scholarly journals Black-white Racial Disparities in Household Food Insecurity from 2005-2014, Canada

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simran Dhunna ◽  
Valerie Tarasuk
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Immigration Status ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Household Food ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Black Households

Abstract Background: Household food insecurity is a public health concern in many high-income countries. Despite two decades of research charting the socio-demographic and geographic correlates of food insecurity in Canada, the relationship between race and vulnerability to food insecurity has not been interrogated. Our objectives were to examine the association of Black-White racial identity and prevalence and severity of household food insecurity in Canada, and understand how racialized vulnerability manifests differently for key sociodemographic predictors. Methods: Data for households with Black and White respondents with complete data on household food insecurity were drawn from the Canadian Community Health Survey cycles from 2005-2014 (N=491,400). Household food insecurity status was assessed using the Household Food Security Survey Module. Bivariate and multivariate logistic and multinomial regression models were run, including respondent’s race and immigration status, as well as six well-established household-level predictors of food insecurity in the general population: household composition, income, housing tenure, highest level of education in the household, main household income source, and province/territory. To test whether the relationship between food insecurity and these predictors differed by race, additional multivariable logistic regression models were run, with race interacted with each predictor individually and predicted probabilities estimated.Results: The weighted prevalence of household food insecurity was 10.0% for white respondents and 28.4% for Black respondents. The odds of Black households being food-insecure compared to white households fell from 3.56 (95% CI: 3.30-3.85), to 1.88 (95% CI: 1.70-2.08) with adjustment for household sociodemographic characteristics. In contrast to white households, there was relative homogeneity of risk of food insecurity among Black sub-groups defined by immigration status, household composition, education, and province of residence. Homeownership was associated with lower probabilities of food insecurity for Black and white households, but the probability among Black owners was similar to that for white renters (14.7% vs. 14.3%). Black households had significantly higher predicted probabilities of food insecurity than their white counterparts across all main sources of household income except child benefits and social assistance.Conclusions: Being racialized as Black appears to be an overriding factor predicting vulnerability to food insecurity for the Black population in Canada.

scholarly journals Household food insecurity is associated with food intake, and household income among Hispanics in Hartford, CT

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min‐Ji Hong ◽  
Rafael Pérez‐Escamilla ◽  
Sofia Segura‐Pérez ◽  
Yu‐Kuei Peng
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Food

Household Food Insecurity and Health-related Quality of Life in an Urban Adult Population in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-390
Author(s):  
Ali Gholami ◽  
Leila M. Jahromi ◽  
Mehran Shams-Beyranvand ◽  
Maryam Khazaee-Pool ◽  
Shohreh Naderimagham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Physical Components

Background: The relationship between food insecurity and mental and physical components of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has been less addressed by healthcare professionals. Objective: We aimed to investigate the relationship between household food insecurity and mental and physical components of HRQOL in a large sample of urban people and to determine whether household food insecurity has a negative effect on mental and physical components of HRQOL. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted across twenty-two districts of Tehran (capital of Iran) during 2011. The participants were selected through multistage cluster random sampling. Two questionnaires were used to measure household food insecurity and HRQOL in the study population, while descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to test the relationships between these two parameters. Results: The mean age of the study population was 44.5 ± 15.5 years and most were female (64.8%). The results of this study indicated an independent relationship between household food insecurity and different subscales of HRQOL (P<0.001). Household food insecurity had a significant negative relationship with physical (β= -5.93; P<0.001) and mental (β= -6.54; P<0.001) summary scores of HRQOL. Likewise, average scores on all subscales of HRQOL according to household food security status were significantly different (P<0.001). Conclusion: Food insecurity was associated with mental and physical components of HRQOL among urban participants and can be considered as a part of comprehensive interventions that target to improve general health.

scholarly journals Diet and Food Insecurity Among Residents of a Rural County

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 135-135
Author(s):  
Soghra Jarvandi ◽  
Kristen Johnson ◽  
Karen Franck
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Rural County ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Multiple Regression Models

Abstract Objectives Rural residents are more likely to experience food insecurity and the related risks for obesity than urban residents. The objective of this study was to explore the association between dietary intake and food insecurity in a sample of residents of a rural county in Tennessee. Methods We used data from an obesity prevention program in a rural county in Tennessee. Adults were recruited to complete a survey, via telephone or online, about lifestyle behaviors. Dietary data were collected using the 26-item National Cancer Institute (NCI) food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Household food security was assessed using the USDA six-item Short Form Food Security Survey Module. Respondents were classified as ‘food secure’ or ‘food insecure’. We used multiple regression models to assess the association between dietary intake (dependent variable) and food security (independent variable) in men and women separately. Models were controlled for age, race, and body mass index. Results Data from 448 surveys were included in the analysis. The respondents’ mean ± SD age was 55 ± 18 years, 60% were female, and 66% were White. Overall, the average daily intake was less than 2 cups equivalents for vegetables (1.54 ± 0.43), less than 1 cup equivalents for fruits (0.92 ± 0.40), and more than 15 teaspoons equivalents for added sugars (16.06 ± 6.36). In multiple regression models, household food insecurity was associated with lower intake of vegetables both in men (mean ± SE, secure vs. insecure 1.76 ± 0.05 vs. 1.57 ± 0.07, P = 0.02) and in women (1.42 ± 0.03 vs. 1.30 ± 0.04, P = 0.01). Household food insecurity was associated with higher intake of added sugars in women (16.74 ± 0.56 vs. 14.87 ± 0.43, P = 0.009), but not in men. Conclusions Food insecurity was a predictor of lower intake of fruits and vegetables among men and women, and higher intake of added sugars among women. These findings highlight the need to address food insecurity in rural areas by improving access to nutritious food. Funding Sources Centers for Disease Control and Prevent (CDC).

scholarly journals Exploration of the Relationship Between Household Food Insecurity and Diabetes in Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enza Gucciardi ◽  
Janet A Vogt ◽  
Margaret DeMelo ◽  
Donna E. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Food ◽  
The Relationship

Exploration of the Relationship Between Household Food Insecurity and Diabetes in Canada

scholarly journals Food insecurity status and determinants among Urban Productive Safety Net Program beneficiary households in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0256634
Author(s):  
Atimen Derso ◽  
Hailemichael Bizuneh ◽  
Awoke Keleb ◽  
Ayechew Ademas ◽  
Metadel Adane
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Dependency Ratio ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Household Food

Background Measuring household food insecurity in specific geographic areas provides vital information that enables appropriate and effective intervention measures to be taken. To that end, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of food insecurity and associated factors among Urban Productive Safety Net Program (UPSNP) beneficiary households in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia’s capital city. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 624 UPSNP beneficiary households in nine districts of Addis Ababa from June to July 2019. A multi-stage sampling method was used; study participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique after establishing the proportionally allocated sample size for 9 districts. Data were collected by trained personnel using a pretested, structured questionnaire. The outcome variable was food insecurity as measured by Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), a tool developed by the Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance Scale (FANTA) and validated for developing countries, including Ethiopia. A binary (crude odds ratio [COR]) and multivariable (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]) logistic regression analysis were employed at 95% CI (confidence interval). From the bivariate analysis, factors having a p-value<0.25 were included in the multivariable analysis. From the multivariable analysis, any variable at p-value < 0.05 at 95% CI was declared significantly associated with household food insecurity. Model fitness was also checked using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test with p-value>0.05. Results The prevalence of household food insecurity was 77.1% [95%CI:73.8–80.7] during the month prior to the survey. Illiteracy of household head [AOR: 2.56; 95%CI:1.08–6.07], family size of 4 or more [AOR: 1.87, 95%CI:1.08–3.23], high dependency ratio [AOR: 3.95; 95%CI:1.31–11.90], household lack of access to credit [AOR:2.85; 95%CI:1.25–6.49], low household income [AOR: 4.72; 95%CI:2.32–9.60] and medium household income [AOR: 9.78; 95%CI:4.29–22.35] were significantly associated with household food insecurity. Conclusion We found that three in four of Addis Ababa’s UPSNP beneficiary households were food-insecure. Implementation of measures to improve household income, minimize the dependency ratio of households, and arrange access to credit services are paramount ways to tackle food insecurity problems in Addis Ababa.

A Cross-National Examination of Food Insecurity and Gender Equality

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Amanda Wyant
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Household Food ◽  
The World ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cross National

Women’s equality has been positively linked to household food security in many countries. Since women still do the bulk of food labor, women’s empowerment can lead to an increase in the allocation of resources toward food, improving food security. However, we do not know how country-level laws of gender equality intersect with household-level actions. This study examines household food insecurity from a cross-national and multilevel perspective. I explore the relationship between gender inequality (in terms of both opinions and laws) and household food insecurity. I use household data from the World Values Survey, Wave 6, collected in 2010 through 2014. The analytic sample includes 42 countries and 37,152 individuals. My country-level data come from the World Bank and the Social Institutions and Gender Index. I find that positive measures of women’s empowerment at the household level reduce a household’s likelihood of food insecurity. Surprisingly, I find that country-level policies do not always create the intended outcomes of increased equality. Legal equality between men and women at the country level (financial, legal, and land ownership) does not have a direct relationship with food insecurity. However, legal equality moderates the relationship between food insecurity and country-level variables (agricultural exports and urbanization) and household-level variables (income). The research suggests that the inclusion of gender equality complicates development theory.

scholarly journals Exploration of the Relationship Between Household Food Insecurity and Diabetes in Canada

Diabetes Care ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 2218-2224 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gucciardi ◽  
J. A. Vogt ◽  
M. DeMelo ◽  
D. E. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Food ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Exploring the Determinants of Food Security in the Areas of the Nam Theun2 Hydropower Project in Khammuan, Laos

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 520
Author(s):  
Phouvong Phami ◽  
Jianhua He ◽  
Dianfeng Liu ◽  
Su Ding ◽  
Patrik Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Hydropower Project ◽  
Household Food

This article examines the driving forces of food security in the areas of the Nam Theun2 Hydropower Project (NT2) in Khamuan, Laos. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data from 100 NT2 resettlement households based on the random sampling technique. A linear regression technique was used to identify the influence of household food insecurity. The result showed that household size, food price, drought, shock, household income per month, number of laborers, gender of the household head, and farmland areas are important factors for household food insecurity. Policies should focus on irrigation that will permit yearlong cultivation. This will in turn become the stimulus for a concatenation of events in the process of development. People will resettle to practice agriculture while also expanding non-agricultural employment. Businesses in skills training, fish processing, textile, services, and crafts will be created, boosting household income. With inevitable population expansion, education in family planning will also be necessary to control population in relation to available resources.

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