Diversity and structure of the rhizosphere microbial communities of wild and cultivated ginseng
Abstract Background Different plant species, even different plant varieties, will promote different combinations of microbial communities related to them. Here, the objective was to explore the differences in the rhizosphere microbial communities in the wild ginseng, farmland cultivated ginseng and understory wild ginseng. The rhizosphere soil was obtained from three type of ginsengs, namely wild ginseng (WDG), farmland cultivated ginseng (CDG) and understory wild ginseng (LXG) (all ginsengs grown in the field). The 16S rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region were analyzed to investigate the diversity and structure of the microbial community. Result We found the fungal communities were more influenced bacterial communities. There were differences in the microbial community composition under three types of ginsengs. Moreover, higher bacterial diversity and lower fungal diversity in CDG compared with WDG. Changes in rhizosphere microbial community composition and diversity of WDG and CDG may be caused by domestication. Furthermore, the relative abundance of potential phytopathogens, Chloroflexi, Fusarium and Alternaria were higher in CDG compared to WDG and LXG. This may be related to the fact that cultivated ginseng has a short life cycle and is susceptible to disease. Conclusion We found differences in the rhizosphere microbial community of the three types of ginsengs, and the abundance of pathogenic microorganisms is significantly different. This result provided insights into the underlying mechanisms of ginseng planting and disease resistance.