scholarly journals Skull Modulated Strategy to Intensify Tumor Treating Fields on Brain Tumor: a Finite Element Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Xin ◽  
Penghao Liu ◽  
Hao Xing ◽  
Xiaoyan Wen ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Tumor Treating Fields ◽  
Treatment Dose ◽  
Defect Area ◽  
Clinical Benefits ◽  
Burr Holes ◽  
Scalp Lesions ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Purpose Tumor treating fields (TTFields) are a breakthrough in treating glioblastoma (GBM). Whereas, the intensity cannot be further enhanced, due to the limitation of scalp lesions. Skull remodeling (SR) surgery can elevate the treatment dose of TTFields in the intracranial foci. This study was aimed at exploring the characteristics of SR surgery towards TTFields augmentation. Methods The simplified multiple-tissue-layer model (MTL) model and realistic head (RH) model were reconstructed through finite element methods (FEM), to simulate the remodeling of the skull, which included skull drilling, thinning, and cranioplasty with PEEK, titanium, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), connective tissue and autologous bone. Results Skull thinning could enhance the intensity of TTFields in the brain tumor, with a 10% of increase of average peritumoral intensity (API) by every 1 cm decrease in skull thickness. Cranioplasty with titanium accompanied the most enhancement of TTFields in the MTL model, but CSF was superior in TTFields enhancement when simulated in the RH model. Besides, API increased nonlinearly with the expansion of drilled burr holes. In comparison with the single drill replaced by titanium, 9 burr holes could reach 96.98% of enhancement in API, but it could only reach 63.08% of enhancement under craniectomy of 9-times skull defect area. Conclusion Skull thinning and drilling could enhance API, which was correlated with the number and area of skull drilling. Cranioplasty with highly conductive material could also augment API, but might not provide clinical benefits as expected. Keywords Tumor treating fields, skull remodeling, cranioplasty, skull replacement, brain tumor, finite element analysis

Finite Element Analysis of Brain Injury due to Head Impact

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (08n09) ◽  
pp. 1355-1361
Author(s):  
Chang Min Suh ◽  
Sung Ho Kim ◽  
Werner Goldsmith
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Impact ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
External Impact ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) due to head impact by external impactor was analyzed using Finite Element Method (FEM). Two-dimensiona modeling was performed according to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data of Mongolian subject. Pressure variation in a cranium due to external impact was analyzed in order to simulate Nahum et al.'s cadaver test.6 And, analyzed results were compared with Nahum et al.'s experimental data.6 As results, stress and strain behaviors of the brain during impact were accorded with experimental data qualitatively even though there were some differences in quantitative values. In addition, they were accorded with other references about brain injury as well.

A review of the theories of vertebrate neurulation and their relationship to the mechanics of neural tube birth defects*

Development ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 89 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 229-255
Author(s):  
Richard Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Satisfactory Explanation ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

All of the published theories of neurulation, (some of them forgotten but never disproved), are reviewed for the purpose of assessing just where we are in coming to a satisfactory explanation of this critical step in the formation of the brain and spinal cord, whose occasional failure leads to neural tube birth defects. A new approach to evaluating these theories is introduced, namely finite element analysis, along with a discussion of its promise and present limitations. ‘To think that heredity will build organic beings without mechanical means is a piece of unscientific mysticism’ (His, 1888).

scholarly journals Finite element analysis of Tumor Treating Fields in a patient with posterior fossa glioblastoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Lok ◽  
Pyay San ◽  
Olivia Liang ◽  
Victoria White ◽  
Eric T. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Tumor Treating Fields

scholarly journals Finite Element Analysis of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: Influence of CSF Content and Anisotropy in Permeability

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Shahim ◽  
J.-M. Drezet ◽  
J.-F. Molinari ◽  
R. Sinkus ◽  
S. Momjian
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cerebral Disease ◽  
The Brain

Hydrocephalus is a cerebral disease where brain ventricles enlarge and compress the brain parenchyma towards the skull leading to symptoms like dementia, walking disorder and incontinence. The origin of normal pressure hydrocephalus is still obscure. In order to study this disease, a finite element model is built using the geometries of the ventricles and the skull measured by magnetic resonance imaging. The brain parenchyma is modelled as a porous medium fully saturated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using Biot's theory of consolidation (1941). Owing to the existence of bundles of axons, the brain parenchyma shows locally anisotropic behaviour. Indeed, permeability is higher along the fibre tracts in the white matter region. In contrast, grey matter is isotropic. Diffusion tensor imaging is used to establish the local CSF content and the fibre tracts direction together with the associated local frame where the permeability coefficients are given by dedicated formulas. The present study shows that both inhomogeneous CSF content and anisotropy in permeability have a great influence on the CSF flow pattern through the parenchyma under an imposed pressure gradient between the ventricles and the subarachnoid spaces.

Design of Retinal Stent Using Finite Element Analysis

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rusovici ◽  
D. Dalli ◽  
K. Mitra ◽  
M. Calhoun ◽  
R. Mazzocchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Retinal Detachment ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Tissue Layer ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Brain

The retina is a light-sensitive tissue layer that lines the inside of the eye and relays visual information directly to the brain via the optic nerve. Retinal detachment occurs when the retina is lifted or pulled from its physiological location. This condition can result in partial or total vision loss. Retinal detachmentis a leading cause of permanent vision loss.

Dynamic Response of the Human Head to Impact by Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Ruan ◽  
T. Khalil ◽  
A. I. King
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Fluid Layer ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Frontal Impact ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

The impact response of the human head has been determined by three-dimensional finite element modeling. This model represents the essential features of a 50th percentile human head. It includes a layered shell closely representing the cranial bones with the interior contents occupied by an inviscid continuum to simulate the brain. A thin fluid layer was included to represent the cerebral-spinal fluid. To validate the model, its response was obtained by applying a sine-squared pulse of 6.8 kN in magnitude and 10 ms in duration. The load was applied to a freely supported head on the frontal bone in the midsagittal plane. The computed pressure-time histories at 5 locations within the brain material compared quite favorably with previously published experimental data from cadaver experiments and provided a reasonable level of confidence in the validation of the model. A parametric study was subsequently conducted to identify the model response when the impact site (frontal, side, occipital) and the material properties of the head were varied. Interestingly, the model predicted higher contre-coup pressure in the frontal lobe (from occipital impact) than that predicted in the occipital region from frontal impact. This finding supports clinical findings of contre-coup injury being more likely to result from occipital impact than from frontal impact.

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