scholarly journals Biological assessment of contaminated shooting range soil using earthworm biomarkers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jūratė Česynaitė ◽  
Marius Praspaliauskas ◽  
Nerijus Pedišius ◽  
Gintare Sujetoviene
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Biological Assessment ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Ecological Problem ◽  
Soil Toxicity ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Shooting Range ◽  
Shooting Range Soil

Abstract The contamination in shooting range soils is widely know ecological problem around the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the toxic effects of contaminated shooting range soil on physiological and biochemical endpoints of Eisenia fetida . A shooting range located in Alytus, Lithuania was chosen as a object to assess the site–specific soil toxicity to earthworm E. fetida . The elevated concentrations of Pb, Cu, Fe, Ni, Mn, Zn in soil was found along with lower organic matter content and higher soil density, especially closer to the target line. Significant weight loss was observed in earthworms exposed to soil of the most contaminated shooting range site. Significantly higher concentrations of Pb, Cu, Fe, Ni, Sb was determined in the tissues of adult worms from the very end of the shooting range. No juveniles were observed in the most contaminated soil, higher concentrations of Pb, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn were found in the tissues of juveniles exposed to the contaminated soil of study sites were concentrations of lead were lower compared to the most contaminated site, but higher compared to control. Exposure to contaminated soil caused antioxidant system alterations and lipid peroxidation. It was observed a compensatory mechanism between the activities of GR and glutathione S-transferase (GST) under trace elements induced toxicity.

Pollution and risk assessment of potential hazardous elements in a shooting range soils (NW Spain)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Rodríguez-Seijo ◽  
Manoel Lago-Vila ◽  
Daniel Arenas-Lago ◽  
María Luisa Andrade ◽  
Flora Alonso Vega
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Pollution Assessment ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Nw Spain ◽  
Shooting Range ◽  
Potentially Harmful Elements ◽  
Shooting Range Soils

Pollution at shooting ranges is an issue of growing importance. Accumulation in soils of potentially harmful elements (PHEs) from ammunitions used is a major environmental risk. The total and available (extraction with 0.01 M CaCl<sub>2</sub> and DTPA) content of As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sb and Zn were evaluated in 10 soils from a shooting range for military use (León, Spain). The results showed that, among the studied pollutants, Pb is the element present in highest concentration (13.83-4451.57 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>), followed by Sb (1.80-96.10 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>), Cu (4.50-88.52 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>), As (13.24-62.47 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>), Zn (13.31-46.19 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>), Ni (11.53-46.30 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>) and Cd (0.30-1.00 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>). The strong soil acidity, its medium organic matter content and low proportion of clay, favor a high availability of these PHEs, particularly Pb and Cu. Although impact mitigation measures, such as collecting cartridges whenever a round of shots is fired in the shooting range, the pollution assessment indicates that performances should improve in the berm. The application of organic amendments, or nanomaterials, could help reduce the PHEs availability and avoid the contamination of adjacent areas.

scholarly journals Assessing phytotoxicity and accumulation of trace elements to Lactuca sativa of a contaminated shooting range soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jūratė Česynaitė ◽  
Marius Praspaliauskas ◽  
Gintare Sujetoviene
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Bioaccumulation Factor ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Shooting Range ◽  
Fresh Biomass ◽  
Shooting Range Soil

Abstract Shooting range soil contamination with heavy metals is a common problem around the world. Usually, lead is the main contaminant in the shooting ranges. Extreme concentrations of trace elements create a toxic living environment for various plants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) grown in contaminated shooting range soil. The results showed that physiological parameters root elongation, shoot length and fresh biomass per plant was negatively affected, especially in the most contaminated site of the shooting range. At the most contaminated shooting range site shoots accumulated higher concentrations of Ni and Zn, roots – Cu, Ni, and Zn. The roots of plants grown in the most contaminated soil accumulated significantly higher concentrations of Cu, Ni and Sb in comparison with control (p < 0.05). Accumulation of Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Sb and Zn in the roots of the plants grown in the most contaminated site was higher compared to shoots (p < 0.05). Bioaccumulation factor of lettuce was lower than 1, only BF of Cu and Ni in plants from most contaminated site was significantly higher compared to control. In terms of translocation factor, the TFsoil to root of Cu and Pb among all plants and Ni in plants grown in the most contaminated site above 1 shows that metals absorbed by L.sativa were accumulated in root and lower metal translocation in shoots was determined, except for Mn.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Detoxification of Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Heavy Metals in Oil-Contaminated Soil by Using Glycine-β-Cyclodextrin

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Yun-guo Liu ◽  
Xiao-fei Tan ◽  
Guang-ming Zeng ◽  
Ji-lai Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
Petroleum Contaminated Soil ◽  
Hole Structure

Soil contamination with petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals is a widespread environmental problem. In recent years, cyclodextrin has attracted research interest because of its special hole structure that can form inclusion complexes with certain small molecules. However, the solubility of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) in water is low and it crystallizes easily, leading to its low utilization in practice. In this experiment, we connected β-CD with glycine under alkaline conditions to prepare glycine-β-cyclodextrin (G-β-CD), which is water soluble, has stronger coordinating ability with heavy metals, and is more suitable for treating oil-contaminated soil. The results show that G-β-CD provides better desorption of petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals in soils with low organic matter content (1%) and NaNO3 of 0.25 mol/L at 70 g/L G-β-CD under mildly acidic (pH 5–6) conditions. The results indicate that petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals were removed simultaneously by means of pretreatment with G-β-CD, and the results can provide a theoretical basis for remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil.

Bioavailability of Phenanthrene to Earthworms in Four Typical Soils of China

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 537-541
Author(s):  
Qing Huang ◽  
Xin Gao ◽  
Ming Ying Gui ◽  
Xiao Yan Cui ◽  
Wen Jie Tian
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Content ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has an impact on its bioremediation and environmental risk assessment. Bioavailability was affected by contaminated time, soil properties and pollutant properties. In this study, the effect of soil properties on bioavailability of phenanthrene (Phe) to earthworm was investigated. The results showed that the bioavailability to earthworm varied with soil properties. Regression analysis results showed that bioavailability of PAHs had a negative correlation with soil organic matter content, clay and cation exchange capacity (CEC) and positive correlation with pH. Conclusions of the study can be used for references to remediate the PAHs contaminated site.

scholarly journals Assessing phytotoxicity and accumulation of trace elements to Lactuca sativa of a contaminated shooting range soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurate Cesynaite ◽  
Marius Praspaliauskas ◽  
Gintare Sujetoviene
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Bioaccumulation Factor ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Shooting Range ◽  
Fresh Biomass ◽  
The World ◽  
Shooting Range Soil

Abstract Shooting range soil contamination with heavy metals is a common problem around the world. Usually, lead is the primary contaminant in the shooting ranges. Extreme concentrations of trace elements create a toxic living environment for various plants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) grown in contaminated shooting range soil. The results showed that physiological parameters root elongation, shoot length and fresh biomass per plant were negatively affected, especially in the most contaminated site in the shooting range. At the most contaminated shooting range site shoots accumulated higher concentrations of Ni and Zn, roots – Cu, Ni, and Zn. The roots of plants grown in the most contaminated soil accumulated significantly higher concentrations of Cu, Ni, and Sb than the reference and accumulation of Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Sb and Zn in the roots of the plants grown in the most contaminated site was higher compared to shoots. Bioaccumulation factor of Cu and Ni in plants from the most contaminated site was significantly higher than the reference. Metals absorbed by L. sativa were accumulated in root and lower metal translocation in shoots was determined, except for Mn.

Identification of the ecological requirements of important terrestrial ecotoxicological test species

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Jänsch ◽  
M J Amorim ◽  
J Römbke
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Biological Assessment ◽  
Natural Soils ◽  
Test Species ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Ecotoxicological Test ◽  
Field Situation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Alternative Test

For about 20 years, standardized soil ecotoxicological tests have relied on the use of an artificial soil substrate (e.g., Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development; OECD). For both the extrapolation of data obtained in the laboratory to the field situation, as well as the biological assessment of contaminated sites, this approach alone is not sufficient anymore. For this reason a literature review has been performed to investigate the ecological requirements of important terrestrial ecotoxicological test species. The invertebrate species included were Eisenia fetida, E. andrei (earthworms), Enchytraeus albidus, E. crypticus (potworms), Folsomia candida (springtails), and Hypoaspis aculeifer (predatory mites). The ecological parameters included were pH, moisture content, temperature, soil (i.e., texture, water-holding capacity, organic matter content, etc.), and food. The results indicate that most of these species should be applicable to a wide range of natural soils, while for some "extreme" soils (e.g., very acid forest soils) alternative test species will be required. Thus, further research is required to identify such species as well as to fill the gaps of knowledge concerning the ecological requirements of the species investigated here. Key words: Collembola, Enchytraeidae, Gamasid mites, Lumbricidae, natural soils.

scholarly journals Vermiremediation strategy for remediation of Kuwaiti oil contaminated soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshari Almutairi
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
The World ◽  
Paper Address ◽  
Remediation Process

Abstract The role of vermiremediation technique has been accepted all over the world for many years to reduce the concentrations of pollutant in the contaminated soil to acceptable levels. However, limited study has been found in the case of Kuwaiti oil contaminated sand using earthworms. This paper address the potential of decomposing petroleum hydrocarbons in terms of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) present in Kuwaiti oil contaminated sand ranging from 5000 to 25,000 mg/kg using earthworms (Eisenia fetida). It was observed that the TPH of < 5000 mg/kg was not harmful for the survival of earthworms, nevertheless TPH of 10,000 mg/kg reduced their survival to 50%. Moreover, the results indicate that that vermiremediation could effectively reduce the TPH of about 5000 mg/kg every 5 weeks. This study suggested that the crude oil could be consider as one of the main challenging for the survival of earthworms, therefore several factors such as type of soil, moisture content, temperature, organic matter content and pH need to maintain and enhance during the remediation process to support the earthworm’s activity.

scholarly journals Biological assessment of contaminated shooting range soil using earthworm biomarkers

Ecotoxicology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jūratė Česynaitė ◽  
Marius Praspaliauskas ◽  
Nerijus Pedišius ◽  
Gintarė Sujetovienė
Keyword(s):  
Biological Assessment ◽  
Shooting Range ◽  
Shooting Range Soil

HEAVY METAL SPECIATION IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF THE VYSHNEVOLOTSKY RESERVOIR

2018 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
O. A. Lipatnikova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Metal Speciation ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Heavy Metal Speciation ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Manganese Hydroxides

The study of heavy metal speciation in bottom sediments of the Vyshnevolotsky water reservoir is presented in this paper. Sequential selective procedure was used to determine the heavy metal speciation in bottom sediments and thermodynamic calculation — to determine ones in interstitial water. It has been shown that Mn are mainly presented in exchangeable and carbonate forms; for Fe, Zn, Pb и Co the forms are related to iron and manganese hydroxides is played an important role; and Cu and Ni are mainly associated with organic matter. In interstitial waters the main forms of heavy metal speciation are free ions for Zn, Ni, Co and Cd, carbonate complexes for Pb, fulvate complexes for Cu. Effects of particle size and organic matter content in sediments on distribution of mobile and potentially mobile forms of toxic elements have been revealed.

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