Evaluating the Profile Geochemical Characteristics and Environmental Risk Prediction of Typical Sulfide Tailing Ponds Through Multiple Methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqun Zhang ◽  
Xing Chen ◽  
Chunlu Jiang ◽  
Liugen Zheng ◽  
Yiming Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Current Status ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Multiple Methods ◽  
Risk Assessment Code ◽  
Joint Application ◽  
Medium Risk ◽  
Microscopic Morphology

Abstract Abandoned tailings generated from copper mining are exposed to the environment for a long time will cause related risks, such as stability, landslides, surface and groundwater pollution, acid mine drainage (AMD) and secondary mineral deposits. This research started from multiple methods and comprehensively assessed the current status of mine tailings through the joint application of geophysics, geochemistry and mineralogy techniques to identify relevant environmental hazards. A thick oxidized hardened layer was formed on the surface of the tailings dam, but there were still faults or crack that affected its structural stability. According to the low-resistivity distribution of the tailings, the surface oxide compaction was judged, and the existence of high-resistivity cracks judged the potential migration path of heavy metals (HMs). The microscopic morphology and existing mineral phases of tailings particles at different depths in the profile were determined by SEM and XRD of representative samples as the main feature of iron crystalline phase. As the profile depth increased, the minerals such as calcite, pyrite and goethite gradually appeared. In addition, Cr and As were no risk, Cu, Zn, Pb were low risk, Ni was medium risk, and Cd was high risk in risk assessment code (RAC) analysis of the tailings. Judging whether HMs in the tailings are hazardous substances according to the results of toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), it was found that the leaching contents of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Ni, As were all lower than the limit, while the leaching content of Cd was higher than the limit, and additional attention should be paid to Cd pollution.

scholarly journals Q-Fever, an undermined zoonotic threat

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 333-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swochhal Prakash Shrestha ◽  
Krishna Kaphle ◽  
Yuvraj Panth ◽  
Swoyam Prakash Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Current Status ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Negative Bacterium ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Infectious Dose ◽  
First Time ◽  
Online Sources

With upto 75% of all human disease being zoonotic in origin, proper study of the diseases is necessary to prevent any outbreak or human loss. More studies are required for developing countries like Nepal where there are no appropriate provisions for situations after breakouts. One such little known sporadic zoonosis is Q-fever. Q-fever (Coxiellosis) is caused by Gram-negative bacterium Coxiella burnetii that infect cattle and other ruminants with serious concerns for developing reproductive disorders and flu-like symptoms in human. There have been reports of undifferentiated febrile illness of Rickettsial cause in human and seroprevalence of Coxiella antibodies in goats of Chitwan and dairy cattle of Rupandehi for the first time. Low infectious dose and high resistivity to environment makes the disease more potent. Q-fever continues to be unexplored in Nepal despite its identification in neighboring countries like India. Thus, this paper after reviewing related articles from various journals, proceedings and magazines from online sources like Google Scholar, Mendeley, NCBI and PubMed is aimed to evaluate current status of disease, its epidemiology, zoonotic potential and preventive measures that can be adopted to minimize the threat of the disease as much as possible.

scholarly journals A re-assessment of metal pollution in the Dexing mining area in Jiangxi province, China: current status, hydro-geochemical controls, and effectiveness of remediation practices

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Xie ◽  
C. Yu ◽  
B. Peng ◽  
H. Xiao ◽  
W. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Copper Mine ◽  
Guideline Values ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

AbstractThis study re-assess the environmental impacts of the Dexing copper mine (the largest open-pit copper mine in Asia) on the Lean river and its two tributaries (the Dawu river and Jishui river) in the Jiangxi province, China, with particular focus on metal pollution as well as the effectiveness and side-effects of remediation activities. Results show that the Dawu river and its mixing zone with the Lean river were still heavily influenced by acid mine drainage (AMD) and loaded with elevated levels of metals, in particular Mn, Ni, and Al whose concentrations were frequently above the health-based guideline values. Manganese and Ni in the AMD-impacted waters were predicted to occur as free ions or sulfate and carbonate complexes, and thus highly-toxic to living organisms. Although Al in the AMD-impacted waters was predicted to exist largely as colloidal hydroxides with low bioavailability, abundant formation of such nano-sized particles could impair the respiratory and circulatory systems of aquatic macro-invertebrates. The integration and comparison of the results from the current and previous studies show that the concentrations of several metals (Cu, Zn, and Cd) in the Dawu river decreased significantly after 2011–2012, during which several remediation practices were implemented (e.g., AMD neutralization, excavation of contaminated sediments in impounded rivers, and rehabilitation of mine tailings and open-pit slopes). This provides evidence that these remediation practices have effectively limited the dispersion of metals from the mining area. However, AMD neutralization greatly enhanced the release of sulfate, making the mining area an even more important sulfate source.

scholarly journals Chemical Speciation and Mobility of Heavy Metals in Soils Around Nasara Sack and Packaging Company Akwanga, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 5379-5386
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Amuntse Yerima ◽  
B.N. Hikon ◽  
C.V. Ogbodo ◽  
H. Ataitiya ◽  
J.D. Ani
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Risk Assessment Code ◽  
Mobility Factor ◽  
Nickel Cobalt ◽  
Medium Risk ◽  
Iron Nickel ◽  
Test Soil ◽  
Heavy Metals In Soils

This study quantified and assessed the mobility of iron, nickel, cobalt and lead in soils around a sack and packaging company using indices such as mobility factor and risk assessment code. The results evaluating the mobility factor of heavy metals in soils around the sack and packaging company reveal that all the metals determined exceed the minimum limit of 10% mobility factor and are mobile with the mobility factor being in the order of: Ni > Pb > Co > Fe in the test soil. The risk assessment of heavy metals in the area based on risk assessment code ranged from low risk to medium risk (1-30%) where the risk level of the heavy metals is in the order:  Co > Ni > Pb > Fe in the test soil.

scholarly journals Integrative Assessment of Pb and Cd Pollution in Porong Estuaries Using Sediment Chemistry, Bioavailability, and Bioconcentration Factor

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 464
Author(s):  
Barlah Rumhayati ◽  
Catur Retnaningdyah
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Bioconcentration Factor ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Sediment Chemistry ◽  
Risk Assessment Code ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction ◽  
Medium Risk ◽  
Integrative Assessment ◽  
Sequential Extraction Method

The aims of the research were to perform an integrative assessment of high metal pollution in Porong Estuary by determining (i) the distribution of heavy metals fraction in sediment, (ii) the potential risk of sediment to the metal bioavailability, and (iii) the bioaccumulation factor of heavy metals in benthic. Fractionation of heavy metals in the sediments was carried out by the European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction method. The potential risk of sediment was determined from RAC (risk assessment code) value. Bioconcentration factor was determined based on the ratio of the concentration of heavy metals in benthic to the concentration of bioavailable metals from sediments. Heavy metal concentrations were measured using AAS. The results showed that non-resistant Pb and Cd was higher than resistant fractions. As a non-resistant fraction, Pb was found mostly as fraction 2, i.e., metal fraction adsorbed on the surface of the iron oxy/hydroxide sediment (34.5 ± 4.9%). Cd was more prevalent as fraction 3, i.e., an organic bound fraction (29.0 ± 1.8%). Furthermore, Porong Estuary sediments had medium risk for contributing the bioavailable Cd in the water bodies based on the RAC (15.6 ± 1.8%). Based on the bioconcentration factor, accumulation of Cd and Pb was low (48.00 ± 7.62% for BCF-Cd and 32.29 ± 6.90% for BCF-Pb). Based on the results above, it could be concluded that the Porong Estuary water bodies have not been polluted by Pb and Cd released from the aquatic sediment.

Depth Variability and Fractionation of Fe, Mn, Cu and Pb in Sediments from Bosten Lake in Xinjiang, Northwest China

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 1036-1041
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
An Ming Bao ◽  
Xiang Liang Pan
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Risk Assessment Code ◽  
Bosten Lake ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Mn Oxide ◽  
Geochemical Phases ◽  
Medium Risk ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

The abundance and layered evolution vs. depth of dissolved and solid species of Mn, Fe, Cu and Pb were investigated both in extracted porewaters and in sedimentary solid materials. The chemical speciations between five geochemical phases (exchangeable fraction, carbonate fraction, Fe/Mn oxide fraction, organic fraction, and the residual) versus depth of the heavy metals (Mn, Fe, Cu and Pb) were gotten using five-step sequential extraction procedures. The concentration of metals in porewaters and of sedimentary solid phases was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Heavy metal concentrations do not have distinct patterns along the depth. In Bosten Lake, the total concentrations of Cu is relative plentiful. Sedimentary Mn, Fe, Cu and Pb are found mainly in the residual fraction (7096%). According to the Risk Assessment Code (RAC), these sediments are Mn at between low and medium risk, Fe at no risk, Cu and Pb at low risk.

scholarly journals Speciation, Fate and Transport, and Ecological Risks of Cu, Pb, and Zn in Tailings from Huogeqi Copper Mine, Inner Mongolia, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwei Chen ◽  
Jun Wu ◽  
Jian Lu ◽  
Chulin Xia ◽  
Michael A. Urynowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Fate And Transport ◽  
Ecological Risks ◽  
Risk Assessment Code ◽  
Neutralization Potential ◽  
Copper Mine ◽  
Acid Potential

Tailings collected from the tailing reservoir at Huogeqi Copper Mine, located in Inner Mongolia, China, were used in a leachate study to evaluate the acid potential, neutralization potential, and possibility for producing acid mine drainage (AMD) from the site. The speciation of Cu, Pb, and Zn contained in the tailings was also determined during the leachate study to further access the potential migration abilities of these metals. The results showed that the tailings did not produce significant AMD as the pH of the leachate ranged from 7 to 9 and decreased with time. The Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations were high, ranging from 439.1 to 4527 mg/kg in the tailings and from 0.162 to 7.964 mg/L in the leachate, respectively. Concentrations of metals in the leachate and tailings were positively correlated. Over 60% of the Cu in the tailing samples existed in an oxidizable form. Most of the Pb also existed in its oxidized form, as did the silicate and Zn. Metals usually have higher mobility in their exchangeable and oxidizable forms and as such represent a higher potential risk to the environment. Results of risk assessment code also revealed that metals in tailings exerted medium to high risks to the environment.

scholarly journals INTEGRATION OF GEOPHYSICAL METHODS IN THE STUDY OF ACID DRAINAGE IN URANIUM MINING WASTE

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Felipe Stanfoca Casagrande ◽  
César Augusto Moreira ◽  
Débora Andrade Targa ◽  
Heber Luiz Caponi Alberti
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Preferential Flow ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Sulfide Minerals ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Groundwater Flux ◽  
High Sulfur Concentration ◽  
Physical And Chemical

ABSTRACT. Among the potential environmental impacts in mining activities, acid mine drainage (AMD) is a relevant problem caused by reactive minerals, such as sulfides, due to their exposure to the surface conditions. This is the context of contamination of a waste pile (BF-04) at Osamu Utsumi mine, closed in 1995 after years of physical and chemical processing of the uranium ore and currently under decommissioning plan. This study is based on the application of the combined geophysical methods of Electrical Resistivity and Induced Polarization and the analysis of previous geochemical data, aiming the evaluation of zones related to the generation of AMD and groundwater flux into the waste pile BF-04, containing sulfide minerals and uranium. The association of high resistivity and high chargeability zones is related to disseminated sulfide minerals in rock with silica cement. Infiltration of meteoric water through those zones induces the oxidation of sulfides, high sulfur concentration in groundwater followed by a drop in pH values, which results in a higher leaching capacity and solubility of ions and heavy metals. In addition, high chargeability zones (higher than 10 mV=V) represent portions of generation of AMD, while the low resistivity anomalies (under 70W:m) are related to preferential flow zones of the contaminated groundwater.Keywords: minning, sulfides, uranium, electrical resistivity, chargeability.RESUMO. Dentre os potenciais impactos ambientais em mineração, a drenagem ácida de mina (DAM) é um problema grande onde ocorrem minerais instáveis como os sulfetos, outrora isolados em subsuperfície. É neste contexto de contaminação do meio físico que está inserido uma pilha de rejeitos (BF-04) pertencente à mina de urânio Osamu Utsumi, cujas atividades de mineração, processamento físico e processamento químico foram encerradas em 1995, seguidas pela etapa de descomissionamento até os dias atuais. Neste estudo foram aplicados os métodos geofísicos da Eletrorressitividade e Polarização Induzida combinados com dados geoquímicos prévios, com o intuito de avaliar zonas de geração e fluxo de drenagem ácida de mina na pilha de rejeitos de mineração BF-04 com sulfetos e urânio. A combinação de zonas de alta resistividade e alta cargabilidade revela sulfetos disseminados em rochas com cimento silicático. A infiltração de águas meteóricas nestes locais induz a oxidação de sulfetos, liberação de enxofre nas águas subterrâneas seguida pela queda no pH, que resulta num efluente com alta capacidade de lixiviação e solubilidade de sais e metais. Neste sentido, zonas de alta cargabilidade (acima de 10 V=V) representam locais de geração de drenagem ácida de mina, enquanto que zonas de baixa resistividade (abaixo de 70 W:m) revelam zonas preferenciais de fluxo do efluente.Palavras-chave: mineração, sulfetos, urânio, resistividade, cargabilidade.

scholarly journals Multi-Scale Geophysical Methodologies Applied to Image Archaeological Ruins at Various Depths in Highly Terraneous Sites

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2055
Author(s):  
Amin Ibrahim ◽  
Khaled S. Gemail ◽  
Kamal Abdelrahman ◽  
Naif Al-Otaibi ◽  
Elkhedr Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Electrode Spacing ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Magnetic Survey ◽  
Resistive Layer ◽  
Archaeological Prospection ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Joint Application ◽  
Realistic View

Among all geophysical techniques, electrical resistivity and magnetic surveying as an integrative approach has been used widely for archaeological prospection at different scales of investigations. In this study, DC resistivity (1D vertical sounding and/2D/3D ERT) and magnetic surveys (total and gradient) as a multi-scale approach was applied in a highly terraneous archaeological site (Tell) with a case study to characterize and image the various archaeological assets at different depths with different spatial resolutions. Four critical zones of great interest within the considered Tell were surveyed. At the heart of the study area, three layers were depicted clearly from 1D resistivity sounding. A thick conductive zone of mostly clay is sandwiched between two resistive layers. The topmost layer contains construction debris (dated back to the Islamic Era), whereas the deeper layer could be related to Gezira sand on which the probable Pharaonic temple was constructed. A long 2D ERT profile using Wenner Beta (WB) and Dipole–Dipole (DD) arrays with a 5-m electrode spacing identified shallow high resistivity anomalies that could be related to construction ruins from fired bricks. Additionally, it succeeded in imaging the turtleback-shaped deeper resistive layer of mostly sand. At an elevated rim to the east and west of the Tell, total and vertical magnetic gradient maps clearly delineated different archaeological structures: the walls of the rooms of ancient Islamic settlers and the walls of water tanks from the Byzantine Era. Magnetic modeling assuming 2.5-dimensional magnetic models constrained by the 2D ERT inversion models could be used to create a realistic representation of the buried structures. Toward the northern part of the Tell, the joint application of the quasi-3D ERT inversion scheme and the magnetic survey revealed an anomaly of a well-defined geometric shape of an archaeological interest thought to be a crypt or water cistern based on nearby archaeological evidence. The overall results of the geophysical survey integrated with the image of some partially excavated parts provided the archaeologists with a comprehensive and realistic view of the subsurface antiquities at the study area.

Current status of special planetary and lunar theories and ephemerides

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 266-267
Author(s):  
R. L. Duncombe
Keyword(s):  
Observational Data ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Numerical Errors

An examination of some specialized lunar and planetary ephemerides has revealed inconsistencies in the adopted planetary masses, the presence of non-gravitational terms, and some outright numerical errors. They should be considered of temporary usefulness only, subject to subsequent amendment as required for the interpretation of observational data.

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