scholarly journals Socioeconomic Inequalities in Staff Physical Activity: Evidence from the SHAHWAR Cohort Study in Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Khoramrooz ◽  
Fariba Zare ◽  
Farideh Sadeghian ◽  
Ali Dadgari ◽  
Reza Chaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Negative Contribution ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Related Inequality ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background: This study was aimed to investigate socioeconomic-related inequality in physical activity (PA) among Staff of Medical Sciences University in Shahroud, Iran.Methods: Data were extracted from the first phase of the SHAHWAR cohort study. The Concentration index (CI) and Wagstaff decomposition method were applied to determine socioeconomic-related inequality in PPA and its contributors, respectively.Results: CIs of poor total PA (PTPA) and poor work-related PA (PWRPA) were 0.092 and 0.141, indicating their more concentration among staff of higher socioeconomic groups. Furthermore, the negative CI of poor leisure-time PA (PLTPA) (-0.191) suggests that it disfavors staff from lower socioeconomic groups. While PWRPA, Subjective social status (SSS), socioeconomic status (SES), and gender were positively contributed to the measured inequality in PTPA (65.3%, 37.9%, 18.6%, and 16.6%, respectively), residence in urban areas and PLTPA have negative contributions (64% and 27%, respectively). Similarly, SES, marital status, and residence in urban areas positively contributed to the inequality of PLTPA by 53.4%, 36.2%, and 23.5% respectively. Whereas, gender had the most negative contribution by 28.7%. Residence in urban areas, SES, SSS, and shift work were all positively contributed to the measured inequality in PWRPA (its more concentration among staff from high SES groups) by 28.4%, 20%, 15.2%, and 12.7%, respectively, while the opposite is true for gender by the contribution of 13.3%.Conclusions: Different patterns of PPA inequality revealed that health promotion programs should aim to educate and support higher SES staff to increase their PA in workplace, leisure time, and transportation, and lower SES staff to increase their leisure-time PA.

scholarly journals Clearing your mind of work-related stress through moderate-to-vigorous and leisure-time physical activity: What "dose" it takes?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Lachance ◽  
Marc Corbiere ◽  
Gabriel Hains-Monfette ◽  
Paquito Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related Stress ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Related Stress

Background. Work is reported as one of the main sources of psychological stress. Because of its role in the onset of burnout and impact on economic and health systems, work-related stress (WS) has become an issue of much concern. Among modifiable factors capable of reducing WS, two categories of physical activity (PA), namely leisure-time and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (LTPA and MVPA), show promising evidence. Previous findings suggest that LTPA and MVPA allow adults to experience psychological detachment from job demands and restore their depleted resources at work. However, the optimal independent doses of LTPA and MVPA associated with a lower WS level has not yet been established. Methods. The aim of this study was therefore to address this gap using a cross-sectional, nationally representative sample of 4 200 Canadian workers. MVPA was measured through accelerometry and a self-reported assessment was conducted to collect data on WS and LTPA. Results. Generalized additive models indicated that one hour a day on average spent doing a LTPA of 8.5 METs-hour was associated with the highest benefits on WS (p < 0.001, Adjusted R2 = 0.04) while the optimal average daily dose of MVPA was around 90 minutes (p < 0.001, Adjusted R2 = 0.04). Noteworthy, first signs of WS reduction appear long before optimum is reached (e.g. 30 minutes of MVPA), stressing the relevance of merely doing an LTPA/MVPA regardless of the dose. Conclusion. Findings offer practical recommendations for public health policies on the optimal doses of MVPA/LTPA associated with decreased WS.

scholarly journals Paper-Based Versus Web-Based Versions of Self-Administered Questionnaires, Including Food-Frequency Questionnaires: Prospective Cohort Study

10.2196/11997 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. e11997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itziar Zazpe ◽  
Susana Santiago ◽  
Carmen De la Fuente-Arrillaga ◽  
Jorge M Nuñez-Córdoba ◽  
Maira Bes-Rastrollo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
The Web

Background Web-based questionnaires allow collecting data quickly, with minimal costs from large sample groups and through Web-based self-administered forms. Until recently, there has been a lack of evidence from large-scale epidemiological studies and nutrition surveys that have evaluated the comparison between traditional and new technologies to measure dietary intake. Objective This study aimed to compare results from the general baseline questionnaire (Q_0) and the 10-year follow-up questionnaire (Q_10) in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) prospective cohort, obtained from different subjects, some of whom used a paper-based version, and others used a Web-based version. Both baseline and 10-year assessments included a validated 136-item semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ), used to collect dietary intake. Methods The SUN project is a prospective cohort study (with continuous open recruitment and many participants who were recently recruited). All participants were university graduates. Participants who completed the validated FFQ at baseline (FFQ_0, n=22,564) were selected. The variables analyzed were classified into 6 groups of questions: (1) FFQ (136 items), (2) healthy eating attitudes (10 items), (3) alcohol consumption (3 items), (4) physical activity during leisure time (17 items), (5) other activities (24 items), and (6) personality traits (3 items). Multiple linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the adjusted differences between the mean number of missing values and the risk of having apparently incorrect values for FFQ items or mismatches and inconsistencies in dietary variables. Results Only 1.5% (339/22564) and 60.71% (6765/11144) participants reported their information using the Web-based version for Q_0 and Q_10, respectively, and 51.40 % (11598/22564) and 100.00% (11144/11144) of participants who completed the Q_0 and Q_10, respectively, had the option of choosing the Web-based version. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, health characteristics, food consumption, and energy and nutrient intakes were similar among participants, according to the type of questionnaire used in Q_10. Less than 0.5% of values were missing for items related to healthy eating attitudes, alcohol consumption, and personality traits in the Web-based questionnaires. The proportion of missing data in FFQ, leisure time physical activity, and other activities was higher in paper-based questionnaires than Web-based questionnaires. In Web-based questionnaires, a high degree of internal consistency was found when comparing answers that should not be contradictory, such as the frequency of fruit as dessert versus total fruit consumption and the frequency of fried food consumptions versus oil consumption. Conclusions Incorporating a Web-based version for a baseline and 10-year questionnaire has not implicated a loss of data quality in this cohort of highly educated adults. Younger participants showed greater preference for Web-based questionnaires. Web-based questionnaires were filled out to a greater extent and with less missing items than paper-based questionnaires. Further research is needed to optimize data collection and response rate in Web-based questionnaires.

Associations between participation in, intensity of, and time spent on leisure time physical activity and risk of inflammatory bowel disease among older adults (PA-IBD): A prospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Fogh Rasmussen ◽  
Bodil Hammer Bech ◽  
Katrine Hass Rubin ◽  
Vibeke Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
The Third ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Do It Yourself ◽  
Dose Response Effect

Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are diseases of the immune system that share some genetic and lifestyle-related predisposing factors. Increasing incidences have been reported in all age groups. Based on experimental studies suggesting a role of physical activity on intestinal inflammation, this study aimed to investigate the association between leisure time physical activity and the risk of IBD in older adults. Methods The study is a prospective cohort study using Danish registry data and questionnaire data from the Danish “Diet, Cancer and Health” cohort. The outcome IBD was defined as having at least two diagnoses of Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis registered in the National Patient Registry during follow-up between December 1993 and May 1997 until December 2018. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios for IBD onset associated with being physically active and with levels of the metabolic equivalent of task (MET) hours/week of physical activity and hours/week spent on six types of physical activity. Results In total, 54 645 men and women aged 50-64 years were included, and thereof 529 cases. When comparing physically active with inactive participants measured by MET hours/week there was no statistically significant difference in risk of IBD (0.89 [0.13; 6.27]), neither when measured as participation in six types of activities. Results did not indicate any dose-response effect when comparing quartile groups of MET hours/week or of five of the six types of activities. For do-it-yourself-work, the third quartile of hours/week was associated with a higher risk of IBD compared to the second quartile (HR=1.44 [1.10 ; 1.90]. No effect modification was found. Conclusions There was no association between physical activity and risk of IBD when comparing physically active with inactive participants. Neither did the results indicate any dose-response effect when comparing quartile groups of MET hours/week. Do-it-yourself work, however, seemed to be associated with a higher risk of IBD when comparing the third quartile with the second quartile. The study has clinical relevance by its contribution to the explanatory field of the causes of IBD. However, further research is needed to clarify associations between physical activity and risk of IBD.

scholarly journals Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Cancer Risk Among Older Adults: A Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gali Cohen ◽  
David M. Steinberg ◽  
Lital Keinan-Boker ◽  
Or Shaked ◽  
Abigail Goshen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity
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