scholarly journals Years of Life Lost Due to Premature Death and Their Trends in People With Selected Neurological Disorders in Shanghai, China, 1995–2018: A Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Luo ◽  
Huihui Lv ◽  
Yichen Chen ◽  
Xiaoyun Xu ◽  
Kangyong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Pudong New Area

Background: Neurological disorders are the leading cause of long-term disability and the second leading cause of death in the world. We aimed to characterize the long-term trends in mortality and disease burden of selected neurological disorders and quantitatively analyze the contributions of demographic and non-demographic factors on the mortality of selected neurological disorders in Shanghai, China, 1995–2018.Methods: Mortality data were derived from the Vital Statistics System of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China, during 1995–2018. Temporal trends for the mortality rates and burden of selected neurological disorders were analyzed by Joinpoint Regression Program. Years of life lost (YLL) was used to analyze the burden of disease. The increasing mortality rates related to demographic and non-demographic factors were estimated by the decomposition method.Results: A total of 4432 deaths from selected neurological disorders occurred during 1995–2018, accounting for 0.98% of total deaths. The crude mortality rates (CMR) and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRW) of neurological disorders were 7.14/105 person–years and 4.08/105 person–years, respectively. Extrapyramidal and movement disorders, other degenerative diseases of the nervous system, and episodic and paroxysmal disorders were the three leading causes of mortality and YLL of selected neurological disorders. The CMR, ASMRW, and rate of YLL for deaths from selected neurological disorders showed significantly increasing trends in males, females, and the total population during 1995–2018 (all P < 0.001). The contribution rates of increased values of CMR related to demographic factors were more evident than non-demographic factors.Conclusion: The mortality rate and rate of YLL for death from selected neurological disorders increased significantly during 1995–2018 in Pudong New Area, Shanghai. The demographic factors, particularly aging, might be related to an increase in the mortality of neurological disorders. More effective prevention strategies are needed to prevent the aging-related death and burden from neurological disorders in the future.

Long-Term Changes in Premature Death of Lung Cancer in a Developed Region of China: A Population-Based Study From 1973 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjing Ye ◽  
Weiwei Lu ◽  
Yibo Ding ◽  
Yichen Chen ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Long Term Changes

Abstract Background: Lung cancer is a leading cause of deaths worldwide, and its incidence shows an upward trend. The study in the long-term changes in premature death of lung cancer in a developed region of China has a great exploratiory significance to further clarify the effectiveness of intervention measures.Methods: Cancer death data were collected from the Mortality Registration System of Shanghai Pudong New Area (PNA). We analysed crude mortality rate (CMR), age-standardized mortality rate by Segi’s world standard population (ASMRW), and years of life lost (YLL) of lung cancer from 1973 to 2019. Temporal trends of CMR, ASMRW, and rate of YLL were calculated by joinpoint regression expressed as an annual percent change (APC) with corresponding 95% confidence interval.Results: 80,543,137 person-years were enrolled in this study in PNA from 1973 to 2019. There were 42,229 deaths in permanent residents from lung cancer. The CMR and ASMRW were 52.43/105 person-years and 27.79/105 person-years. YLL due to premature death from lung cancer was 481779.14 years, and the rate of YLL was 598.16/105 person-years. The CMR, and rate of YLL for deaths had significantly increasing trends in males, females, and the total population (P<0.001). The CMR in the total population increased by 2.86% (95% CI=2.66%-3.07%, P < 0.001) per year during the study period. The YLL rate increased with an APCC of 2.21% (95% CI = 1.92% to 2.51%, P < 0.001) per year. The contribution rates of increased values of CMR caused by demographic factors were more evident than non-demographic factors.Conclusion: The aging population, progress of treatment, smoking, and even environmental pollution may be the factors that affect the long-term changes in premature death of lung cancer in PNA from1973 to 2019. Our research can help us to understand the changes of lung cancer mortality, and our results could also be used for other similar cities in designing future prevention plans.

scholarly journals Simulated fishing experiments for predicting delayed mortality rates using reflex impairment in restrained fish

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 1535-1542 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Fishing Vessels ◽  
Discard Mortality ◽  
Delayed Mortality ◽  
Mortality Predictors ◽  
Sigmoid Functions

Abstract Davis, M. W. 2007. Simulated fishing experiments for predicting delayed mortality rates using reflex impairment in restrained fish. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64: 1535–1542. Development of efficient methods to predict discard and escapee mortality in fishing operations is essential to the conservation of sensitive fish stocks. For a few fisheries, mortality data are available from fishing experiments in the field; these require long-term holding or monitoring of fish in tanks, cages, or tag and recapture experiments to detect delayed mortality. A different approach to predicting discard and escapee mortality is to use reflex action mortality predictors (RAMP) consisting of relationships between mortality and reflex impairment for species of interest. Fish were towed in a net in the laboratory and then either restrained in foam-lined holders and rapidly tested for reflex impairment five minutes after towing, or held for up to 60 days to determine delayed mortality. Delayed mortality occurred up to 20 days after towing. RAMP was related to mortality with biphasic sigmoid functions. As fishing stressors increased in intensity, the first phase showed an increase in RAMP with no concomitant mortality. In the second phase, RAMP continued to increase, while mortality became apparent and increased. The measurement of RAMP in restrained fish on board fishing vessels during experiments to predict discard mortality and in caged free swimming fish to predict escapee mortality is feasible and advisable.

scholarly journals The Burden of Stroke in The Municipality of Chongqing, China, From 1990 To 2016

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiya Yang ◽  
Sha Ran ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
Zuocheng Wu ◽  
Dong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Western China ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study

Abstract Background: The burden of stroke varies substantially across regions in China. However, comprehensive comparisons between regions are lacking. This study aims to analyze variations in stroke burden in the municipality of Chongqing, Western China, from 1990-2016. Methods: Data on prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) by age, sex, location, and year were extracted from the 2016 Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD 2016) of China between 1990-2016. The datasets were compared to examine the temporal trends in stroke burden in the last two decades.Results: In 2016, there were 670,438 cases of stroke, 41,022 deaths, and 847,437 DALYs due to stroke in Chongqing. Age-standardized mortality and DALY rates of IS and HS were higher in men whereas age-standardized prevalence rates of IS were higher in women. From 1990 to 2016, age-standardized prevalence rates of overall stroke increased by 33.29%, whereas mortality rates and DALYs decreased by 34.51% and 34.79%, respectively. YLLs were the main contributor to DALYs; however, the YLL/YLD ratio decreased over time. During the study period, the overall burden of stroke decreased, whereas the prevalence rate of IS increased in all age groups.Conclusions: Despite a decrease in mortality rates, the increase in the prevalence of stroke in Chongqing stresses the need to allocate more health resources. Special attention should be paid to discrepancies in the estimation of the type of stroke according to gender and age to determine mechanisms that explain the causes of stroke.

scholarly journals Long-Term Trends in Unintentional Fall Mortality in China: A Population-Based Age-Period-Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenkun Wang ◽  
Youzhen Hu ◽  
Fang Peng
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Unintentional Falls

Background: Unintentional falls seriously threaten the life and health of people in China. This study aimed to assess the long-term trends of mortality from unintentional falls in China and to examine the age-, period-, and cohort-specific effects behind them.Methods: This population-based multiyear cross-sectional study of Chinese people aged 0–84 years was a secondary analysis of the mortality data of fall injuries from 1990 to 2019, derived from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Age-standardized mortality rates of unintentional falls by year, sex, and age group were used as the main outcomes and were analyzed within the age-period-cohort framework.Results: Although the crude mortality rates of unintentional falls for men and women showed a significant upward trend, the age-standardized mortality rates for both sexes only increased slightly. The net drift of unintentional fall mortality was 0.13% (95% CI, −0.04 to 0.3%) per year for men and −0.71% (95% CI, −0.96 to −0.46%) per year for women. The local drift values for both sexes increased with age group. Significant age, cohort, and period effects were found behind the mortality trends of the unintentional falls for both sexes in China.Conclusions: Unintentional falls are still a major public health problem that disproportionately threatens the lives of men and women in China. Efforts should be put in place urgently to prevent the growing number of fall-related mortality for men over 40 years old and women over 70 years old. Gains observed in the recent period, relative risks (RRs), and cohort RRs may be related to improved healthcare and better education.

Long-term changes in premature death of lung cancer in a developed region of China: a population-based study from 1973 to 2019 (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjing Ye ◽  
Weiwei Lu ◽  
Xiaopan Li ◽  
Yichen Chen ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with 2,206,771 new lung cancer cases and 1,796,144 deaths in 2020. Many studies showed tremendous effort in the discovery of potential biomarkers for the detection, classification and progression monitoring of lung cancer. The treatment of lung cancer has made great progress over the past decade. The study on the long-term changes of disease burden of lung cancer has great exploratiory significance to further clarify the epidemiological characteristics of lung cancer and improve the survival time of patients OBJECTIVE The study in the long-term changes in premature death of lung cancer in a developed region of China has a great exploratiory significance to further clarify the effectiveness of intervention measures METHODS Cancer death data were collected from the Mortality Registration System of Shanghai Pudong New Area (PNA). We analysed crude mortality rate (CMR), age-standardized mortality rate by Segi’s world standard population (ASMRW), and years of life lost (YLL) of lung cancer from 1973 to 2019. Temporal trends of CMR, ASMRW, and rate of YLL were calculated by joinpoint regression expressed as an annual percent change (APC) with corresponding 95% confidence interval. RESULTS 80,543,137 person-years were enrolled in this study in PNA from 1973 to 2019. There were 42,229 deaths in permanent residents from lung cancer. The CMR and ASMRW were 52.43/105 person-years and 27.79/105 person-years. YLL due to premature death from lung cancer was 481779.14 years, and the rate of YLL was 598.16/105 person-years. The CMR, and rate of YLL for deaths had significantly increasing trends in males, females, and the total population (P<0.001). The CMR in the total population increased by 2.86% (95% CI=2.66%-3.07%, P < 0.001) per year during the study period. The YLL rate increased with an APCC of 2.21% (95% CI = 1.92% to 2.51%, P < 0.001) per year. The contribution rates of increased values of CMR caused by demographic factors were more evident than non-demographic factors. CONCLUSIONS The aging population, progress of treatment, smoking, and even environmental pollution may be the factors that affect the long-term changes in premature death of lung cancer in PNA from1973 to 2019. Our research can help us to understand the changes of lung cancer mortality, and our results could also be used for other similar cities in designing future prevention plans.

USING INDIRECT METHODS TO UNDERSTAND THE IMPACT OF FORCED MIGRATION ON LONG-TERM UNDER-FIVE MORTALITY

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 741-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAVITA SINGH ◽  
UNNI KARUNAKARA ◽  
GILBERT BURNHAM ◽  
KENNETH HILL
Keyword(s):  
Forced Migration ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Impact

Despite the large numbers of displaced persons and the often-lengthy periods of displacement, little is known about the impact of forced migration on long-term under-five mortality. This paper looks at the Brass Method (and adaptations of this method) and the Preceding Birth Technique in combination with a classification of women by their migration and reproductive histories, in order to study the impact of forced migration on under-five mortality. Data came from the Demography of Forced Migration Project, a study on mortality, fertility and violence in the refugee and host populations of Arua District, Uganda and Yei River District, Sudan. Results indicate that women who did not migrate in a situation of conflict and women who repatriated before the age of 15, had children with the highest under-five mortality rates compared with women who were currently refugees and women who repatriated after the age of 15.

Premature Mortality Due to Suicide, Homicide, and Motor Vehicle Accidents in Health Service Delivery Areas: Comparison of Status Indians in British Columbia, Canada, with All other Residents

2005 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 739-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Stephen Bridges ◽  
Julie C. Kunselman
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Vehicle Accidents

From each of 15 health regions, potential years of life lost (PYLL) before age 75 for Status Indians is compared for select causes of death with all other residents. Mortality data from 1991 to 2001 for rates of PYLL (standardized to the 1991 population) are from tables of the British Columbia Vital Statistics Agency and First Nations and Inuit Health Branch in 2002. PYLL rate differences and rate ratios were compared for two groups with significance of the former indicated by the 95% confidence interval. Overall, the rates of PYLL for suicide, homicide, and deaths due to motor vehicle accidents were about 224%, 340%, and 248% higher among Status Indians than all other residents. Rates of PYLL for homicide and deaths from motor vehicle accidents among Status Indian women exceeded those of other residents who were men. For suicide, Status Indian men ranked first and all other male residents of British Columbia ranked second.

scholarly journals Temporal trends in incidence and mortality rates of laryngeal cancer at the global, regional and national levels, 1990–2017

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e050387
Author(s):  
Jing-Yuan Wang ◽  
Qiang-Wei Zhang ◽  
Kaixue Wen ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
Xiaolin Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laryngeal Cancer ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Incident Cases

ObjectivesLaryngeal cancer is the most prevalent entity of head and neck cancer. Knowing the trends of incidence and mortality of laryngeal cancer is important for the reduction in related disease burden.DesignPopulation-based observational study.Main outcomes and measuresThe incidence and mortality data of laryngeal cancer were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease study 2017 online database. The estimated average percentage change was used to quantify the trends of laryngeal cancer incidence and mortality at the global, regional and national levels.ResultsGlobally, the numbers of incident cases and deaths due to laryngeal cancer increased 58.7% and 33.9%, respectively, from 1990 to 2017. However, the overall age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardised mortality rate decreased by 0.99% (95% CI 0.83% to 1.14%) and 1.62% (95% CI 1.50% to 1.74%) per year, respectively. These decreases were ubiquitous worldwide. However, unfavourable trends in the ASIR of laryngeal cancer were also observed in a total of 51 developing countries.ConclusionsThe incidence and mortality rates of laryngeal cancer have significantly decreased at the global level and in most countries over the past three decades. The regions that showed an increasing incidence trend deserve more attention.

scholarly journals Modeling County-Level Spatio-Temporal Mortality Rates Using Dynamic Linear Models

Risks ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Zoe Gibbs ◽  
Chris Groendyke ◽  
Brian Hartman ◽  
Robert Richardson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
County Level ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Mortality Improvement

The lifestyles and backgrounds of individuals across the United States differ widely. Some of these differences are easily measurable (ethnicity, age, income, etc.) while others are not (stress levels, empathy, diet, exercise, etc.). Though every person is unique, individuals living closer together likely have more similar lifestyles than individuals living hundreds of miles apart. Because lifestyle and environmental factors contribute to mortality, spatial correlation may be an important feature in mortality modeling. However, many of the current mortality models fail to account for spatial relationships. This paper introduces spatio-temporal trends into traditional mortality modeling using Bayesian hierarchical models with conditional auto-regressive (CAR) priors. We show that these priors, commonly used for areal data, are appropriate for modeling county-level spatial trends in mortality data covering the contiguous United States. We find that mortality rates of neighboring counties are highly correlated. Additionally, we find that mortality improvement or deterioration trends between neighboring counties are also highly correlated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document