  
Charlotte Comé ◽  
Cynthia Semá Baltazar ◽  
Noela Chicuecue ◽  
Jessica Seleme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Key Populations ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
High Burden ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Prevention Services

Abstract Background: Key populations - men who have sex with men (MSM), female sex workers (FSW) and people who inject drugs (PWID) – are at high risk for sexually transmitted infections (STI) given their sexual risk behaviours along with social, legal and structural barriers to prevention, care and treatment services. The purpose of this secondary analysis is to assess the prevalence of self-reported STIs and describe associated risk factors among participations of the first Biological Behavioural Surveillance (BBS) in Mozambique.Methods: Responses from the first BBS surveys conducted in 2011-2014 were aggregated across survey-cities to produce pooled estimates for each population. Aggregate weighted estimates were computed to analyse self-reported STI prevalence. Unweighted pooled estimates were used in multivariable logistic regression to identify risk factors associated with self-reported STI. Results: The prevalence of self-reported STI was 11.9% (95% CI: 7.8-16.0), 33.6% (95% CI: 29.0-41.3), and 22.0% (95% CI: 17.0-27.0) among MSM, FSW and PWID, respectively. MSM who were circumcised, had HIV, reported drug use, reported receptive anal sex, and non-condom use with their last male partner had greater odds of STI self-report. STI-self report among FSW was associated with living in Beira, being married, employment aside from sex work, physical violence, sexual violence, drug use, access to comprehensive HIV prevention services, non-condom use with last client, and sexual relationship with a non-client romantic partner. Among PWID, risk factors for self-reported STI included living in Nampula/Nacala, access to HIV prevention services, and sex work.Conclusion: The high-burden of STIs among survey participants requires integrated HIV and STI prevention, treatment, and harm reduction services that address overlapping risk behaviours, especially injection drug use and sex work. A robust public health response requires the creation of a national STI surveillance system for better screening and diagnostic procedures within these vulnerable populations.

scholarly journals High Burden of Self-Reported Sexually Transmitted Infections among Key Populations in Mozambique: The Urgent Need for an Integrated STI Surveillance System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makini A.S. Boothe ◽  
Charlotte Comé ◽  
Cynthia Semá Baltazar ◽  
Noela Chicuecue ◽  
Jessica Seleme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Key Populations ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
High Burden ◽  
Prevention Services ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Background: Key populations - men who have sex with men (MSM), female sex workers (FSW) and people who inject drugs (PWID) – are at high risk for STI infection given their sexual risk behaviours along with social, legal and structural barriers to prevention, care and treatment services. The purpose of this secondary analysis is to assess the prevalence of self-reported STIs among participations of the first Biological Behavioural Surveillance (BBS) in Mozambique and to describe associated risk factors.Methods: Responses from the first BBS surveys conducted in 2011-2014 were aggregated across survey-cities to produce pooled estimates for each population. Aggregate RDS-weighted estimates were computed to analyse self-reported STI prevalence. Unweighted pooled estimates were used in multivariable logistic regression to identify associated risk factors. Results: The prevalence of self-reported STI was 11.9% (95% CI: 7.8-16.0), 33.6% (95% CI: 29.0-41.3), and 22.0% (95% CI: 17.0-27.0) among MSM, FSW and PWID, respectively. MSM who were circumcised, had HIV, reported drug use, reported receptive anal sex, and non-condom use with their last male partner had greater odds of STI self-report. STI-self report among FSW was associated with living in Beira, being married, employment aside from sex work, physical violence, sexual violence, drug use, access to comprehensive HIV prevention services, non-condom use with last client, and sexual relationship with a non-client romantic partner. Among PWID, risk factors for self-reported STI infection included living in Nampula, access to HIV prevention services, and sex work.Conclusion: The high-burden of STIs among survey participants requires integrated HIV and STI prevention, treatment, and harm reduction services that address overlapping risk behaviours, especially injection drug use and sex work. A robust public health response requires the creation of a national STI surveillance system for better screening and diagnostic procedures within these vulnerable populations.

scholarly journals High burden of self-reported sexually transmitted infections among key populations in Mozambique: the urgent need for an integrated surveillance system

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Makini A. S. Boothe ◽  
Charlotte Comé ◽  
Cynthia Semá Baltazar ◽  
Noela Chicuecue ◽  
Jessica Seleme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Key Populations ◽  
High Burden ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

The diagnosis of hepatitis C in a semi-rural genitourinary medicine clinic

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 847-849
Author(s):  
A R Markos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Intravenous Drug Use ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Routine Test ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
History Of ◽  
Genitourinary Medicine

A retrospective casenote study was conducted to examine the risk factors for patients who were diagnosed as hepatitis C (HCV)-positive (between 1999 and 2001) in a semi-rural genitourinary medicine (GUM) setting in Staffordshire, UK. There was a remarkable escalation in the number of reported HCV-positive cases, year on year, in our study. The majority of the positive cases (20/21) gave a history of previous intravenous drug use (IVDU). The incidence of other sexually transmitted infections were reportedly high in our HCV-positive patients. The increasing number of reported HCV-positive cases in the GUM clinic of the semirural Staffordshire setting, may reflect a national pattern that needs further investigations. We advise that HCV serology should be offered to GUM clients (who have a history of IVDU), and to their sex partners. They should also be advised to take tests to exclude other STDs. The case for offering HCV serology as a routine test for patients who request 'the exclusion of STDs' is still undecided.

scholarly journals Risk behaviours by type of concurrency among young people in three STI clinics in the United States

Sexual Health ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen L. Hess ◽  
Pamina M. Gorbach ◽  
Lisa E. Manhart ◽  
Bradley P. Stoner ◽  
David H. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
African American ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Population Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Concurrent Sexual Partnerships ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
African American Race

Background Concurrent sexual partnerships can increase sexually transmissible infections (STI) transmission on a population level. However, different concurrency types may be associated with differential risks for transmission. To investigate this, we describe the prevalence and correlates of four specific concurrency types. Methods: Between 2001 and 2004, 1098 young adults attending three STI clinics were interviewed and tested for STIs. Characteristics associated with concurrency types were identified using logistic regression. Results: Approximately one-third of respondents reported reactive (34%), transitional (36%), compensatory (32%) and experimental (26%) concurrency. Among men, reactive concurrency was associated with not identifying as heterosexual, drug use and having sex the same day as meeting a partner. Among women, reactive concurrency was associated with African-American race and having >3 lifetime partners. Transitional concurrency was associated with >3 lifetime partners for men and women. Among men, compensatory concurrency was associated with African-American race; among women, there were no associations with compensatory concurrency. Among men, experimental concurrency was associated with >3 lifetime partners and having sex the same day as meeting a partner. Among women, experimental concurrency was associated with not identifying as heterosexual, drug use and having sex the same day as meeting a partner. Conclusions: All concurrency types were common in this population and each was associated with a set of demographic and risk factors. Reactive and experimental concurrency types were associated with other high-risk behaviours, such as drug use.

The Construction of Risk and Protective Factor Indices for Adolescent Alcohol and other Drug Use

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 837-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. DeWit ◽  
Gloria Silverman ◽  
Michael Goodstadt ◽  
Gina Stoduto
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Illegal Drug Use ◽  
Main Effects

This paper applies the risk factor approach to assess the influence of protection and risk on five measures of substance use: overall involvement in drugs, frequent alcohol use, frequent illegal drug use, frequent drug abuse, and quantity of daily cigarette consumption. For each measure, it was hypothesized that an index of risk factors would serve to increase the likelihood of the occurrence of problem behavior and that an index of protection would result in a reduction. It was also hypothesized that under conditions of high risk the effect of protection would moderate the influence of risk factors more forcefully than under conditions of low risk. Data were obtained from a self-report questionnaire containing over 60 risk and protective measures administered to nearly 400 grade 9 students in 7 high schools located in Toronto, Canada. Measures were tested in a series of regression equations to construct indices of risk and protective factors for each substance measure. Results supported the hypothesis of separate risk and protective factor main effects for all categories of substances. Evidence of moderate to strong interaction effects (i.e., a moderating influence of protection) were also noted. Implications are discussed for methods of identifying high risk youth as well as programs designed to prevent/reduce problem behaviors among this group.

Sex work, drug use, HIV infection, and spread of sexually transmitted infections in Moscow, Russian Federation

The Lancet ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 366 (9479) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Shakarishvili ◽  
LK Dubovskaya ◽  
LS Zohrabyan ◽  
JS St Lawrence ◽  
SO Aral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Drug Use during Pregnancy

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Hutchins
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Psychosocial Risk Factors ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
History Of ◽  
Drug Problems ◽  
Prenatal Drug Use

Prevention and intervention services for pregnant, drug-using women have often developed prior to gaining empirical data on the antecedents of prenatal drug use. These data are important to address some of the underlying factors of drug use during pregnancy. A review of the literature indentified at least six categories of psychosocial risk factors that have been investigated as relevant to drug use among women, including pregnant women. These factors include: (1) history of childhood sexual abuse, (2) family history of alcohol or drug problems, (3) male partner's alcohol or drug use, (4) current depression, (5) social support, and (6) homelessness or transiency. An examination of these psychosocial risk factors indicates that the existing literature on these factors in drug use is limited by a lack of methodological rigor, resulting in large variations in prevalence rates due to factors such as definition. This paper summarizes the existing literature and methodological iussues regarding the relation between psychosocial risk factors and drug use among women, including pregnant women. It also discusses some of the limitations and issues in assessing prenatal drug use with a particular focus on self-report and urine toxicologies.

Patients Misrepresenting Their Risk Factors for AIDS

1995 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 392-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Brody
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Aids Risk ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Summary: To determine the truthfulness of patients' and research subjects' self-reports of their sexual and drug use histories in studies of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) risk factors, studies of or pertinent to lying about AIDS risk factors were extracted from MEDLINE and PSYCLIT. The present paper describes normal and pathological motives for misrepresenting risk factors, and reviews the literature on such underreporting. There is much evidence for lying about anal intercourse and intravenous drug use risk factors, implying that the estimates of risk for vaginal transmission of HIV (particularly in Pattern-I industrialized countries) have been inflated. Research on HIV/AIDS behavioural risk factors must include sophisticated methods for the assessment of self-report validity, such as the use of behavioural markers, improved lie scales and interview methods, and physical methods.

scholarly journals Sexually transmitted diseases among foreigners in Italy

1997 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. SULIGOI ◽  
M. GIULIANI ◽  
THE MIGRATION MEDICINE STUDY GROUP
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Genital Warts ◽  
Sentinel Surveillance ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Central South ◽  
Very High ◽  
Sentinel Surveillance System ◽  
Latent Syphilis

A sentinel surveillance system for the control of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) among foreigners was developed in Italy in 1991. From January 1991 to June 1995, 4030 foreigners with a new STD episode were reported. More than one-third of them were North-Africans. The most frequent STDs were non-specific urethritis and genital warts among men, and non-specific vaginitis and latent syphilis among women. The overall HIV prevalence was 5%, with large differences in rates in people from different continents. Very high HIV-positivity rates were observed among homosexuals and homosexual IDUs from Central–South America, with 39·1% and 77·8% seropositive individuals respectively.These data stress the need for increased knowledge of both the spread of and risk factors for STDs among immigrants. Particular attention should be paid to counselling procedures focused on the prevention of risk behaviours for acquiring STDs and HIV infection.

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