scholarly journals Interaction Between Genetic Variants and Serum Levels of Organochlorine Pesticides Contributes to Parkinson’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoqing Xu ◽  
Xiaodong Yang ◽  
Yiwei Qian ◽  
Dayong Wan ◽  
Fenghua Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background: There is evidence that genetic and environmental factors contribute to the onset and progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Pesticides are a class of environmental toxins that are linked to increased risk of PD. However, few studies have investigated the interaction between specific pesticides and genetic variants related to PD in the Chinese population.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 19 serum levels of pesticides were measured. In addition, we also analyzed the interaction between specific pesticides and candidate genetic variants for PD. Finally, we investigated the mechanistic basis for the association between pesticides and increased risk of PD.Results: Serum levels of organochlorine pesticides including α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH), β-HCH, γ-HCH, δ-HCH, propanil, heptachlor, dieldrin, hexachlorobenzene, p,p’-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p’-DDE) and o,p’-dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (o,p’-DDT) were higher in PD patients than in controls. α-HCH and propanil levels were associated with increased PD risk. Serum levels of dieldrin were associated with Hamilton Depression Scale and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores in PD patients. The interaction between rs11931074 in α-synuclein (SNCA) and α-HCH or β-HCH, respectively, as well as rs16940758 in the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) gene and δ-HCH were related to increased risk of PD. In addition, α-HCH and propanil enhanced the production of reactive oxygen species and decreased of mitochondrial membrane potential. Propanil but not α-HCH induced the aggregation of α-synuclein.Conclusions: Elevated serum levels of α-HCH and propanil are associated with increased risk of PD. Serum levels of dieldrin were associated with depression and cognitive function in PD patients. The interaction between genetic variants and pesticides also increased the risk of PD. Effects of genetic variants and pesticides on the risk of PD should be studied in more detail with a larger sample size to further understand the mechanisms involved.

scholarly journals Analysis of serum levels of organochlorine pesticides and related factors in Parkinson’s disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoqing Xu ◽  
Xiaodong Yang ◽  
Yiwei Qian ◽  
Dayong Wan ◽  
Fenghua Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background: There is evidence that genetic and environmental factors contribute to the onset and progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Pesticides are a class of environmental toxins that are linked to increased risk of PD. However, few studies have investigated the interaction between specific pesticides and genetic variants related to PD in the Chinese population.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 19 serum levels of pesticides were measured. In addition, we also analyzed the interaction between specific pesticides and candidate genetic variants for PD. Finally, we investigated the mechanistic basis for the association between pesticides and increased risk of PD.Results: Serum levels of organochlorine pesticides including α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH), β-HCH, γ-HCH, δ-HCH, propanil, heptachlor, dieldrin, hexachlorobenzene, p,p’-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p’-DDE) and o,p’-dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (o,p’-DDT) were higher in PD patients than in controls. α-HCH and propanil levels were associated with increased PD risk. Serum levels of dieldrin were associated with Hamilton Depression Scale and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores in PD patients. Interactions between high pesticide levels and polymorphisms in rs11931074 and rs16940758 (α-HCH or β-HCH interacted with TT genotype in rs11931074 and δ-HCH interacted with TT genotype in rs16940758) were associated with the risk of PD. In cell model, α-HCH and propanil increased the level of reactive oxygen species and decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential. Propanil but not α-HCH induced the aggregation of α-synuclein.Conclusions: Elevated serum levels of α-HCH and propanil are associated with increased risk of PD. Serum levels of dieldrin were associated with depression and cognitive function in PD patients. The interaction between genetic variants and pesticides also increased the risk of PD. Effects of genetic variants and pesticides on the risk of PD should be studied in more detail with a larger sample size to further understand the mechanisms involved.

scholarly journals Analysis of serum levels of organochlorine pesticides and related factors in Parkinson’s disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoqing Xu ◽  
Xiaodong Yang ◽  
Yiwei Qian ◽  
Dayong Wan ◽  
Fenghua Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background: There is evidence that genetic and environmental factors contribute to the onset and progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Pesticides are a class of environmental toxins that are linked to increased risk of PD. However, few studies have investigated the interaction between specific pesticides and genetic variants related to PD in the Chinese population.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 19 serum levels of pesticides were measured. In addition, we also analyzed the interaction between specific pesticides and candidate genetic variants for PD. Finally, we investigated the mechanistic basis for the association between pesticides and increased risk of PD.Results: Serum levels of organochlorine pesticides including α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH), β-HCH, γ-HCH, δ-HCH, propanil, heptachlor, dieldrin, hexachlorobenzene, p,p’-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p’-DDE) and o,p’-dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (o,p’-DDT) were higher in PD patients than in controls. α-HCH and propanil levels were associated with increased PD risk. Serum levels of dieldrin were associated with Hamilton Depression Scale and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores in PD patients. Interactions between high pesticide levels and polymorphisms in rs11931074 and rs16940758 (α-HCH or β-HCH interacted with TT genotype in rs11931074 and δ-HCH interacted with TT genotype in rs16940758) were associated with the risk of PD. In cell model, α-HCH and propanil increased the level of reactive oxygen species and decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential. Propanil but not α-HCH induced the aggregation of α-synuclein.Conclusions: Elevated serum levels of α-HCH and propanil are associated with increased risk of PD. Serum levels of dieldrin were associated with depression and cognitive function in PD patients. The interaction between genetic variants and pesticides also increased the risk of PD. Effects of genetic variants and pesticides on the risk of PD should be studied in more detail with a larger sample size to further understand the mechanisms involved.

scholarly journals Probable RBD Associates with the Development of RLS in Parkinson’s Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yewei Qu ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Dongfang Shen ◽  
Wangzikang Zhang ◽  
Mingsha Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sleep Behavior

Objectives. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of restless leg syndrome (RLS) and exploring the contributing factors that affect the development of RLS in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted consisting of 178 consecutive PD patients from our hospital between October 2015 and August 2016. We divided the participants into two groups, which were PD with RLS and PD with non-RLS. Then, we recorded their demographics and clinical data to draw a comparison between PD with RLS and PD with non-RLS. Results. 23 (12.92%) were diagnosed with RLS among all the enrolled PD patients. Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale III (UPDRS III) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) scores, probable rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (PRBD), and daily levodopa equivalent dose (LED) in the PD with the RLS group were significantly different from those in the PD with the non-RLS group. Daily LED and the scores of UPDRS III and HAMD in PD patients with RLS were all higher than those in PD patients with non-RLS. PRBD, daily LED, and HAMD scores were significantly independent factors contributing to the development of RLS (OR=4.678, 95% CI 1.372~15.944, P=0.014; OR=1.003, 95% CI 1.001~1.005, P=0.019; OR=1.094, 95% CI 1.002~1.193, P=0.045). The severity of RLS was positively correlated with the duration of PD and daily LED (r=0.438, P=0.036; r=0.637, P=0.001). Conclusion. PRBD existence, daily LED, and HAMD scores are independent factors for developing RLS in PD patients. PRBD existence is firstly proposed as an independent factor in developing RLS among PD patients. RLS severity in PD patients are positively associated with the duration of PD and daily LED.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Pain between Parkinson’s Disease and Multiple System Atrophy: A Clinical Cross-Sectional Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
He-Yang You ◽  
Lei Wu ◽  
Hai-Ting Yang ◽  
Chen Yang ◽  
Xiao-Ling Ding
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Multiple System Atrophy ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disease Rating ◽  
Vas Scores

Background. Pain is frequent in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Parkinson-plus syndrome. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, characteristics, therapy (especially the effect of dopaminergic therapy), and associated symptoms of pain in Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy (MSA) patients. Methods. Seventy-one PD patients, sixty-five MSA patients, and forty age-matched healthy controls were enrolled and evaluated by using the German pain questionnaire and visual analogue scale (VAS). In addition, the influence of pain in PD patients on anxiety, depression, and the quality of life was assessed with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39). Results. Compared to that of the healthy controls, the PD and MSA patients had a significantly higher presence of pain (P<0.01, P<0.01). PD patients had a higher presence of pain than MSA patients (P=0.007). No difference in VAS scores was observed between the PD and MSA patients (P=0.148). A total of 21 PD patients (42.85%) with pain and 13 MSA patients (43.33%) with pain received treatment. A total of 13 PD patients with pain and 6 MSA patients with pain had an improved pain intensity after using dopaminergic medication. The differences in the disease duration, Hoehn and Yahr stages, and scores on the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale motor score, HAD-D, HAD-A, and PDQ-39 were significant between the PD patients with and without pain. Conclusion. PD and MSA patients are prone to pain with insufficient treatment. Pain interventions should be provided as soon as possible to improve the patient’s life.

scholarly journals Depression in Parkinson's disease: study of 60 cases

2005 ◽  
Vol 63 (3b) ◽  
pp. 766-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto César Pereira do Prado ◽  
Egberto Reis Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Relationship Of

Depression is very frequent in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and largely unrecognized by neurologists, emphasizing the need of an approach to psychiatric symptoms by non psychiatrists in order to ensure an early diagnosis of depression in PD; clinical characteristics and the prevalence rate of depression in PD were evaluated and the relationship of depression in PD with other variables were determined. Sixty PD subjects, who fulfilled the clinical criteria for primary PD, 56,6% males, age range from 44 to 85 years old, in different stages of the disease were investigated. All subjects were submitted to the UPDRS-III, V and VI, Clinical Interview Schedule and the Hamilton depression scale. A significant correlation was found between depression and UPDRS-III, V and VI, anxiety and irritability. The frequency of depression in PD in this study was nearly 40% possessing specific features. Structured interviews and evaluation scales are essential for an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment of depression in PD.

scholarly journals The “Gender Factor” in Wearing-Off among Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Post Hoc Analysis of DEEP Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delia Colombo ◽  
Giovanni Abbruzzese ◽  
Angelo Antonini ◽  
Paolo Barone ◽  
Gilberto Bellia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Wearing Off ◽  
Gender Factor ◽  
Post Hoc

Background. The early detection of wearing-off in Parkinson disease (DEEP) observational study demonstrated that women with Parkinson’s disease (PD) carry an increased risk (80.1%) for wearing-off (WO). This post hoc analysis of DEEP study evaluates gender differences on WO and associated phenomena.Methods. Patients on dopaminergic treatment for ≥1 year were included in this multicenter observational cross-sectional study. In a single visit, WO was diagnosed based on neurologist assessment as well as the use of the 19-item wearing-off questionnaire (WOQ-19); WO was defined for scores ≥2. Post hoc analyses were conducted to investigate gender difference for demographic and clinical features with respect to WO.Results. Of 617 patients enrolled, 236 were women and 381 were men. Prevalence of WO was higher among women, according to both neurologists’ judgment (61.9% versus 53.8%,P=0.045) and the WOQ-19 analysis (72.5% versus 64.0%,P=0.034). In patients with WO (WOQ-19), women experienced ≥1 motor symptom in 72.5% versus 64.0% in men and ≥1 nonmotor symptom in 44.5% versus 36.7%, in men.Conclusions. Our results suggest WO as more common among women, for both motor and nonmotor symptoms. Prospective studies are warranted to investigate this potential gender-effect.

scholarly journals Late onset depression: dopaminergic deficit and clinical features of prodromal Parkinson’s disease: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
pp. jnnp-2020-324266
Author(s):  
Hiba Kazmi ◽  
Zuzana Walker ◽  
Jan Booij ◽  
Faraan Khan ◽  
Sachit Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Screening Questionnaire ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Increased Risk

BackgroundLate onset depression (LOD) may precede the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) or dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). We aimed to determine the rate of clinical and imaging features associated with prodromal PD/DLB in patients with LOD.MethodsIn a cross-sectional design, 36 patients with first onset of a depressive disorder (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV criteria) diagnosed after the age of 55 (LOD group) and 30 healthy controls (HC) underwent a detailed clinical assessment. In addition, 28/36 patients with LOD and 20/30 HC underwent a head MRI and 29/36 and 25/30, respectively, had dopamine transporter imaging by 123I-ioflupane single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging. Image analysis of both scans was performed by a rater blind to the participant group. Results of clinical assessments and imaging results were compared between the two groups.ResultsPatients with LOD (n=36) had significantly worse scores than HC (n=30) on the PD screening questionnaire (mean (SD) 1.8 (1.9) vs 0.8 (1.2); p=0.01), Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale total (mean (SD) 19.2 (12.7) vs 6.1 (5.7); p<0.001), REM-sleep behaviour disorder screening questionnaire (mean (SD) 4.3 (3.2) vs 2.1 (2.1); p=0.001), Lille Apathy Rating Scale (mean (SD) −23.3 (9.6) vs −27.0 (4.7); p=0.04) and the Scales for Outcomes in PD-Autonomic (mean (SD) 14.9 (8.7) vs 7.7 (4.9); p<0.001). Twenty-four per cent of patients with LOD versus 4% HC had an abnormal 123I-ioflupane SPECT scan (p=0.04).ConclusionsLOD is associated with increased rates of motor and non-motor features of PD/DLB and of abnormal 123I-ioflupane SPECTs. These results suggest that patients with LOD should be considered at increased risk of PD/DLB.

THUR 116 Vascular prevention in patients with parkinson’s disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. A12.3-A12
Author(s):  
Kempe Isla ◽  
Grosset Katherine A ◽  
Grosset Donald G
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Statin Therapy ◽  
Statin Treatment ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cognitive Problems

BackgroundVascular prevention is appropriate for patients with a vascular history (secondary prevention) and increased risk (primary prevention). Cerebrovascular disease adds to gait and cognitive problems in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD).MethodsA convenience cross-sectional sample of consecutive PD patients attending the Neurology Movement Disorder clinic was assessed, and QRISK3 scored when appropriate (cases without vascular events, age <85 years).ResultsOf 100 cases, mean age 66.5 (SD 9.0) years, 52.0% male, with PD duration 8.3 (SD 5.5) years, 15 had a vascular history meriting statin therapy, of whom 12 (80.0%) were prescribed statins. 22 had a high vascular risk (QRISK3 >20%), mean QRISK3 28.6 (SD 7.7) of whom 2 (9.1%) were prescribed statins. We are now actively assessing QRISK3 and recommending statin therapy where appropriate.ConclusionsSecondary vascular prevention with statins is more commonly implemented than primary prevention, in patients with PD. In patients without a vascular diagnosis, vascular risk should be assessed and statin therapy offered where appropriate, noting that around one-fifth of patients have a high vascular risk and are not on statin treatment.

scholarly journals Aberrant Changes in Cortical Complexity in Right-Onset Versus Left-Onset Parkinson’s Disease in Early-Stage

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Qin Shen ◽  
Haiyan Liao ◽  
Junli Li ◽  
Tianyu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Peak Level ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Hamilton Depression Scale ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sulcal Depth

There is increasing evidence to show that motor symptom lateralization in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is linked to non-motor features, progression, and prognosis of the disease. However, few studies have reported the difference in cortical complexity between patients with left-onset of PD (LPD) and right-onset of PD (RPD). This study aimed to investigate the differences in the cortical complexity between early-stage LPD and RPD. High-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance images of the brain were acquired in 24 patients with LPD, 34 patients with RPD, and 37 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). Cortical complexity including gyrification index, fractal dimension (FD), and sulcal depth was analyzed using surface-based morphometry via CAT12/SPM12. Familywise error (FWE) peak-level correction at p &lt; 0.05 was performed for significance testing. In patients with RPD, we found decreased mean FD and mean sulcal depth in the banks of the left superior temporal sulcus (STS) compared with LPD and HCs. The mean FD in the left superior temporal gyrus (STG) was decreased in RPD compared with HCs. However, in patients with LPD, we did not identify significantly abnormal cortical complex change compared with HCs. Moreover, we observed that the mean FD in STG was negatively correlated with the 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) among the three groups. Our findings support the specific influence of asymmetrical motor symptoms in cortical complexity in early-stage PD and reveal that the banks of left STS and left STG might play a crucial role in RPD.

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