scholarly journals The Effect of Root Native Tree Species on Soil Shear Strength on Hillslopes of Sierra Madre Oriental, Mexico

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Guadalupe Zavala-González ◽  
Israel Cantú-Silva ◽  
Humberto González-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Sierra Madre Oriental ◽  
Root Cohesion ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Soil Shear Strength

Abstract Background: The presence of vegetation reduces soil erosion and shallow slope failure both by reinforcing soil shear resistance and influencing the geo-mechanic conditions of soil. For this reason, vegetation strategies in areas vulnerable to erosion are considered to be an effective control measure for soil erosion. Method: The tree species used in this research are widespread in the slopes of Chipinque mountain of Sierra Madre Oriental and belong to four native species: Cercis canadensis, Celtis laevigata, Quercus rysophylla and Ligustrum lucidum. In order to investigate the mechanical characteristics of roots, single roots specimens were sampled and tested for tensile strength. The tests were conducted with the Universal Testing Machine Shimadzu type SLFL-100KN to evaluate the influence of root shear strength on the soil using the Wu Model (Wu et al., 1979) as well as to analyze root cohesion and Root Area Ratio (RAR). The latter was calculated by taking both direct (field) and indirect measurements on image processing.Results: The results show that C. laevigata roots have the strongest tensile strenght, followed by Q. rysophylla > C. Canadensis > L. lucidum. RAR ranges from C. laevigata (0.0587%) > C. Canadensis (0.0585%) >L. lucidum (0.0504%) > Q. rysophylla (0.0441%). L. lucidum provides the less increase soil shear strength through root cohesion (16.12 kN/m2) > C. canadensis (53.70 kN/m2) > Q. rysophylla (89.07 kN/m2) to C. laevigata (97.41 kN/m2)

scholarly journals Comparisons of the Root Mechanical Properties of three Native Mexican Tree Species for Soil Bioengineering Practices

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 259269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Sanchez-Castillo ◽  
Tetsuya Kubota ◽  
Israel Cantu-Silva ◽  
Maria Yanez-Diaz ◽  
. Hasnawir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Root Diameter ◽  
Sierra Madre Oriental ◽  
Acacia Berlandieri ◽  
Soil Bioengineering ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Pinus Pseudostrobus

<p class="Sous-auteur1"><strong>Background:</strong> Urbanized slope areas in Sierra Madre Oriental are prone to sediment related disasters mainly caused by heavy rainfall episodes during hurricane season, knowledge on the factors on soil-roots dynamics are required to mitigate or lessen those disasters.</p><p class="Sous-auteur1"><strong>Questions and hypothesis: </strong>The mechanical properties of roots of native species vary according species. The mechanical properties of the roots are influenced by the morphology of root: diameter.</p><p class="Sous-auteur1"><strong>Species studied: </strong><em>Quercus rysophylla</em>, <em>Pinus pseudostrobus</em> and <em>Acacia berlandieri</em>.</p><p class="Sous-auteur1"><strong>Study site and dates:</strong> Sierra Madre Oriental, Chipinque National Park in Monterrey, Nuevo Leon. From middle of December 2014.</p><p class="Sous-auteur1"><strong>Methods:</strong> Selection of species was made base on widespread distribution and predominance in degraded areas. Samples were taken at field and tensile tests to calculate maximum force to root breakage were conducted using a laboratory dispositive, calculations of tensile strength and modulus of elasticity were calculated using formulas. The corresponding relations between root diameter and mechanical properties were established.</p><p class="Sous-auteur1"><strong>Results:</strong> Results confirmed that bigger diameters require bigger forces to break. In other hand, results confirmed the negative relationship between diameter and tensile strength and diameter and modulus of elasticity. Pointing out that roots of bigger diameter have less tensile strength and elasticity. The order of importance of the species studied according its mechanical properties was found like: <em>Acacia berlandieri</em> &gt; <em>Quercus rysophylla</em> &gt; <em>Pinus pseudostrobus</em>.</p><p class="Sous-auteur1"> <strong>Conclusions<em>:</em></strong> The results of this study begin the data contribution of the mechanical properties of native species of Sierra Madre Oriental in order to use it in the application of soil bioengineering practices on urbanized slopes prone to disasters.</p>

scholarly journals Amphibians and reptiles of the state of Hidalgo, Mexico

Check List ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio A. Lemos-Espinal ◽  
Geoffrey R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
The State ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Sierra Madre Oriental ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Reptile Species ◽  
Hemidactylus Frenatus ◽  
Near Threatened

We compiled a checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of the state of Hidalgo, Mexico. The herpetofauna of Hidalgo consists of a total of 175 species: 54 amphibians (14 salamanders and 40 anurans); and 121 reptiles (one crocodile, five turtles, 36 lizards, 79 snakes). These taxa represent 32 families (12 amphibian families, 20 reptile families) and 87 genera (24 amphibian genera, 63 reptile genera). Two of these species are non-native species (Hemidactylus frenatus Duméril and Bibron, 1836 and Indotyphlops braminus (Daudin, 1803)). This herpetofauna represents a mixture of species from both the Sierra Madre Oriental and the Transvolcanic Belt. In addition, 26% of all categorized amphibian and reptile species in Hidalgo are considered Vulnerable, Near Threatened, Endangered, or Critically Endangered by the IUCN Red List. Thus, Hidalgo represents a relatively unique and threatened diversity of amphibians and reptiles.

scholarly journals Acclimatation of three co-occurring tree species to water stress and their role as site indicators in mixed pine-oak forests in the Sierra Madre Oriental, Mexico

2011 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wibke Himmelsbach ◽  
Eduardo J. Treviño-Garza ◽  
Humberto González-Rodríguez ◽  
Marco A. González-Tagle ◽  
Marco V. Gómez Meza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Sierra Madre Oriental ◽  
Sierra Madre

La Sierra Madre Oriental como reservorio de diversidad vegetal

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (88) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Magdalena Salinas Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Madre Oriental ◽  
Sierra Madre

EVIDENCES OF AN ORDOVICIAN MAGMATIC ARC IN THE BASEMENT OF THE SIERRA MADRE ORIENTAL: A NEW PIECE OF THE GEOLOGICAL PUZZLE IN NE MEXICO

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Alejandro Alemán Gallardo ◽  
◽  
Juan Alonso Ramirez Fernandez ◽  
Augusto Antonio Rodriguez Diaz ◽  
Uwe Jenchen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Madre Oriental ◽  
Magmatic Arc ◽  
Sierra Madre

Finite Element Modeling of a Mechanically Stabilized Earth Trial Wall

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110164
Author(s):  
Andrew Lees ◽  
Michael Dobie
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Back Analysis ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Failure Behavior ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Deformation And Failure ◽  
First Case ◽  
Soil Shear Strength

Polymer geogrid reinforced soil retaining walls have become commonplace, with routine design generally carried out by limiting equilibrium methods. Finite element analysis (FEA) is becoming more widely used to assess the likely deformation behavior of these structures, although in many cases such analyses over-predict deformation compared with monitored structures. Back-analysis of unit tests and instrumented walls improves the techniques and models used in FEA to represent the soil fill, reinforcement and composite behavior caused by the stabilization effect of the geogrid apertures on the soil particles. This composite behavior is most representatively modeled as enhanced soil shear strength. The back-analysis of two test cases provides valuable insight into the benefits of this approach. In the first case, a unit cell was set up such that one side could yield thereby reaching the active earth pressure state. Using FEA a test without geogrid was modeled to help establish appropriate soil parameters. These parameters were then used to back-analyze a test with geogrid present. Simply using the tensile properties of the geogrid over-predicted the yield pressure but using an enhanced soil shear strength gave a satisfactory comparison with the measured result. In the second case a trial retaining wall was back-analyzed to investigate both deformation and failure, the failure induced by cutting the geogrid after construction using heated wires. The closest fit to the actual deformation and failure behavior was provided by using enhanced fill shear strength.

Shear Strength Monitoring System Based on Measurement of Shear Wave Velocity and Moisture Content

2014 ◽  
Vol 635-637 ◽  
pp. 750-754
Author(s):  
Peng Hu ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
Yi Wei Xu ◽  
Nan Ying Shentu ◽  
Quan Yuan Peng
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Bender Elements ◽  
Strength Measurement ◽  
Soil Shear Strength ◽  
The Relationship

Expound the importance of soil shear strength measurement at mudslide hidden point to release the loss caused by the disaster, explain the relationship between shear wave velocity, moisture content and shear strength, design the shear strength monitoring system combining the shear wave velocity measured by Piezoelectric bender elements and moisture content.

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