scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of symmetric 8×10 Gbps TWDM-PON incorporating Polarization Division Multiplexed Modulation Techniques under fiber-impairments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meet Kumari ◽  
Reecha Sharma ◽  
Anu Sheetal
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Access Network ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Power Budget ◽  
Modulation Techniques

Abstract Today’s access networks are in high demand to fulfill the high bandwidth requirement because of extensive improvement in high transmission rate applications for cloud computing, big data analytics, and other next-generation 5G smart applications. This exponential growth of high capacity and broadband access technologies comprise an essential trend in the development of a passive optical network (PON) access network. In this paper, 80/80 Gbps time wavelength division multiplexing PON (TWDM-PON) incorporating polarization division multiplexing (PDM) based Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) and electroabsorption modulator (EAM) techniques have been proposed. The performance of the system consisting of different polarized multiplexed modulation techniques is investigated in both downstream and upstream data transmission for variable transmission distance and received optical power in terms of bit error rate (BER), eye diagrams, power budget (PB) and receiver sensitivity (RS). The results show that the 4×20/20 Gbps PDM-EAM modulated signals over 100 km fiber distance at -60 dBm RS and 70 dB PB are successfully transmitted under fiber non-linearities. The proposed TWDM-PON system provides a next-generation long-reach access network from urban to rural areas.

scholarly journals A Performance Analysis of a Hybrid OCDMA-PON Configuration Based on IM/DD Fast-OFDM Technique for Access Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7690
Author(s):  
Hichem Mrabet
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Power Budget ◽  
Budget Analysis

The purpose of this article is to propose a new configuration based on OCDMA and Fast-OFDM techniques for access network applications. A hybrid intensity modulation with direct detection, fast orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing–code division multiplexing access (IM/DD Fast-OFDM-CDMA) system is analytically and numerically evaluated for an amplifier-free access network. Therefore, system performance is analytically investigated in terms of bit error rate/Q-factor as a function of simultaneous users, fiber length and launched optical power. Firstly, the proposed analytical model includes the overlapping effect among OFDM subcarriers, the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), and multiple access interference (MAI). Secondly, a simulation setup is performed, allowing four simultaneous users operating at 40 Gb/s in a passive optical network (PON) context. Furthermore, a power budget analysis is made between IM/DD Fast-OFDM-CDMA, all-optical IM/DD OFDM-CDMA (IM/DD AO-OFDM-CDMA) and OCDMA wavelength division multiplexing (OCDMA-WDM) configurations. It is shown that at 40 Gb/s and by using 2D-hybrid coding (2D-HC), the maximum achievable transmission-reach of IM/DD Fast-OFDM-CDMA is 142 km, which is 34 km and 60 km higher than those provided by the IM/DD AO-OFDM-OCDMA and OCDMA-WDM PON configurations, respectively.

A Comparative Study of Performances Between the WDM PON System and the CWDM PON System in an Optical Access Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheikh Kherici ◽  
Malika Kandouci
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Access Network ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Power Budget ◽  
Water Vapor Absorption ◽  
Wdm Pon

AbstractThe growth of optical technology is currently being studied extensively to meet the significant demand for bandwidth. The passive optical network (PON) solves the problem of bandwidth as it extends the optical network to individuals and businesses [Sifta R, Munster P, Krajsa O, Filka M, “Simulation of bidirectional traffic in WDM-PON networks", Brno University of Technology, ISSN 0033–2097, R. 90 NR 1/2014.]. In this paper, a comparative study is made between the WDM PON system and the CWDM PON system using two different architectures, one for the WDM PON and the other for the CWDM PON, to illustrate the appropriate technique for the PON network by increasing the Q factor and the OSNR ratio while minimizing the bit error rate (BER < 10–9). Both systems are simulated at 10 Gbps for four users of bidirectional SMF (Single Mode Fiber) fiber lengths and different powers. In order to determine the transmission performance for both systems, the link was designed for fiber lengths of 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 km as well as for powers from −10 dBm up to 10 dBm for four users. The use of the EDFA amplifier in the WDM PON system is required in this document to minimize degradation caused by attenuation [Parkirti RDK, Singh R. Cost-efficient Colorless WDM-PON Based on RSOA for High Capacity. Int J Adv Res Comput Eng Technol (IJARCET). 2016;5]. On the contrary, in the CWDM PON system, the amplification is not essential because the wavelengths used in this system are not affected by the water peak which causes a strong attenuation of the wavelengths in the 1370–1410 nm range on optical fibers [Nazir M, Arshad F, Asif R. Design and evaluation of power budget for a bidirectional CWDM-Passive Optical Network. In: International Conference on Communication, Computing and Digital Systems (C-CODE), Islamabad, Pakistan, 04 May 2017.]. The peak of water vapor absorption is close to 1383 nm.

Seven-channel 1 Gbps TWDM coexistence architecture supporting 65 Gbps optical link for next-generation passive optical network 2-based FTTX access networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendraprasad A. Pagare ◽  
Santosh Kumar ◽  
Abhilasha Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Q Factor ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Wdm Pon

AbstractIn this paper, we have presented the design and simulation of a 7-channel next-generation passive optical network (NG-PON2) network for the deployment of Fiber-to-the-X (FTTX) access network. Coexistence architecture is proposed, designed and simulated for the implementation of NG-PON2 access network. In a coexistence architecture approach, legacy PON networks like Gigabit passive optical network (GPON) PON, 10GPON, etc. and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)-PON supporting point-to-point connectivity are designed and simulated together. A 4 W 4 WDM-PON in which each channel carrying data at 2.5 Gbps data rate is capable of supporting a throughput channel capacity of 65.5 Gbps. NG-PON2 network is designed and simulated at 187.1, 187.2, 187.3 and 187.5 to 187.8 THz wavelengths in downstream direction for different link distances from 40 to 80 km looking into the requirement of reach of access network for future cities. The network performance parameters such as bit error rate (BER), quality factor (Q-factor), signal-to-noise ratio using the Optisystem-16 simulator at above data rates and link distances. Further, channel capacity estimation is done for single-mode fiber channel coexistence NG-PON2 configuration up to 80 km supporting BER e-13 and Q-factor 7 for WDM link and BER e-12 and Q-factor 7 for a legacy network supporting almost-1 Gbps data rate to 65 users and 100 Mbps to 512 user.

scholarly journals Passive Optical Network: A Fibre to the ‘X’ Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
R. O. Okeke ◽  
V. E. Idigo ◽  
M. O. Akemi ◽  
S. K. Ogbuokebe
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Local Area Network ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Access Network ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Video On Demand ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Digital Television ◽  
Area Network ◽  
High Definition

With the rapid increasing bandwidth demand mainly driven by the development of advanced broadband multimedia application, such as video-on-demand (VoD), interactive high-definition digital television (HDTV) and video conference, new access network solutions that provide high capacity are highly needed to satisfy these emerging services. In a largely populated and technologically exposed institution such the University of Port Harcourt, this demand is truly great. The Passive Optical Network (PON), which utilizes the Fibre Optic Technology, is a suitable solution to this problem. Hence this is geared towards the design and simulation of a Passive Optical Network for the University’s campus district. This Campus based Local Area Network consists of the Various Faculty buildings, the Senate building which is the central administrative building, and was centralized at the Information and Communication Technology Center (ICTC), which served as the Central Office of the network. The Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technique was utilized because of its dedicated bandwidth for each subscriber and more flexible bandwidth management. The validation was carried out on a virtual computation environment called OptiSystem©.

scholarly journals Adaptación de la teoría de la información para el régimen de propagación lineal de una red óptica DWDM de próxima generación

Lámpsakos ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Gustavo Adolfo Gómez Agredo ◽  
José Giovanny López Perafán
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Service Access ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Wavelength Division

En el desarrollo del presente artículo, se adapta la teoría de la información de Shannon y se propone una ecuación para la medida de la eficiencia espectral con el fin de aplicarla a los nuevos entornos de red ópticos NG-PON (Next Generation Passive Optical Network) propuestos por el grupo de tareas FSAN (Full Service Access Network) de la UIT-T. Este desarrollo permitirá controlar ciertos parámetros y características de configuración de los sistemas basados en fibra óptica para lograr mejoras en la eficiencia espectral, altas capacidades de acceso y grandes anchos de banda; permitiendo entender de una manera más clara los cambios que las arquitecturas de red DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) han sufrido en los últimos años como una visión del futuro de las telecomunicaciones.

scholarly journals Cylindrical vector beam multiplexer/demultiplexer using off-axis polarization control

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuqing Chen ◽  
Zhiqiang Xie ◽  
Huapeng Ye ◽  
Xinrou Wang ◽  
Zhenghao Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Polarization Control ◽  
Vector Beam ◽  
Vector Mode ◽  
Control Technologies ◽  
Polarization Division Multiplexing ◽  
Cylindrical Vector Beam

AbstractThe emergence of cylindrical vector beam (CVB) multiplexing has opened new avenues for high-capacity optical communication. Although several configurations have been developed to couple/separate CVBs, the CVB multiplexer/demultiplexer remains elusive due to lack of effective off-axis polarization control technologies. Here we report a straightforward approach to realize off-axis polarization control for CVB multiplexing/demultiplexing based on a metal–dielectric–metal metasurface. We show that the left- and right-handed circularly polarized (LHCP/RHCP) components of CVBs are independently modulated via spin-to-orbit interactions by the properly designed metasurface, and then simultaneously multiplexed and demultiplexed due to the reversibility of light path and the conservation of vector mode. We also show that the proposed multiplexers/demultiplexers are broadband (from 1310 to 1625 nm) and compatible with wavelength-division-multiplexing. As a proof of concept, we successfully demonstrate a four-channel CVB multiplexing communication, combining wavelength-division-multiplexing and polarization-division-multiplexing with a transmission rate of 1.56 Tbit/s and a bit-error-rate of 10−6 at the receive power of −21.6 dBm. This study paves the way for CVB multiplexing/demultiplexing and may benefit high-capacity CVB communication.

scholarly journals Latency-Aware Offloading in Integrated Satellite Terrestrial Networks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiem Abderrahim ◽  
Osama Amin ◽  
Mohamed-Slim Alouini ◽  
Basem Shihada
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Access Network ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
High Load ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
High Data ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Terrestrial Networks

Next-generation communication networks are expected to integrate newly-used technologies in a smart way to ensure continuous connectivity in rural areas and to alleviate the traffic load in dense regions. The prospective access network in 6G should hinge on satellite systems to take advantage of their wide coverage and high capacity. However, adopting satellites in 6G could be hindered because of the {additional latency introduced}, which is not tolerable by all traffic types. Therefore, we propose a traffic offloading scheme that integrates both the satellite and terrestrial networks to smartly allocate the traffic between them while satisfying different traffic requirements. Specifically, the proposed scheme offloads the Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) traffic to the terrestrial backhaul to satisfy its stringent latency requirement. However, it offloads the enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) traffic to the satellite since eMBB needs high data rates but is not always sensitive to delay. Our scheme is shown to reduce the transmission delay of URLLC packets, decrease the number of dropped eMBB packets, and hence improve the network's availability. Our findings highlight that the inter-working between satellite and terrestrial networks is crucial to mitigate the expected high load on the limited terrestrial capacity.<br>

Wavelength Division Multiplexed Passive Optical Networks

2010 ◽  
pp. 68-101
Author(s):  
Calvin C.K. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Access Network ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexed ◽  
Capacity Data

Wavelength division multiplexed passive optical network has emerged as a promising solution to support a robust and large-scale next generation optical access network. It offers high-capacity data delivery and flexible bandwidth provisioning to all subscribers, so as to meet the ever-increasing bandwidth requirements as well as the quality of service requirements of the next generation broadband access networks. The maturity and reduced cost of the WDM components available in the market are also among the major driving forces to enhance the feasibility and practicality of commercial deployment. In this chapter, the author will provide a comprehensive discussion on the basic principles and network architectures for WDM-PONs, as well as their various enabling technologies. Different feasible approaches to support the two-way transmission will be discussed. It is believed that WDM-PON is an attractive solution to realize fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) applications.

Comparative Analysis of High Speed 20/20 Gbps OTDM-PON, WDM-PON and TWDM-PON for Long-Reach NG-PON2

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meet Kumari ◽  
Reecha Sharma ◽  
Anu Sheetal
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Transmission Distance ◽  
Wdm Pon

AbstractNowadays, bandwidth demand is enormously increasing, that causes the existing passive optical network (PON) to become the future optical access network. In this paper, next generation passive optical network 2 (NG-PON2) based, optical time division multiplexing passive optical network (OTDM-PON), wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (WDM-PON) and time & wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (TWDM-PON) systems with 20 Gbps (8 × 2.5 Gbps) downstream and 20 Gbps (8 × 2.5 Gbps) upstream capacity for eight optical network units has been proposed. The performance has been compared by varying the input power (−6 to 27 dBm) and transmission distance (10–130 km) in terms of Q-factor and optical received power in the presence of fiber noise and non-linearities. It has been observed that TWDM-PON outperforms OTDM-PON and WDM-PON for high input power and data rate (20/20 Gbps). Also, TWDM-PON shows its superiority for long-reach transmission up to 130 km, which is a cost-effective solution for future NG-PON2 applications.

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