scholarly journals Host-Adaptation of Rare Enterocytozoon bieneusi Genotype CHN4 in Coypu (Myocastor Coypus) in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuchang Yu ◽  
Yangwenna Cao ◽  
Haiyan Wang ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Aiyun Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Host Adaptation ◽  
Enterocytozoon Bieneusi ◽  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Myocastor Coypus ◽  
Gastrointestinal Pathogen ◽  
Dominant Genotype

Abstract Background: Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a zoonotic gastrointestinal pathogen and can infect both humans and animals. Coypus (Myocastor coypus) is a semi-aquatic rodent, in which few E. bieneusi infections have been reported. Methods: A total of 308 fresh fecal samples were collected from seven coypu farms in China to determine the infection status and the zoonotic potential of E. bieneusi from coypus using nested-PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region.Results: E. bieneusi was detected with an infection rate of 41.2% (n = 127). Four genotypes were identified, including CHN4 (n = 111), EbpC (n = 8) and EbpA (n = 7) and a novel genotype named CNCP1 (n = 1). Conclusions: The rare genotype CHN4 was the most dominant genotype in this study, and the transmission dynamics of E. bieneusi in coypus were different from other rodents. This is the first report of E. bieneusi infections in coypus in China. Our study reveals that E. bieneusi in coypus may be potentially transmissible from coypus to humans.

scholarly journals Host-adaptation of the rare Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotype CHN4 in Myocastor coypus (Rodentia: Echimyidae) in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuchang Yu ◽  
Yangwenna Cao ◽  
Haiyan Wang ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Aiyun Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Host Adaptation ◽  
Enterocytozoon Bieneusi ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Myocastor Coypus ◽  
Gastrointestinal Pathogen ◽  
Infection Source

Abstract Background: Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a zoonotic gastrointestinal pathogen and can infect both humans and animals. The coypu (Myocastor coypus) is a semi-aquatic rodent, in which few E. bieneusi infections have been reported and the distribution of genotypes and zoonotic potential remains unknown.Methods: A total of 308 fresh fecal samples were collected from seven coypu farms in China to determine the infection rate and the distribution of genotypes of E. bieneusi from coypus using nested-PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene.Results: Enterocytozoon bieneusi was detected with an infection rate of 41.2% (n = 127). Four genotypes were identified, including three known genotypes (CHN4 (n = 111), EbpC (n = 8) and EbpA (n = 7)) and a novel genotype named CNCP1 (n = 1). Conclusions: The rare genotype CHN4 was the most common genotype in the present study, and the transmission dynamics of E. bieneusi in coypus were different from other rodents. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of E. bieneusi infections in coypus in China. Our study reveals that E. bieneusi in coypus may be a potential infection source to humans.

scholarly journals Host-adaptation of the rare Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotype CHN4 in Myocastor coypus (Rodentia: Echimyidae) in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuchang Yu ◽  
Yangwenna Cao ◽  
Haiyan Wang ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Aiyun Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Host Adaptation ◽  
Enterocytozoon Bieneusi ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Myocastor Coypus ◽  
Gastrointestinal Pathogen ◽  
Infection Source

Abstract Background Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a zoonotic gastrointestinal pathogen and can infect both humans and animals. The coypu (Myocastor coypus) is a semi-aquatic rodent, in which few E. bieneusi infections have been reported and the distribution of genotypes and zoonotic potential remains unknown. Methods A total of 308 fresh fecal samples were collected from seven coypu farms in China to determine the infection rate and the distribution of genotypes of E. bieneusi from coypus using nested-PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene. Results Enterocytozoon bieneusi was detected with an infection rate of 41.2% (n = 127). Four genotypes were identified, including three known genotypes (CHN4 (n = 111), EbpC (n = 8) and EbpA (n = 7)) and a novel genotype named CNCP1 (n = 1). Conclusions The rare genotype CHN4 was the most common genotype in the present study, and the transmission dynamics of E. bieneusi in coypus were different from other rodents. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of E. bieneusi infections in coypus in China. Our study reveals that E. bieneusi in coypus may be a potential infection source to humans.

scholarly journals Host-adaptation of Rare Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotype CHN4 in Coypus (Myocastor coypus) in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuchang Yu ◽  
Yangwenna Cao ◽  
Haiyan Wang ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Aiyun Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Host Adaptation ◽  
Enterocytozoon Bieneusi ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Myocastor Coypus ◽  
Gastrointestinal Pathogen ◽  
Infection Source

Abstract Background: Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a zoonotic gastrointestinal pathogen and can infect both humans and animals. Coypus (Myocastor coypus) are semi-aquatic rodents, in which few E. bieneusi infections have been reported and the distribution of genotypes and zoonotic potential remains unknown.Methods: A total of 308 fresh fecal samples were collected from seven coypu farms in China to determine the infection rate and the distribution of genotypes of E. bieneusi from coypus using nested-PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene.Results: E. bieneusi was detected with an infection rate of 41.2% (n = 127). Four genotypes were identified, including three known genotypes: CHN4 (n = 111), EbpC (n = 8) and EbpA (n = 7) and a novel genotype named CNCP1 (n = 1). Conclusions: The rare genotype CHN4 was the most common one in the present study, and the transmission dynamics of E. bieneusi in coypus were different from other rodents. This is the first report of E. bieneusi infections in coypus in China. Our study reveals that E. bieneusi in coypus may be potential infection source to humans.

scholarly journals First report and multilocus genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from Tibetan pigs in southwestern China

Parasite ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Run Luo ◽  
Leiqiong Xiang ◽  
Haifeng Liu ◽  
Zhijun Zhong ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Enterocytozoon Bieneusi ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tibetan Pig ◽  
Tibetan Pigs ◽  
Intestinal Pathogen ◽  
Group 1

Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a common intestinal pathogen in a variety of animals. While E. bieneusi genotypes have become better-known, there are few reports on its prevalence in the Tibetan pig. This study investigated the prevalence, genetic diversity, and zoonotic potential of E. bieneusi in the Tibetan pig in southwestern China. Tibetan pig feces (266 samples) were collected from three sites in the southwest of China. Feces were subjected to PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. Enterocytozoon bieneusi was detected in 83 (31.2%) of Tibetan pigs from the three different sites, with 25.4% in Kangding, 56% in Yaan, and 26.7% in Qionglai. Prevalence varies according to age group, from 24.4% (age 0–1 years) to 44.4% (age 1–2 years). Four genotypes of E. bieneusi were identified: two known genotypes EbpC (n = 58), Henan-IV (n = 24) and two novel genotypes, SCT01 and SCT02 (one of each). We compare our results with a compilation of published results on the host range and geographical distribution of E. bieneusi genotypes in China. Phylogenetic analysis showed these four genotypes clustered to group 1 with zoonotic potential. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis of three microsatellites (MS1, MS3, MS7) and one minisatellite (MS4) was successful in 47, 48, 23 and 47 positive specimens and identified 10, 10, 5 and 5 genotypes at four loci, respectively. This study indicates the potential danger of E. bieneusi to Tibetan pigs in southwestern China, and offers basic advice for preventing and controlling infections.

scholarly journals First report and multilocus genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from Tibetan pigs in southwestern China

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Run Luo ◽  
Leiqiong Xiang ◽  
Haifeng Liu ◽  
Zhijun Zhong ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Enterocytozoon Bieneusi ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Tibetan Pig ◽  
Enteric Diseases ◽  
Tibetan Pigs ◽  
Intestinal Pathogen ◽  
Group 1

AbstractEnterocytozoon bieneusi is a common intestinal pathogen and a major cause of diarrhea and enteric diseases in a variety of animals. While the E. bieneusi genotype has become better-known, there are few reports on its prevalence in the Tibetan pig. This study investigated the prevalence, genetic diversity, and zoonotic potential of E. bieneusi in the Tibetan pig in southwestern China. Tibetan pig feces (266 samples) were collected from three sites in the southwest of China. Feces were subjected to PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. E. bieneusi was detected in 83 (31.2%) of Tibetan pigs from the three different sites, with 25.4% in Kangding, 56% in Yaan and 26.7% in Qionglai. Age group demonstrated the prevalence of E. bieneusi range from 24.4%(aged 0 to 1 years) to 44.4%(aged 1 to 2 years). Four genotypes of E. bieneusi were identified: two known genotypes EbpC (n=58), Henan-IV (n=24) and two novel genotypes, SCT01 and SCT02 (one of each). Phylogenetic analysis showed these four genotypes clustered to group 1 with zoonotic potential. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis three microsatellites (MS1, MS3, MS7) and one minisatellite (MS4) revealed 47, 48, 23 and 47 positive specimens were successfully sequenced, and identified ten, ten, five and five genotypes at four loci, respectively. This study indicates the potential danger of E. bieneusi to Tibetan pigs in southwestern China, and offers basic data for preventing and controlling infections.

Multilocus Typing of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Pig Reveals the High Prevalence, Zoonotic Potential, Host Adaptation and Geographical Segregation in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 707-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongfang Li ◽  
Shuangjian Zheng ◽  
Chunxiang Zhou ◽  
Md Robiul Karim ◽  
Luyang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Adaptation ◽  
Enterocytozoon Bieneusi ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Potential Host ◽  
High Prevalence

scholarly journals First detection of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus) in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuexin Wang ◽  
Kaihui Zhang ◽  
Yifan Zhang ◽  
Ke Wang ◽  
Azhar Gazizova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Enterocytozoon Bieneusi ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Health Significance ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Whooper Swan

Abstract Background Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a parasite that infects humans and a wide range of other animals. The large migratory waterfowl, the whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus), travels through many cities during its migration and can spread parasites. Despite receiving increasing attention worldwide, there have been no reports of E. bieneusi infection occurring in C. cygnus. Therefore, this study aims to assess the prevalence and genetic characteristics of E. bieneusi in C. cygnus in Sanmenxia, China. Methods Altogether, 467 fresh fecal samples were collected in the Swan Wetland Park in Sanmenxia, China. Genomic DNA was extracted from fresh fecal samples (n = 467) and E. bieneusi was identified by nested PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. ITS-positive sequences were aligned and phylogenetically analyzed to determine the genotypes of E. bieneusi. Results The overall prevalence of E. bieneusi in C. cygnus was 7.49% (35/467). Sequencing of the 35 positive samples revealed eight known genotypes (EbpA, EbpC, Henan-III, Henan-IV, BEB6, CD9, Peru6 and PtEb IX) and three novel genotypes (CSW1, CSW2 and CSW3). The phylogenetic tree constructed from the ITS sequences showed that seven genotypes (Peru6, EbpA, EbpC, Henan-III, CSW3, Henan-IV and CSW1) clustered within the zoonotic Group 1 while the remaining novel genotype CSW2 clustered within Group 5. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first report of E. bieneusi in C. cygnus. Of public health significance, our results suggest that migratory C. cygnus might play an important role in the water-borne transmission of E. bieneusi. Effective strategies will be necessary to control E. bieneusi infection in C. cygnus, other animals and humans.

scholarly journals Detection of Pythium ultimum Using Polymerase Chain Reaction with Species-Specific Primers

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 1155-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kageyama ◽  
A. Ohyama ◽  
M. Hyakumachi
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Pythium Ultimum ◽  
Pythium Species ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Species Specific

This study was conducted to sequence the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of Pythium ultimum and Pythium group HS, design species-specific primers for polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and detect P. ultimum from diseased seedlings using PCR. The sequence of the ITS region of P. ultimum was identical with that of Pythium group HS. The results support the reports that the HS group is an asexual strain of P. ultimum. Using PCR, the primer pair K1+K3, designed on portions of the sequence of the ITS region, amplified isolates of P. ultimum and the HS group but not isolates of 20 other Pythium species. DNA extracts from damped-off seedlings were not amplified, but a 10-fold dilution of the extracts with Tris-EDTA (TE) buffer diluted the inhibitors and allowed PCR amplification. The primer pair used detected P. ultimum from a single diseased seedling.

scholarly journals Molecular detection of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in Xinjiang, China

Parasite ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiyuan Zhang ◽  
Haiyan Wang ◽  
Aiyun Zhao ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Zilin Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Its Region ◽  
Enterocytozoon Bieneusi ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Intracellular Pathogen ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Vicugna Pacos ◽  
Obligate Intracellular Pathogen ◽  
Dominant Genotype ◽  
Group 1

Enterocytozoon bieneusi, an obligate intracellular pathogen, can infect a wide variety of hosts. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and molecular characteristics of E. bieneusi in alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in China. A total of 185 alpaca fecal samples were collected from five herds in Tacheng, Wensu, Hejing, Qinghe, and Nilka counties in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Enterocytozoon bieneusi was detected by nested PCR of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. Twenty-eight fecal samples (15.1%, 28/185) were positive for E. bieneusi, with the highest prevalence in alpacas from Qinghe (42.9%, 15/35). Four E. bieneusi genotypes were identified, which included two known (P and ALP3) and two novel (ALP7 and ALP8) genotypes. Genotype ALP3 was the dominant genotype (57.1%, 16/28), followed by genotypes P (32.1%, 9/28), ALP7 (7.1%, 2/28), and ALP8 (2.6%, 1/28). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that three genotypes (P, ALP7, and ALP3) clustered into group 1, whereas genotype ALP8 clustered into group 8. This is the first report of E. bieneusi infection and genetic diversity in alpacas from Xinjiang, China.

scholarly journals Genotyping and Zoonotic Potential of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Stray Dogs Sheltered from Shanghai, China

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3571
Author(s):  
Hua Liu ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
Yujuan Shen ◽  
Jianping Cao ◽  
Jianhai Yin
Keyword(s):  
Health Management ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Enterocytozoon Bieneusi ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Prevalent Species

Microsporidia are considered to be highly diverged and specialized parasites, and can infect a wide variety of vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most prevalent species in humans and various livestock, wildlife, and companion mammals. Dogs being the most popular companion animals of humans become more and more regarded. In this study, 272 fecal specimens were collected from stray dogs from Shanghai, but the dogs were adopted in a shelter in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China. E. bieneusi was examined by PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and sequence analysis. The total positive rate of E. bieneusi was 8.8% (24/272). Moreover, 8 genotypes were found, including three known (genotypes EbpA, Henan V and Type IV) and 5 novel genotypes (genotypes SHZJD1–5). Two samples were positive for two genotypes, one was positive fortype SHZJD4 and Henan V, the other was positive for Henan V and Type IV. In addition, phylogenetic analysis showed all genotypes obtained in this study were all clustered into the zoonotic group 1. Therefore, the risk of zoonotic transmission of pathogens such as E. bieneusi from stray dogs to humans potentially threaten human health, and it is time to strengthen their health management.

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