scholarly journals Lophiosilurus alexandri, a sedentary bottom fish, adjusts its physiological parameters to survive to hypoxia condition.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia de Assis Porto ◽  
Rafael Magno Costa Melo ◽  
Suzane Lilian Beier ◽  
Ronald Kennedy Luz ◽  
Gisele Cristina Favero
Keyword(s):  
Chloride Cells ◽  
Blood Capillary ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Hypoxia Exposure ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Undifferentiated Cells ◽  
Morphology And Morphometry ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Mucus Cells

Abstract We investigated blood gas, hematological and biochemical parameters and gill morphology and morphometry of Lophiosilurus alexandri juveniles submitted to hypoxia for 48 hours followed by recovery for 48 hours. A total of 48 juveniles (360.0 ± 141.6 g) were distributed among eight tanks (120 L) and subjected to hypoxia condition (water with dissolved oxygen at 2.12 ± 0.90 mg L− 1) or normoxia (at 5.60 ± 0.31 mg L− 1). Blood gas values (pH, PvCO2, PvO2, sO2, HCO3−, stHCO3− and base excess) in hypoxia were significantly different from normoxia, while lactate and the electrolytes (K+, Na+, Cl−, Ca2+ and HCO3−) there was no significant change among treatments. The erythrocytes differed significantly between hypoxia and normoxia at 24 h of recovery, while for hemoglobin and hematocrit there were no significant differences. There was a significant difference in glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol for both normoxia and hypoxia, while plasma protein remained unchanged. All gill components (epithelial cells, erythrocytes, pillar cells, mucus cells, chloride cells, undifferentiated cells, and blood capillary lumen) differed significantly between hypoxia and normoxia. A reduction in the length of the primary lamella was observed in the hypoxia and recovery treatments, when compared to normoxia. The secondary branchial lamella showed no significant difference for both treatments. In general, juveniles of L. alexandri adapted well to hypoxia exposure for 48 h, as they were able to adjust most of their physiological variables to survive this stress condition and return to normoxia within 48 h.

scholarly journals The effect of clamped and unclamped umbilical cord samples on blood gas analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Colciago ◽  
Simona Fumagalli ◽  
Elena Ciarmoli ◽  
Laura Antolini ◽  
Antonella Nespoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Gas Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Delayed Cord Clamping ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Risk Women ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Purpose Delayed cord clamping for at least 60 s is recommended to improve neonatal outcomes. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether there are differences in cord BGA between samples collected after double clamping the cord or without clamping the cord, when blood collection occurs within 60 s from birth in both groups. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out, collecting data from 6884 high-risk women who were divided into two groups based on the method of cord sampling (clamped vs unclamped). Results There were significant decrease in pH and BE values into unclamped group compared with the clamped group. This difference remained significant when considering pathological blood gas analysis parameters, with a higher percentage of pathological pH or BE values in the unclamped group. Conclusion Samples from the unclamped cord alter the acid–base parameters compared to collection from the clamped cord; however, this difference does not appear to be of clinical relevance. Findings could be due to the large sample size, which allowed to achieve a high power and to investigate very small numerical changes between groups, leading to a statistically significant difference in pH and BE between samples even when we could not appreciate any clinical relevant difference of pH or BE between groups. When blood gas analysis is indicated, the priority should be given to the timing of blood collection to allow reliable results, to assess newborns status at birth and intervene when needed.

The impact of fibropapillomatosis on clinical characteristics, blood gas, plasma biochemistry, and hematological profiles in juvenile green turtles ( Chelonia mydas)

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-734
Author(s):  
Tsung-Hsien Li ◽  
Chao-Chin Chang
Keyword(s):  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Green Turtles ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Fibropapillomatosis (FP) is a tumor- forming disease that afflicts all marine turtles and is the most common in green turtles (Chelonia mydas). In this study, the morphometric characteristics, blood gas, biochemistry, and hematological profiles of 28 (6 FP-positive and 22 FP-negative) green turtles from the coast of Taiwan were investigated. The results indicated that body weight ( P < 0.001) and curved carapace length (CCL; P < 0.001) in green turtles with FP were significantly higher than in turtles without FP. Furthermore, green turtles with FP had a significantly lower value of hemoglobin (HB; P = 0.010) and packed cell volume (PCV; P = 0.005) than turtles without FP. Blood cell counts of white blood cells (WBC; P = 0.008) and lymphocytes ( P = 0.022) were observed with significant difference; green turtles with FP had lower counts than turtles without FP. In addition, turtles with FP had significantly higher pH ( P = 0.036), base excess in extracellular fluid (BEecf; P = 0.012), bicarbonate (HCO3– ; P = 0.008), and total carbon dioxide (TCO2 ; P = 0.025) values than turtles without FP. The findings of this study provide valuable clinical parameters for the medical care of the species in sea turtle rehabilitation centers and help us to understand the physiological response of green turtles to different tumor-forming conditions.

Pulmonary oxygen toxicity in awake dogs: metabolic and physiological effects

1984 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 1480-1488 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Harabin ◽  
L. D. Homer ◽  
M. E. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Toxicity ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Hemodynamic Instability ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Metabolic Capacity ◽  
Pulmonary Endothelium ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Terminal Response ◽  
Ace Activity

Because the pulmonary endothelium is sensitive to O2-induced damage, we studied in vivo angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in the lungs of 14 catheterized unanesthetized dogs exposed either to air or continuous 100% O2 at 1 ATA. For 5 days, or until the dog died, we measured physiological variables and lung ACE activity. The metabolic data were analyzed with a model that accounted for the effect of changes in cardiac output. Nine dogs breathing O2 lived 88 +/- 21.8 (SD) h and except for blood O2 tensions were indistinguishible from controls until development of a terminal response lasting only a few hours. Hemodynamic instability preceded a precipitous terminal change in blood gas tensions which resulted in impairment of arterial oxygenation, hypercapnia, and acidosis. Plasma renin activity increased. The metabolic capacity of the pulmonary endothelium of O2-exposed animals decreased with time so that after 96 h it was 50% of the control. That of five control animals did not change with time. Thus changes in lung ACE activity preceded alterations in hemodynamics or gas exchange, and the contributions of each are discussed.

scholarly journals The Affinity of Hemoglobin for Oxygen Is Not Altered During COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Gille ◽  
Lucile Sesé ◽  
Eric Aubourg ◽  
Emmanuelle E. Fabre ◽  
Florence Cymbalista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Dissociation Curve ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blood Gas Analyses ◽  
Hb Concentration ◽  
Center Study ◽  
Positive Controls

Background: A computational proteomic analysis suggested that SARS-CoV-2 might bind to hemoglobin (Hb). The authors hypothesized that this phenomenon could result in a decreased oxygen (O2) binding and lead to hemolytic anemia as well. The aim of this work was to investigate whether the affinity of Hb for O2 was altered during COVID-19.Methods: In this retrospective, observational, single-center study, the blood gas analyses of 100 COVID-19 patients were compared to those of 100 non-COVID-19 patients. Fifty-five patients with carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO) ≥8% and 30 with sickle cell disease (SCD) were also included (“positive controls” with abnormal Hb affinity). P50 was corrected for body temperature, pH, and PCO2.Results: Patients did not differ statistically for age or sex ratio in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 groups. Median P50 at baseline was 26 mmHg [25.2–26.8] vs. 25.9 mmHg [24–27.3], respectively (p = 0.42). As expected, P50 was 22.5 mmHg [21.6–23.8] in the high HbCO group and 29.3 mmHg [27–31.5] in the SCD group (p &lt; 0.0001). Whatever the disease severity, samples from COVID-19 to non-COVID-19 groups were distributed on the standard O2-Hb dissociation curve. When considering the time-course of P50 between days 1 and 18 in both groups, no significant difference was observed. Median Hb concentration at baseline was 14 g.dl–1 [12.6–15.2] in the COVID-19 group vs. 13.2 g.dl–1 [11.4–14.7] in the non-COVID-19 group (p = 0.006). Among the 24 COVID-19 patients displaying anemia, none of them exhibited obvious biological hemolysis.Conclusion: There was no biological argument to support the hypothesis that SARS-CoV-2 could alter O2 binding to Hb.

scholarly journals Comparison of Blood Gas Analysis between Benchtop and Handheld Device

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phey Liana ◽  
Iza Netiasa Haris ◽  
Yan Effendi Hasyim
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Blood Gas Analysis ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Handheld Device ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Significant Difference

The use of blood gas analysis is to determine the Acid-base status required to treat patients with emergency conditionssuch as metabolic disorders and respiratory diseases. Benchtop device is commonly used in hospitals to analyze blood gas;however, handheld devices are recently more often used in emergency settings due to its quick and simple process. Thisstudy was performed to compare blood gas analysis results between the i-STAT handheld device and the Nova pHox Ultrabenchtop device that were currently being used in the central laboratory. This cross-sectional study was conducted by using42 arterial blood patients that were measured with i-STAT handheld device dan Nova pHox Ultra benchtop device. The pH,pCO2, and pO2 parameters were then evaluated. The data were analyzed using Spearman's correlation test, Mann-Whitneytest, and Bland-Altman plots. This study showed a very strong positive correlation for all parameters. Mann-Whitneycomparison test showed that there was no significant difference between the result of the two devices (p-value > 0.05). Allparameters showed that 95% of plots were within the acceptable limit. There was no clinical significance on the mean biasesof blood gas results between both devices. The i-STAT and Nova pHox Ultra devices showed a good agreement for bloodgas measurement. Therefore, both devices can be used interchangeably with minimal effect on clinical decision-making.

Utility of Bispectral Index Monitoring during Deep Sedation in Pediatric Dental Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Dag ◽  
T Bezgin ◽  
N Özalp ◽  
G Gölcüklü Aydın
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Deep Sedation ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the total medicament doses and recovery profiles of patients for whom Bispectral Analysis (BIS) monitor was used to monitor sedation. Study design: Thirty-four uncooperative paediatric patients aged 3-6 years who attended to the Department of Pediatric Dentistry for dental treatment were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups of 17 patients each. Physiological variables including oxygen saturation, blood pressure and heart rate were recorded. In one group (BIS-monitored group), drugs were administered to maintain patients’ BIS values between 60-70, while the other group (Non-BIS-monitored Group) was not monitored using BIS. Data was evaluated by Chi-square, Mann Whitney U, Independent Samples t, Paired Samples t and Wilcoxon signed tests, with a p-value of &lt;0.05 considered to be statistically significant. Results: There was no significant difference in total anesthetic doses, incidence of adverse events or recovery profiles of patients between non- BIS-monitored and BIS-monitored groups (p≯0.05). However, distinct correlation was determined among mean values of UMSS and BIS values (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: BIS represents no advantage over the current commonly accepted methods for monitoring sedation depth in children.

Feasıbılıty of Transcutaneous Method for Carbon Dıoxıde Monıtorıng in an Intensive Care Unıt

2022 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazlıhan Boyacı ◽  
Sariyya Mammadova ◽  
Nurgül Naurizbay ◽  
Merve Güleryüz ◽  
Kamil İnci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Transcutaneous partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PtCO2) monitorization provides a continuous and non-invasive measurement of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2). In addition, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) can also be measured and followed by this method. However, data regarding the correlation between PtCO2 and arterial pCO2 (PaCO2) measurements acquired from peripheric arterial blood gas is controversial. Objective: We aimed to determine the reliability of PtCO2 with PaCO2 based on its advantages, like non-invasiveness and continuous applicability. Methods: Thirty-five adult patients with hypercapnic respiratory failure admitted to our tertiary medical intensive care unit (ICU) were included. Then we compared PtCO2 and PaCO2 and both SpO2 measurements simultaneously. Thirty measurements from the deltoid zone and 26 measurements from the cheek zone were applied. Results: PtCO2 could not be measured from the deltoid region in 5 (14%) patients. SpO2 and pulse rate could not be detected at 8 (26.7%) of the deltoid zone measurements. Correlation coefficients between PtCO2 and PaCO2 from deltoid and the cheek region were r: 0,915 and r: 0,946 (p = 0,0001). In comparison with the Bland-Altman test, difference in deltoid measurements was -1,38 ± 1,18 mmHg (p = 0.252) and in cheek measurements it was -5,12 ± 0,92 mmHg (p = 0,0001). There was no statistically significant difference between SpO2 measurements in each region. Conclusion: Our results suggest that PtCO2 and SpO2 measurements from the deltoid region are reliable compared to the arterial blood gas analysis in hypercapnic ICU patients. More randomized controlled studies investigating the effects of different measurement areas, hemodynamic parameters, and hemoglobin levels are needed.

scholarly journals Differences in alveolo-capillary equilibration in healthy subjects on facing O2 demand

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Egidio Beretta ◽  
Gabriele Simone Grasso ◽  
Greta Forcaia ◽  
Giulio Sancini ◽  
Giuseppe Miserocchi
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Blood Capillary ◽  
Diffusion Capacity ◽  
Hypoxia Exposure ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary ◽  
Capillary Blood Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume ◽  
Partial Oxygen

Abstract Oxygen diffusion across the air-blood barrier in the lung is commensurate with metabolic needs and ideally allows full equilibration between alveolar and blood partial oxygen pressures. We estimated the alveolo-capillary O2 equilibration in 18 healthy subjects at sea level at rest and after exposure to increased O2 demand, including work at sea level and on hypobaric hypoxia exposure at 3840 m (PA ~ 50 mmHg). For each subject we estimated O2 diffusion capacity (DO2), pulmonary capillary blood volume (Vc) and cardiac output ($$\dot{Q}$$Q̇). We derived blood capillary transit time $${\boldsymbol{(}}{\boldsymbol{T}}{\boldsymbol{t}}{\boldsymbol{=}}\frac{{\boldsymbol{V}}{\boldsymbol{c}}}{\dot{{\boldsymbol{Q}}}}{\boldsymbol{)}}$$(Tt=VcQ̇) and the time constant of the equilibration process ($${\boldsymbol{\tau }}{\boldsymbol{=}}\frac{{\boldsymbol{\beta }}{\boldsymbol{V}}{\boldsymbol{c}}}{{\boldsymbol{D}}{{\boldsymbol{O}}}_{{\boldsymbol{2}}}}$$τ=βVcDO2, β being the slope of the hemoglobin dissociation curve). O2 equilibration at the arterial end of the pulmonary capillary was defined as $${{\bf{L}}}_{{\bf{e}}{\bf{q}}}{\boldsymbol{=}}{{\bf{e}}}^{{\boldsymbol{-}}\frac{{\bf{T}}t}{{\boldsymbol{\tau }}}}$$Leq=e−Ttτ. Leq greately differed among subjects in the most demanding O2 condition (work in hypoxia): lack of full equilibration was found to range from 5 to 42% of the alveolo-capillary PO2 gradient at the venous end. The present analysis proves to be sensible enough to highlight inter-individual differences in alveolo-capillary equilibration among healthy subjects.

scholarly journals Can the blood gas analyser results be believed? A prospective multicentre study comparing haemoglobin, sodium and potassium measurements by blood gas analysers and laboratory auto-analysers

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine E Triplett ◽  
Bradley A Wibrow ◽  
Richard Norman ◽  
Dana A Hince ◽  
Liesel E Hardy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Prospective Multicentre Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Blood gas analysers are point-of-care testing devices used in the management of critically ill patients. Controversy remains over the agreement between the results obtained from blood gas analysers and laboratory auto-analysers for haematological and biochemistry parameters. We conducted a prospective analytical observational study in five intensive care units in Western Australia, in patients who had a full blood count (FBC), urea, electrolytes and creatinine (UEC), and a blood gas performed within 1 h of each other during the first 24 h of their intensive care unit admission. The main outcome measure was to determine the agreement in haemoglobin, sodium, and potassium results between laboratory haematology and biochemistry auto-analysers and blood gas analysers. A total of 219 paired tests were available for haemoglobin and sodium, and 215 for potassium. There was no statistically significant difference between the results of the blood gas and laboratory auto-analysers for haemoglobin (mean difference –0.35 g/L, 95% confidence interval (CI) –1.20 to 0.51, P = 0.425). Although the mean differences between the two methods were statistically significant for sodium (mean difference 1.49 mmol/L, 95% CI 1.23–1.76, P < 0.0001) and potassium (mean difference 0.19 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.15–0.24, P < 0.0001), the mean biases on the Bland–Altman plots were small and independent of the magnitude of the measurements. The two methods of measurement for haemoglobin, sodium and potassium agreed with each other under most clinical situations when their values were within or close to normal range suggesting that routine concurrent blood gas and formal laboratory testing for haemoglobin, sodium and potassium concentrations in the intensive care unit is unwarranted.

Blood-gas CO2 equilibration in lungs of unanesthetized dogs during hypercapnia

1982 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 1177-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Jennings ◽  
M. Meyer ◽  
T. Stokke ◽  
J. Piiper ◽  
P. Scheid
Keyword(s):  
Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Pco2 ◽  
Co2 Partial Pressure ◽  
Conventional View ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood ◽  
Expired Gas ◽  
The Right ◽  
Recorded Temperature

We have reinvestigated the problem of blood-gas equilibration of CO2 in lungs during hypercapnia. Six dogs with chronic tracheostomy and exteriorized carotid artery were subjected in acute experiments to hypercapnic inspired mixtures [CO2 fraction of expired gas (FICO2) = 0.06; 0.08; 0.10]. Expired CO2 partial pressure (PCO2) was continuously measured with a respiratory mass spectrometer and compared with arterial PCO2 determined in blood samples that were collected during apparent steady-state conditions. Particular care was taken in using continuously recorded temperature in the right heart for correction of blood PCO2 measured by CO2 electrodes. In no animal was there a significant difference between arterial and alveolar PCO2. On the average, this difference was -0.1 Torr at FICO2 = 0.06; 0.0 Torr at FICO2 = 0.08, and -0.2 Torr at FICO2 = 0.10. The results are in agreement with the conventional view that PCO2 in pulmonary capillary blood approaches PCO2 in alveolar gas.

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