Long-Term Changes in Premature Death of Lung Cancer in a Developed Region of China: A Population-Based Study From 1973 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjing Ye ◽  
Weiwei Lu ◽  
Yibo Ding ◽  
Yichen Chen ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Long Term Changes

Abstract Background: Lung cancer is a leading cause of deaths worldwide, and its incidence shows an upward trend. The study in the long-term changes in premature death of lung cancer in a developed region of China has a great exploratiory significance to further clarify the effectiveness of intervention measures.Methods: Cancer death data were collected from the Mortality Registration System of Shanghai Pudong New Area (PNA). We analysed crude mortality rate (CMR), age-standardized mortality rate by Segi’s world standard population (ASMRW), and years of life lost (YLL) of lung cancer from 1973 to 2019. Temporal trends of CMR, ASMRW, and rate of YLL were calculated by joinpoint regression expressed as an annual percent change (APC) with corresponding 95% confidence interval.Results: 80,543,137 person-years were enrolled in this study in PNA from 1973 to 2019. There were 42,229 deaths in permanent residents from lung cancer. The CMR and ASMRW were 52.43/105 person-years and 27.79/105 person-years. YLL due to premature death from lung cancer was 481779.14 years, and the rate of YLL was 598.16/105 person-years. The CMR, and rate of YLL for deaths had significantly increasing trends in males, females, and the total population (P<0.001). The CMR in the total population increased by 2.86% (95% CI=2.66%-3.07%, P < 0.001) per year during the study period. The YLL rate increased with an APCC of 2.21% (95% CI = 1.92% to 2.51%, P < 0.001) per year. The contribution rates of increased values of CMR caused by demographic factors were more evident than non-demographic factors.Conclusion: The aging population, progress of treatment, smoking, and even environmental pollution may be the factors that affect the long-term changes in premature death of lung cancer in PNA from1973 to 2019. Our research can help us to understand the changes of lung cancer mortality, and our results could also be used for other similar cities in designing future prevention plans.

Long-term changes in premature death of lung cancer in a developed region of China: a population-based study from 1973 to 2019 (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjing Ye ◽  
Weiwei Lu ◽  
Xiaopan Li ◽  
Yichen Chen ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with 2,206,771 new lung cancer cases and 1,796,144 deaths in 2020. Many studies showed tremendous effort in the discovery of potential biomarkers for the detection, classification and progression monitoring of lung cancer. The treatment of lung cancer has made great progress over the past decade. The study on the long-term changes of disease burden of lung cancer has great exploratiory significance to further clarify the epidemiological characteristics of lung cancer and improve the survival time of patients OBJECTIVE The study in the long-term changes in premature death of lung cancer in a developed region of China has a great exploratiory significance to further clarify the effectiveness of intervention measures METHODS Cancer death data were collected from the Mortality Registration System of Shanghai Pudong New Area (PNA). We analysed crude mortality rate (CMR), age-standardized mortality rate by Segi’s world standard population (ASMRW), and years of life lost (YLL) of lung cancer from 1973 to 2019. Temporal trends of CMR, ASMRW, and rate of YLL were calculated by joinpoint regression expressed as an annual percent change (APC) with corresponding 95% confidence interval. RESULTS 80,543,137 person-years were enrolled in this study in PNA from 1973 to 2019. There were 42,229 deaths in permanent residents from lung cancer. The CMR and ASMRW were 52.43/105 person-years and 27.79/105 person-years. YLL due to premature death from lung cancer was 481779.14 years, and the rate of YLL was 598.16/105 person-years. The CMR, and rate of YLL for deaths had significantly increasing trends in males, females, and the total population (P<0.001). The CMR in the total population increased by 2.86% (95% CI=2.66%-3.07%, P < 0.001) per year during the study period. The YLL rate increased with an APCC of 2.21% (95% CI = 1.92% to 2.51%, P < 0.001) per year. The contribution rates of increased values of CMR caused by demographic factors were more evident than non-demographic factors. CONCLUSIONS The aging population, progress of treatment, smoking, and even environmental pollution may be the factors that affect the long-term changes in premature death of lung cancer in PNA from1973 to 2019. Our research can help us to understand the changes of lung cancer mortality, and our results could also be used for other similar cities in designing future prevention plans.

scholarly journals Years of Life Lost Due to Premature Death and Their Trends in People With Selected Neurological Disorders in Shanghai, China, 1995–2018: A Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Luo ◽  
Huihui Lv ◽  
Yichen Chen ◽  
Xiaoyun Xu ◽  
Kangyong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Pudong New Area

Background: Neurological disorders are the leading cause of long-term disability and the second leading cause of death in the world. We aimed to characterize the long-term trends in mortality and disease burden of selected neurological disorders and quantitatively analyze the contributions of demographic and non-demographic factors on the mortality of selected neurological disorders in Shanghai, China, 1995–2018.Methods: Mortality data were derived from the Vital Statistics System of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China, during 1995–2018. Temporal trends for the mortality rates and burden of selected neurological disorders were analyzed by Joinpoint Regression Program. Years of life lost (YLL) was used to analyze the burden of disease. The increasing mortality rates related to demographic and non-demographic factors were estimated by the decomposition method.Results: A total of 4432 deaths from selected neurological disorders occurred during 1995–2018, accounting for 0.98% of total deaths. The crude mortality rates (CMR) and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRW) of neurological disorders were 7.14/105 person–years and 4.08/105 person–years, respectively. Extrapyramidal and movement disorders, other degenerative diseases of the nervous system, and episodic and paroxysmal disorders were the three leading causes of mortality and YLL of selected neurological disorders. The CMR, ASMRW, and rate of YLL for deaths from selected neurological disorders showed significantly increasing trends in males, females, and the total population during 1995–2018 (all P &lt; 0.001). The contribution rates of increased values of CMR related to demographic factors were more evident than non-demographic factors.Conclusion: The mortality rate and rate of YLL for death from selected neurological disorders increased significantly during 1995–2018 in Pudong New Area, Shanghai. The demographic factors, particularly aging, might be related to an increase in the mortality of neurological disorders. More effective prevention strategies are needed to prevent the aging-related death and burden from neurological disorders in the future.

scholarly journals Years of life lost due to premature death and their trends in people with malignant neoplasm of female genital organs in Shanghai, China during 1995–2018: a population based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Luo ◽  
Yuan He ◽  
Guifen Ma ◽  
Yang Deng ◽  
Yichen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Ovary Cancer ◽  
Female Genital

Abstract Background The increasing aging population has been posing a significant challenge to disease burden in developing countries. In particular, the contribution of population aging to and long term changes of disease burden of malignant neoplasm of female genital organs (MNFGO) have not been quantitatively demonstrated. Methods Data were collected from the Shanghai Vital Statistics System of Pudong New Area (PNA). Crude mortality rate (CMR), age-standardized mortality rate by Segi’s world standard population (ASMRW), and years of life lost (YLL) of MNFGO as the underlying cause of death in age and pathology types from 1995 to 2018 were calculated. The joinpoint regression was used to estimate the trends of those rates by identifying the annual percent changes (APCs), and the decomposition method was used to calculate the increased rates and the contribution resulting from demographic and non-demographic factors. Results From 1995 to 2018, a total of 2869 MNFGO-specific deaths were reported in PNA, accounting for 0.64% of the total deaths. The CMR and ASMRW of MNFGO were 9.23/105 person-years and 4.80/105 person-years, respectively. Ovary cancer was the most common cause of MNFGO death, accounting for 43.9% (1260/2869) of all MNFGO death. Other common causes of MNFGO death included cervix uteri cancer, uterus unspecified cancer, and corpus uteri cancer. With the increase of age, the mortality rate of MNFGO in residents had shown an upward trend ([APC (95%CI) = 3.46 (2.74, 4.18), P < 0.001)] for each five-year age group from 0 to 4 to 85+ years. From 1995 to 2018, YLL of MNFGO in Shanghai PNA was 42,152.82 years, and the rate of YLL was 135.56 /105. The top three MNFGO types in YLLs were ovary cancer, cervix uteri cancer and uterus unspecified cancer. Demographic factors contributed significantly to the upward trends of CMR, ASMRW, and YLL rates of MNFGO. Conclusion With aggravated population aging in Shanghai, MNFGO is and will continue to be a serious threat to women’s health. More precise and effective prevention strategies are needed to target high risk population, to achieve efficient health resource allocation and to improve women’s health in particular.

Long-term changes in pulmonary function tests after definitive radiotherapy for lung cancer

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith L Miller ◽  
Su-Min Zhou ◽  
Robert C Barrier ◽  
Timothy Shafman ◽  
Rodney J Folz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Definitive Radiotherapy ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Long Term Changes

scholarly journals Cancer Mortality and Long-Term Environmental Exposure of Cadmium in Contaminated Community Based on a Third Retrospective Cause of Death Investigation of Residents Living in the Guangdong Province from 2004 to 2005

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aili Jiang ◽  
Lijuan Gong ◽  
Hao Ding ◽  
Mao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Low Exposure ◽  
Cd Exposure ◽  
Cancer Mortality Risk

AbstractThis study compared the temporal and geographic trends of cancer in China with a specific focus on the long-term exposure to soil cadmium (Cd) pollution. The geographic information system (GIS; kriging interpolation method) was used to detect the Cd contained in the soil from the Dabaoshan area, Guangdong Province. The standard rate ratio (SRR) was calculated to describe the relationship between Cd exposure and cancer mortality risk using the low-exposure group as a reference. Eight hundred six cancer deaths (533 male and 273 female) in the total population of 972,970 were identified, and the age-standardized rate (world) was 145.64 per 100,000. Significant dose-response relationships were found using the low-exposure group as the reference group. The Cd soil levels were positively associated with the cancer mortality risk in the community population, particularly for all cancers (SRR = 3.27; 95% CI = 2.42–4.55), esophageal cancer (SRR = 5.42; 95% CI = 1.07–30.56), stomach cancer (SRR = 5.99; 95% CI = 2.00–18.66), liver cancer (SRR = 4.45; 95% CI = 2.16–10.34), and lung cancer (SRR = 2.86; 95% CI = 1.62–5.31) for the total population. Additionally, similar results were obtained when using the 2000 China standard population. Cd exposure significantly affected the standardized mortality rates (China) by age group for all cancers, esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, liver cancer, and lung cancer in the total population, particularly in the age groups of 35–54, 55–74, and ≥ 75 years, respectively. Cd soil level is likely positively associated with increased cancer mortality of all cancer types and esophageal, stomach, liver, and lung cancers but not for other specific categories of cancer.

scholarly journals Mortality Rate and Years of Life Lost Due to Prostate Cancer in Yazd Province, Iran: A 10-year study

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Mirzaei ◽  
Mahboobehsadat Mirzadeh ◽  
Mohsen Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Healthcare Needs

Objectives: Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The number of deaths and years of life lost (YLL) due to a disease can be used to monitor health status, assess healthcare needs and determine the prioritisation and allocation of health resources within a population; in addition, the latter calculation can serve as a baseline indicator of premature mortality. This study aimed to measure prostate cancer-related mortality and YLL in Yazd Province, Iran. Methods: This study included all prostate cancer-related deaths in Yazd Province reported between March 2001 and March 2010. Mortality data were obtained from a provincial death registration system which integrates data from different sources. YLL was calculated based on an individual’s age at death and their life expectancy according to age group. Results: During the study period, prostate cancer was the fourth most common fatal cancer among men, resulting in 324 deaths or 10.0% of all cancer-related deaths. The crude mortality rate per 100,000 individuals increased from 4.7 in 2001 to 8.8 in 2010. Premature deaths caused 1,358.7 YLL and the YLL caused by prostate cancer deaths more than doubled from 94.7 in 2001 to 196.5 in 2010. Conclusion: Due to changes in population structure, it is likely that the burden of prostate cancer will continue to increase in Yazd Province. As such, it is necessary that the national health system implements screening programmes and improvespublic awareness of prostate cancer-associated risk factors.

scholarly journals Mortality Rate and Years of Life Lost, Due to Premature Death Caused by COVID-19, In Iran, Ahwaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habibollah Azarbakhsh ◽  
Alireza Mirahmadizadeh ◽  
Maryam Rostami ◽  
Mohebat vali
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Spreadsheet Software

Abstract Background: The emerging and evolving situation of COVID-19 threatens the health of all human beings.The aim of this study is to measure the mortality rate and years of life lost, due to premature death caused by COVID-19 in Iran, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences.Materials and Methods: In this study, all definite deaths due to COVID-19 were used. First, descriptive analysis including mean and standard deviation and number were performed, then raw and age-standardized (ASR) mortality rates were calculated. The analysis of the number of years of life lost due to premature death due to COVID-19 was performed using the YLL template of 2015, from the World Health Organization, in the Excel spreadsheet software version 2007.Results: During the study period (from March 2020 to June 2020), 629 definite deaths due to COVID-19 occurred (men 59.14% and women 40.86 %). The mortality rate due to COVID-19 in men and women was 16.24 and 17.17 per 100,000 persons, respectively. Total years of life lost (YLL) during the study period was 4722 (3.06 per thousand persons) in men, 3691 (2.46 per thousand persons) in women and 8413 (2.77 per thousand persons) in both sexes.Conclusion: This study is one of the first studies to measure the years of life lost due to COVID-19 in Iran. The results of this study show that due to the high mortality of this disease, decision makers should focus on reducing mortality in order to stop the possibly next waves of COVID-19.

The Fifty-Year Decline of Cancer in America

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad Rodu ◽  
Philip Cole
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact

PURPOSE: From 1950 to 1990, the overall cancer mortality rate increased steadily in the United States, a trend which ran counter to declining mortality from other major diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of lung cancer on all-cancer mortality over the past 50 years. METHODS: Data from the National Centers for Health Statistics were used to develop mortality rates for all forms of cancer combined, lung cancer, and other-cancer (all-cancer minus lung cancer) from 1950 to 1998. RESULTS: When lung cancer is excluded, mortality from all other forms of cancer combined declined continuously from 1950 to 1998, dropping 25% during this period. The decline in other-cancer mortality was approximately 0.4% annually from 1950 to 1990 but accelerated to 0.9% per year from 1990 to 1996 and to 2.2% per year from 1996 to 1998. CONCLUSION: The long-term decline is likely due primarily to improvements in medical care, including screening, diagnosis, and treatment.

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