scholarly journals The Beneficial Use of Melanin in Inhibiting and Treating HCC Through Preventing CBC, Liver Enzymes, Oxidative Stress, and Lipid Peroxidation Alterations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Anwar K Abdelhalim ◽  
Yanallah H Al-Mohy ◽  
Mohammed S Al-Ayed
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Beneficial Use ◽  
Liver Cancers ◽  
Oxidative Stress Indicators

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for more than 90% of primary liver cancers and is a major global health problem. The present application relates to normalizing abnormal levels of hematological blood parameters, oxidative stress indicators, and liver enzyme levels in the rats using melanin, and particularly, to treating their abnormal levels, in addition to evaluate the role of melanin during and after the progression of HCC, which will be supplemented histologically. Hematological blood parameters such as white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), and platelets (PLTs); liver enzymes such as alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST); oxidative stress such as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD); LP malondialdehyde (MDA) were evaluated in all groups of rats. Injection of Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and 2-Acetyaminofluorine (2-AFF) induced HCC in the rats accompanied with a significant reduction in WBCs, RBCs, HGB, HCT, and PLTs, GSH-PX, and SOD; while a significant elevation was observed in ALT and AST, and MDA compared to the control. Melanin normalized all the above mentioned parameters during and after the progression of cancer towards their control values. These results demonstrate the beneficial use of melanin as a powerful antioxidant tool in inhibiting and treating HCC in the rats.

scholarly journals Sophocarpine Attenuates LPS-Induced Liver Injury and Improves Survival of Mice through Suppressing Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengyu Jiang ◽  
Yan Meng ◽  
Lulong Bo ◽  
Changli Wang ◽  
Jinjun Bian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Oxidative Reaction ◽  
Hepatic Expression ◽  
Jnk Cascade ◽  
Oxidative Stress Indicators

Septic liver injury/failure that is mainly characterized by oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis led to a great part of terminal liver pathology with limited effective intervention. Here, we used a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation model to simulate the septic liver injury and investigated the effect of sophocarpine on LPS-stimulated mice with endotoxemia. We found that sophocarpine increases the survival rate of mice and attenuates the LPS-induced liver injury, which is indicated by pathology and serum liver enzymes. Further research found that sophocarpine ameliorated hepatic oxidative stress indicators (H2O2, O2∙−, and NO) and enhanced the expression of antioxidant molecules such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH). In addition, sophocarpine also attenuated regional and systematic inflammation and further reduced apoptosis of hepatocytes. Mechanistic evidence was also investigated in the present study as sophocarpine inhibited hepatic expression of the CYP2E/Nrf2 pathway during oxidative stress, inactivated p38/JNK cascade and NF-κB pathway, and, meanwhile, suppressed PI3K/AKT signaling that reduced apoptosis. Conclusively, the present study unveiled the protective role of sophocarpine in LPS-stimulated oxidative reaction, inflammation, and apoptosis by suppressing the CYP2E/Nrf2/ROS as well as PI3K/AKT pathways, suggesting its promising role in attenuating inflammation and liver injury of septic endotoxemia.

scholarly journals NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF WATERMELON (CITRULLUS LANATUS) PULP JUICE ON SCOPOLAMINE-INDUCED MEMORY DEFICITS IN SWISS ALBINO MICE: THE ROLE OF ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE AND OXIDATIVE STRESS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Divya N ◽  
Amudha P ◽  
Viveka K Priya
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ache Activity ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Oxidative Stress Indicators ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The effect of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Pulp Juice (WPJ) on scopolamine (SCOP) induced memory deficits is due to the involvement of oxidative stress and AChE activity. The juice was obtained by crushing the pulp in blender and three different concentrations of 100%, 50% and 25% was administration to prevent memory deficit by evaluating changes of AChE activity and oxidative stress indicators (SOD, CAT, LPO and GPx) induced by scopolamine. These results provide evidence that WPJ is an alternative to protect SCOP induced memory deficits in mice by involvement of oxidative stress and AChE activity.

scholarly journals Haematological findings in healthy and diseased rabbits, a multivariate analysis

1982 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hinton ◽  
D. R. E. Jones ◽  
M. F. W. Festing
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Components Analysis

Haematological data from 94 diseased rabbits and 23 healthy adult rabbits were analysed statistically using principal components analysis and multiple discriminant function analysis. The 1st principal component accounted for 32% of the variation and was interpreted as showing total blood cellularity. This was decreased in the majority of diseased rabbits, principally due to anaemia, although in a few it was slightly increased possibly as a result of dehydration. The 2nd principal component (22% of the variation) had high positive loadings on monocyte and heterophil counts and weak negative loadings on the red cell characters. This component was interpreted as the response of the white blood cells to disease. When classification analysis was used to decide whether or not an animal was 'normal' the heterophil and lymphocyte counts alone provided almost as accurate an assessment as when all the blood parameters were taken into account. The role of these analyses in the diagnosis of disease is discussed.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress and low molecular weight antioxidants in triticale shoots under chloride salinization

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Viktor V. Ivanishchev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Sodium Chloride Stress ◽  
Oxidative Stress Indicators

We studied the alterations in oxidative stress indicators (hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radical, lipid peroxidation – LPO) and the alterations in the content of low molecular weight metabolites (ascorbic acid, glutathione, proline, chlorophyll and carotenoids) in the shoots of triticale (Triticosecale) under short-term (0-96 h) sodium chloride stress (120 mM) with statistical methods: principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. An analysis of the alterations in oxidative stress indicators allowed us to calculate the correlation coefficients for the pairs: peroxide – superoxide (0.52), peroxide – LPO (0.62), superoxide – LPO (0.23). The inclusion in the analysis of data on alterations in the content of low molecular weight antioxidants showed that the PCA method forms three main groups for all the studied characteristics: (1) LPO and hydrogen peroxide, (2) chlorophyll and carotenoids, (3) glutathione and ascorbate. The correlation coefficients were calculated for pairs: ascorbate – glutathione (0.71), ascorbate – proline (0.81), glutathione – proline (0.28). Such a value of the coefficient of the first pair suggests that ascorbic acid also performs numerous other functions, in addition to participating in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle. The high correlation between ascorbate and proline can be explained by the similar nature of alterations in their content in triticale shoots under conditions of short-term sodium chloride stress. Negative correlation coefficients in pairs of hydrogen peroxide – chlorophyll (-0.73), peroxide – carotenoids (-0.75), ascorbic acid – LPO (-0.70), LPO – proline (-0.69) give reason to talk about the possible protective role of photosynthesis pigments from accumulating hydrogen peroxide, as well as the potential role of ascorbic acid and proline in protecting membranes from lipid peroxidation. The application of the cluster analysis method showed that first and second order clusters between ascorbate, proline and glutathione reflect their known antioxidant role. The results obtained may also indicate that pigments have a much lower protective function.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Role of Oxidative Stress Indicators and Early Markers of Myocardial Injury and Disfunction in Patients with Lymphoproliferative Diseases

Kardiologiia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Yu. N. Belenkov ◽  
V. I. Ershov ◽  
O. N. Antyufeeva ◽  
D. A. Budanova ◽  
Yu. B. Kochkareva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Diseases ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Early Markers ◽  
Oxidative Stress Indicators

scholarly journals The Enigma of Eosinophil Degranulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 7091
Author(s):  
Timothée Fettrelet ◽  
Lea Gigon ◽  
Alexander Karaulov ◽  
Shida Yousefi ◽  
Hans-Uwe Simon
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Exact Role ◽  
Effector Cells ◽  
Effector Functions ◽  
Cytotoxic Effector ◽  
Eosinophil Degranulation

Eosinophils are specialized white blood cells, which are involved in the pathology of diverse allergic and nonallergic inflammatory diseases. Eosinophils are traditionally known as cytotoxic effector cells but have been suggested to additionally play a role in immunomodulation and maintenance of homeostasis. The exact role of these granule-containing leukocytes in health and diseases is still a matter of debate. Degranulation is one of the key effector functions of eosinophils in response to diverse stimuli. The different degranulation patterns occurring in eosinophils (piecemeal degranulation, exocytosis and cytolysis) have been extensively studied in the last few years. However, the exact mechanism of the diverse degranulation types remains unknown and is still under investigation. In this review, we focus on recent findings and highlight the diversity of stimulation and methods used to evaluate eosinophil degranulation.

scholarly journals Fluctuation of oxidative stress indicators in Salix nigra seeds during priming

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 3631-3642 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Roqueiro ◽  
S. Maldonado ◽  
M. d. C. Rios ◽  
H. Maroder
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Salix Nigra ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Oxidative Stress Indicators
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