scholarly journals Vermiremediation strategy for remediation of Kuwaiti oil contaminated soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshari Almutairi
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
The World ◽  
Paper Address ◽  
Remediation Process

Abstract The role of vermiremediation technique has been accepted all over the world for many years to reduce the concentrations of pollutant in the contaminated soil to acceptable levels. However, limited study has been found in the case of Kuwaiti oil contaminated sand using earthworms. This paper address the potential of decomposing petroleum hydrocarbons in terms of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) present in Kuwaiti oil contaminated sand ranging from 5000 to 25,000 mg/kg using earthworms (Eisenia fetida). It was observed that the TPH of < 5000 mg/kg was not harmful for the survival of earthworms, nevertheless TPH of 10,000 mg/kg reduced their survival to 50%. Moreover, the results indicate that that vermiremediation could effectively reduce the TPH of about 5000 mg/kg every 5 weeks. This study suggested that the crude oil could be consider as one of the main challenging for the survival of earthworms, therefore several factors such as type of soil, moisture content, temperature, organic matter content and pH need to maintain and enhance during the remediation process to support the earthworm’s activity.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Detoxification of Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Heavy Metals in Oil-Contaminated Soil by Using Glycine-β-Cyclodextrin

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Yun-guo Liu ◽  
Xiao-fei Tan ◽  
Guang-ming Zeng ◽  
Ji-lai Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
Petroleum Contaminated Soil ◽  
Hole Structure

Soil contamination with petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals is a widespread environmental problem. In recent years, cyclodextrin has attracted research interest because of its special hole structure that can form inclusion complexes with certain small molecules. However, the solubility of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) in water is low and it crystallizes easily, leading to its low utilization in practice. In this experiment, we connected β-CD with glycine under alkaline conditions to prepare glycine-β-cyclodextrin (G-β-CD), which is water soluble, has stronger coordinating ability with heavy metals, and is more suitable for treating oil-contaminated soil. The results show that G-β-CD provides better desorption of petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals in soils with low organic matter content (1%) and NaNO3 of 0.25 mol/L at 70 g/L G-β-CD under mildly acidic (pH 5–6) conditions. The results indicate that petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals were removed simultaneously by means of pretreatment with G-β-CD, and the results can provide a theoretical basis for remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil.

STUDIES ON THE ADSORPTION OF BORON ON HUMIC ACIDS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
BAOHUA GU ◽  
L. E. LOWE
Keyword(s):  
Boric Acid ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Langmuir Equation ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Ph Range

The adsorption of B, in the form of boric acid, was studied on three precipitated humic acids (HA), representing three distinct soil types. B adsorption by HA was strongly pH-dependent, being low and relatively constant in the pH range 3.0–6.5, increasing markedly up to a peak at near pH 9.5, and then decreasing at still higher pH values. Adsorption isotherms for pH values near 6.7 and 8.8 conformed well to the Langmuir equation. The adsorption maxima (b values), as calculated with the Langmuir equation, ranged from 73 to 207 mmol kg−1 HA at a pH near 8.8, and from 10 to 42 mmol kg−1 at a pH near 6.7. The considerable variation in B adsorption by these HA samples was attributed to "Fe + Al" contents present as contaminants in the HA. The role of HA in B adsorption is expected to be minor in most acid and near neutral soils, but may be of greater significance in soils of high pH and above average organic matter content. Key words: Boron adsorption, boric acid, humic acid, Langmuir adsorption isotherm.

Effect of Temperature and Moisture on Aminocyclopyrachlor Soil Half-Life

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 552-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie L. Conklin ◽  
Rodney G. Lym
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Invasive Weeds ◽  
Crop Species

Aminocyclopyrachlor will control a variety of invasive weeds but may injure sensitive plant species if seeded into treated soil too soon after application. Aminocyclopyrachlor 50% dissipation time (DT50) ranged from 3 to > 112 d in four soils from the Northern Great Plains. The DT50was dependent on several factors including soil type, moisture content, and temperature. Across four different soil textures, aminocyclopyrachlor dissipation generally increased as soil moisture content increased, but moisture had less of an impact in sandy soils. Aminocyclopyrachlor dissipation also increased as temperature increased in the four soils. The most rapid dissipation occurred in soils with higher clay content, which also had the highest organic matter content of the soils evaluated, and an average DT50of less than 20 d. Seeding sensitive pasture, range, or crop species after aminocyclopyrachlor applications should be done with caution since the herbicide has potential for long persistence in the soil.

scholarly journals Determination of total petroleum hydrocarbons in soil from different locations using infrared spectrophotometry and gas chromatography

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Paíga ◽  
Lurdes Mendes ◽  
José Albergaria ◽  
Cristina Delerue-Matos
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Ir Analysis

AbstractTotal petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) are important environmental contaminants which are toxic to human and environmental receptors. Several analytical methods have been used to quantify TPH levels in contaminated soils, specifically through infrared spectrometry (IR) and gas chromatography (GC). Despite being two of the most used techniques, some issues remain that have been inadequately studied: a) applicability of both techniques to soils contaminated with two distinct types of fuel (petrol and diesel), b) influence of the soil natural organic matter content on the results achieved by various analytical methods, and c) evaluation of the performance of both techniques in analyses of soils with different levels of contamination (presumably non-contaminated and potentially contaminated). The main objectives of this work were to answer these questions and to provide more complete information about the potentials and limitations of GC and IR techniques. The results led us to the following conclusions: a) IR analysis of soils contaminated with petrol is not suitable due to volatilisation losses, b) there is a significant influence of organic matter in IR analysis, and c) both techniques demonstrated the capacity to accurately quantify TPH in soils, irrespective of their contamination levels.

scholarly journals Biological assessment of contaminated shooting range soil using earthworm biomarkers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jūratė Česynaitė ◽  
Marius Praspaliauskas ◽  
Nerijus Pedišius ◽  
Gintare Sujetoviene
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Biological Assessment ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Ecological Problem ◽  
Soil Toxicity ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Shooting Range ◽  
Shooting Range Soil

Abstract The contamination in shooting range soils is widely know ecological problem around the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the toxic effects of contaminated shooting range soil on physiological and biochemical endpoints of Eisenia fetida . A shooting range located in Alytus, Lithuania was chosen as a object to assess the site–specific soil toxicity to earthworm E. fetida . The elevated concentrations of Pb, Cu, Fe, Ni, Mn, Zn in soil was found along with lower organic matter content and higher soil density, especially closer to the target line. Significant weight loss was observed in earthworms exposed to soil of the most contaminated shooting range site. Significantly higher concentrations of Pb, Cu, Fe, Ni, Sb was determined in the tissues of adult worms from the very end of the shooting range. No juveniles were observed in the most contaminated soil, higher concentrations of Pb, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn were found in the tissues of juveniles exposed to the contaminated soil of study sites were concentrations of lead were lower compared to the most contaminated site, but higher compared to control. Exposure to contaminated soil caused antioxidant system alterations and lipid peroxidation. It was observed a compensatory mechanism between the activities of GR and glutathione S-transferase (GST) under trace elements induced toxicity.

Role of Endothall in the Control of Annual Bluegrass in Turf

Weed Science ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 562-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Turgeon ◽  
W. F. Meggitt ◽  
Donald Penner
Keyword(s):  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Underlying Soil ◽  
Sand Cultures

Endothall (7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid) was evaluated for controlling annual bluegrass(Poa annuaL.) infestations in Kentucky bluegrass(Poa pratensisL.) and creeping bentgrass(Agrostis stoloniferaL.) turfs. Growth of annual bluegrass was selectively suppressed by three applications of 0.6 kg/ha of endothall, two or three applications of 1.1 and 2.2 kg/ha, and one application of 4.5 kg/ha made to the single plant sand cultures. Field treatments were variable and seasonably dependent. Endothall selectively killed annual bluegrass when applied to roots in sand culture at a concentration of 2.7 × 10−4molar. A granular formulation of endothall provided selective control of annual bluegrass in field and greenhouse studies. High watering frequency prior to application, low organic matter content of the underlying soil, and predominance of the annual biotype of annual bluegrass enhanced the selective action at the lowest rates of endothall application.

Effects of protein meal supplements on the growth and reproduction of Hereford heifers and cows grazing a native grass pasture in the subtropics

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 439 ◽  
Author(s):  
DW Hennessy ◽  
PJ Williamson
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Protein Meal ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Calving Rate ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

In the coastal subtropics of New South Wales, pasture growth occurs mainly in summer, when 500-600 mm of rain is expected. During winter, pasture quality declines, with digestible organic matter content as low as 374 g/kg DM in August and nitrogen down to 6.5 g/kg DM. Growth and reproduction of British breed cattle is also low so that, in an attempt to increase these attributes, protein meal supplements were offered to Hereford heifers and cows over 5 years. Heifers without supplements lost liveweight during their first winter and none calved after being mated at 15 months of age to Hereford bulls during a 9-week joining period. During their second winter, 58% of the heifers calved and, over 5 mating seasons, their mean annual calving rate was 48%. Supplemented heifers gained liveweight during their first winter and 95% of them calved, after first-joining at 15 months of age. Over 5 years their mean calving rate was 85%. Delaying first-joining to 27 months of age, as determined by a second group also supplemented with protein meal, did not increase production or mean calving rate (81%) over 5 years. The 230-day adjusted liveweight of calves weaned from non-supplemented heifers was 138 kg, significantly (P< 0.01) less than the 179 �10 kg (mean � s.e.d.) for calves weaned from the supplemented early-calving group, or 198 kg for the supplemented late-calving group. The results highlight the limitation to cattle production imposed by the low levels of nitrogen and poorly digestible pasture, and emphasise the important role of protein meal supplements with added minerals in increasing production of breeding herds grazing unimproved pastures in the subtropics.

Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on Soil Chemical Properties of Potting Yellow Cinnamon Soil under Quercus Variabilis

2012 ◽  
Vol 260-261 ◽  
pp. 776-780
Author(s):  
Xiao Qin Liang ◽  
Ren Qing Wang ◽  
Wen Juan Ding ◽  
Yu Jie Luo ◽  
Jian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Acid Rain ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Simulated Acid Rain ◽  
Quercus Variabilis ◽  
The World ◽  
Cinnamon Soil

Acid rain pollution is a serious environmental problem in the world. This study investigated the impacts of simulated acid rain on yellow cinnamon soil planted with seedlings of Quercus variabilis. The results showed that the acidity of simulated acid rain had complex impacts on the organic matter content of the studied soil. With the decrease of the acidity, available K increased but soil pH reduced. Rainfall of simulated acid rain also had impacts on available K and the soil pH, and produced the same trend as the acidity. In conclusion, we estimated that high intensity and large rainfall of acid rain could affect soil properties.

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