scholarly journals Latency-Aware Offloading in Integrated Satellite Terrestrial Networks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiem Abderrahim ◽  
Osama Amin ◽  
Mohamed-Slim Alouini ◽  
Basem Shihada
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Access Network ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
High Load ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
High Data ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Terrestrial Networks

Next-generation communication networks are expected to integrate newly-used technologies in a smart way to ensure continuous connectivity in rural areas and to alleviate the traffic load in dense regions. The prospective access network in 6G should hinge on satellite systems to take advantage of their wide coverage and high capacity. However, adopting satellites in 6G could be hindered because of the {additional latency introduced}, which is not tolerable by all traffic types. Therefore, we propose a traffic offloading scheme that integrates both the satellite and terrestrial networks to smartly allocate the traffic between them while satisfying different traffic requirements. Specifically, the proposed scheme offloads the Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) traffic to the terrestrial backhaul to satisfy its stringent latency requirement. However, it offloads the enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) traffic to the satellite since eMBB needs high data rates but is not always sensitive to delay. Our scheme is shown to reduce the transmission delay of URLLC packets, decrease the number of dropped eMBB packets, and hence improve the network's availability. Our findings highlight that the inter-working between satellite and terrestrial networks is crucial to mitigate the expected high load on the limited terrestrial capacity.<br>

scholarly journals Latency-Aware Offloading in Integrated Satellite Terrestrial Networks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiem Abderrahim ◽  
Osama Amin ◽  
Mohamed-Slim Alouini ◽  
Basem Shihada
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Access Network ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
High Load ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
High Data ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Terrestrial Networks

Next-generation communication networks are expected to integrate newly-used technologies in a smart way to ensure continuous connectivity in rural areas and to alleviate the traffic load in dense regions. The prospective access network in 6G should hinge on satellite systems to take advantage of their wide coverage and high capacity. However, adopting satellites in 6G could be hindered because of the {additional latency introduced}, which is not tolerable by all traffic types. Therefore, we propose a traffic offloading scheme that integrates both the satellite and terrestrial networks to smartly allocate the traffic between them while satisfying different traffic requirements. Specifically, the proposed scheme offloads the Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) traffic to the terrestrial backhaul to satisfy its stringent latency requirement. However, it offloads the enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) traffic to the satellite since eMBB needs high data rates but is not always sensitive to delay. Our scheme is shown to reduce the transmission delay of URLLC packets, decrease the number of dropped eMBB packets, and hence improve the network's availability. Our findings highlight that the inter-working between satellite and terrestrial networks is crucial to mitigate the expected high load on the limited terrestrial capacity.<br>

scholarly journals The benefits of convergence

2016 ◽  
Vol 374 (2062) ◽  
pp. 20140442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gee-Kung Chang ◽  
Lin Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Access Network ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Modulation Formats ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Cell Coverage ◽  
Radio Access

A multi-tier radio access network (RAN) combining the strength of fibre-optic and radio access technologies employing adaptive microwave photonics interfaces and radio-over-fibre (RoF) techniques is envisioned for future heterogeneous wireless communications. All-band radio spectrum from 0.1 to 100 GHz will be used to deliver wireless services with high capacity, high link speed and low latency. The multi-tier RAN will improve the cell-edge performance in an integrated heterogeneous environment enabled by fibre–wireless integration and networking for mobile fronthaul/backhaul, resource sharing and all-layer centralization of multiple standards with different frequency bands and modulation formats. In essence, this is a ‘no-more-cells’ architecture in which carrier aggregation among multiple frequency bands can be easily achieved with seamless handover between cells. In this way, current and future mobile network standards such as 4G and 5G can coexist with optimized and continuous cell coverage using multi-tier RoF regardless of the underlying network topology or protocol. In terms of users’ experience, the future-proof approach achieves the goals of system capacity, link speed, latency and continuous heterogeneous cell coverage while overcoming the bandwidth crunch in next-generation communication networks.

scholarly journals Long Reach and High Capacity Hybrid Passive Optical Network

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 891
Author(s):  
Subhashini N ◽  
Brintha Therese A
Keyword(s):  
Dispersion Compensation ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Access Network ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Modulation Formats ◽  
High Data ◽  
Modulation Format ◽  
Compensation Mechanisms ◽  
Wdm Pon

<p>A number of applications are growing day by day and so the traffic. The need for bandwidth is also increasing at a rapid rate. The bandwidth and speed with which data can be transferred was very less when compared to core networks. The access network which was once a bottleneck is no longer so because of use of optic fiber (FTTH networks). A number of variants of Passive Optical Network (PON) have been proposed like the WDM PON and the Hybrid PON. Hybrid PON is a combination of TDM PON and WDM PON and is advantageous over WDMPON. This paper focuses on high capacity networks that can provide high data rate and long reach in the access part of the network. NRZ modulation format is normally used for transmission.  We consider the advantages provided by the advanced modulation formats like DPSK. This modulation format is used to here and its benefits are evaluated in Hybrid PON network to increase the capacity and the reach of the network. Parameters like the BER and the Q factors are analysed using Optisystem Software. Distortion and the phenomena of dispersion can limit the performance of such a system. Hence Dispersion compensation mechanisms like the Dispersion Compensation Fiber (DCF) are used in the system to transmit data over large distance.</p>

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Hard-Switching Based Hybrid FSO/RF System over Turbulence Channels

Computation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hira Khalid ◽  
Sajid Sheikh Muhammad ◽  
Hector E. Nistazakis ◽  
George S. Tombras
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Ergodic Capacity ◽  
Numerical Comparison ◽  
Wireless Communication Networks ◽  
High Data ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Turbulence Effect ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Alternative Good

The hybrid system of free space optic (FSO) and radio frequency (RF) has come forth as alternative good solution for increasing demand for high data rates in wireless communication networks. In this paper, wireless networks with hard-switching between FSO and RF link are analyzed, assuming that at a certain time point either one of the two links are active, with FSO link having higher priority. As the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of FSO link falls below a certain selected threshold, the RF link is activated. In this work, it is assumed that the FSO link follows Gamma-Gamma fading due to the atmospheric turbulence effect whereas RF link experiences Rayleigh fading. To analyze the proposed hybrid model, analytical expressions are derived for the outage probability, bit error rate and ergodic capacity. A numerical comparison is also done between the performances of the proposed hybrid FSO/RF model and the single FSO model.

scholarly journals A Review on MIMO Wireless Signals over Fibre for Next Generation Fibre Wireless (FiWi) Broadband Networks

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2014
Author(s):  
M. A. Elmagzoub ◽  
Asadullah Shaikh ◽  
Abdullah Alghamdi ◽  
Khairan Rajab
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Networks ◽  
Optical Networks ◽  
Optical Fibre ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Broadband Networks ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
High Data ◽  
Data Rates

Next-generation access/mobile networks have set high standards in terms of providing wireless services at high data rates in order to keep up with the vast demands for other mobility and multiple services. Wireless-optical broadband access network (WOBAN) technology, also known as fibre-wireless (FiWi), has uncovered incredible opportunities for the future of next-generation networks because it gets the best of both domains: huge bandwidth provided by the optical fibre and high ubiquity of the wireless domain. The objective of FiWi networks is to integrate the high data rate and long reach provided by optical networks and the ubiquity and mobility of wireless networks, with the target to decrease their expense and complexity. Multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) is an inevitable technique for most of the new mobile/wireless networks that are driven by the huge data rates required by today’s users. Consequently, to construct any FiWi system for next-generation (NG) access/broadband networks, an MIMO technique has to be considered. This article presents a comprehensive, contemporary review of the latest subsystems, architectures and integrated technologies of MIMO wireless signals backhauling using optical fibre or fibre access networks, such as passive optical networks (PONs). An overview for FiWi, PONs and MIMO wireless systems is provided. In addition, advanced techniques of accommodating the MIMO wireless signals over optical fibre are explained and compared. Different types of wireless MIMO signals over fibre, such as 5G, WiFi and related transport technologies, are reviewed. Moreover, future research trends are also discussed.

scholarly journals Cellular Network Infrastructure: The Future of Fog Monitoring?

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (10) ◽  
pp. 1687-1698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noam David ◽  
Omry Sendik ◽  
Hagit Messer ◽  
Pinhas Alpert
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Theoretical Simulation ◽  
High Data ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
Current Monitoring ◽  
Commercial Microwave Links

Abstract Severe visibility limitations resulting from fog may lead to acute transportation accidents and high losses of property and lives. Thus, reliable monitoring facilities are of extreme importance. Nevertheless, current monitoring instruments suffer from low spatial resolution, high costs, or lack of precision at near-surface levels. It has, however, recently been shown that the commercial microwave links that form the infrastructure of cellular communication networks can provide crucial information regarding the appearance of dense fog and its intensity. Typical microwave systems currently in operation make use of frequencies between 6 and 40 GHz and, thus, can only monitor heavy fog. However, there is a growing demand for high data rates and expanded bandwidth in modern mobile radio networks. As a result, higher frequencies (e.g., around 80 GHz) are being implemented in order to fulfill these increased requirements. Notably, the attenuation induced as a result of fog at a given intensity increases as operating frequency rises, allowing, for the first time, the possibility of using this system to monitor typical fog intensities, at high resolution and low cost. Here, a theoretical simulation is presented in which simulated fog patches are introduced into an area where a network of links is deployed. Two-dimensional maps are generated utilizing the simulated microwave network to represent sensitivity thresholds for fog detection at three different frequencies: 20, 38, and 80 GHz. Real-data measurements of fog are also demonstrated using 38-GHz band links. The results indicate the vast future potential of commercial microwave links as an opportunistic system for monitoring fog.

A Review on Radio-Over-Fiber Technology-Based Integrated (Optical/Wireless) Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivika Rajpal ◽  
Rakesh Goyal
Keyword(s):  
System Integration ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Radio Over Fiber ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Radio System ◽  
High Data ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Fiber Technology ◽  
Voice Data

AbstractIn the present paper, radio-over-fiber (RoF) technology has been proposed, which is the integration of the optical and radio networks. With a high transmission capacity, comparatively low cost and low attenuation, optical fiber provides an ideal solution for accomplishing the interconnections. In addition, a radio system enables the significant mobility, flexibility and easy access. Therefore, the system integration can meet the increasing demands of subscribers for voice, data and multimedia services that require the access network to support high data rates at any time and any place inexpensively. RoF has the potentiality to the backbone of the wireless access network and it has gained significant momentum in the last decade as a potential last-mile access scheme. This paper gives the comprehensive review of RoF technology used in the communication system. Concept, applications, advantages and limitations of RoF technology are also discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals A Single Detector Versus an Array of Detectors Receiver in Free-Space Optical Communications: A Performance Comparison

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Salman Bashir ◽  
Ming-Cheng Tsai ◽  
Mohamed-Slim Alouini
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Wireless Communication Networks ◽  
Free Space Optical ◽  
Error Performance ◽  
Probability Of Error ◽  
High Data ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Single Detector

Free-space optical (FSO) communications is an important technology that will be used for supporting high data-rates in the backhaul of next generation of wireless communication networks. In this paper, we have compared the probability of error performance of two types of receivers used in FSO today: a receiver based on a single detector, and a receiver based on an array of detectors. The performance of these two receivers is compared for a number of fusion algorithms for an array of detectors such as equal gain combiner (EGC), selection combiner (SC), switched combiner (SWC) and the maximal ratio combiner (MRC). From this study, we conclude that even though the array of detectors adds more noise in the sufficient statistic by virtue of large number of detectors, using more computationally expensive fusion algorithms (such as SC and MRC) can help us achieve a superior probability of error performance as opposed to a single-detector receiver for practical channel conditions. <br>

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF PRE, POST AND SYMMETRICAL DISPERSION COMPENSATION SCHEME WITH 10 GB/S NRZ LINK FOR SCM SYSTEM

2013 ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
RUCHI AGARWAL ◽  
VIVEKANAND MISHRA
Keyword(s):  
Dispersion Compensation ◽  
Access Network ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
High Data ◽  
Compensation Methods ◽  
High Spectral Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Cost ◽  
Set Up

In this paper, the implementation of subcarrier multiplexing technique is developed and investigated with pre-, post- and symmetrical-dispersion compensation methods for 10 Gb/s non-return to zero (NRZ) links using standard and dispersion compensated fibers through computer simulations to optimize high data rate optical transmission. Mathematical analysis is done to evaluate performance in term of bit error rate. Simulation is done using Optisys Software version 10.0. Motivation to this research is to compare all three compensation methods and it is found that the symmetrical compensation method is superior to pre- and post-compensation methods. On comparing pre- and post-compensation methods, it is found that the later is superior to the former. A 10-Gb/s SCM test bed has been set up in which 4 * 2.5 Gb/s data streams are combined into one wavelength that occupies a 20-GHz optical bandwidth. Thus by using these comparisions one can get a promising system to the symmetric high capacity access network with high spectral efficiency, cost effective, good flexibility.

scholarly journals Capacity comparison of MIMO and cooperative MIMO

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1.1) ◽  
pp. 638
Author(s):  
Ashish Kumar Sarangi ◽  
Amrit Mukherjee ◽  
Amlan Datta
Keyword(s):  
Mimo Systems ◽  
Mimo System ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
High Data ◽  
Cooperative Mimo ◽  
Main Requirement ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output

To achieve high capacity and high data rates is the main requirement for today’s generation. This paper studies about the performance and capacity comparison of MIMO and cooperative MIMO systems. The comparison of capacity between multiple- input- multiple- output (MIMO) and cooperative MIMO systems helps us to know that which system have better performance and better capacity. The simulation results shows that among SISO, SIMO, MISO and MIMO  system the capacity of MIMO will be better but in between MIMO and cooperative MIMO, Cooperative MIMO system have high capacity than MIMO systems.  

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