scholarly journals Radon Concentration in Water and Health Threat to Region of Balakot-Bagh (B-B) Fault Line, Lesser Himalayas, North Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fayaz Khan ◽  
Salman khattak ◽  
zafar wazir ◽  
Zaheen Ullah ◽  
Ikhtisham Mehmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Alpha Spectroscopy ◽  
Fault Line ◽  
The People ◽  
Lesser Himalayas ◽  
North Pakistan ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The current study was carried out near and surrounding fault line areas of Balakot-Bagh (B-B). The study aimed to find radon concentration levels in drinking water sources near and away from the fault line. The comparison was carried out for the radon level in those samples taken from the area near with those taken away from the fault line. Also, to evaluate health hazard from these drinking water to the people of the area. This area had received an earthquake of magnitude 7.6 in 2005. An active technique, RAD-7, based on alpha spectroscopy was used. The study period for the current study was three months, from 16th May to 15th August 2020. Radon concentrations were found higher in bore water with the mean value of 20.6 BqL− 1. These were 19.5 BqL− 1 and 9.3 BqL− 1 in spring and surface water, respectively. The mean value in all type of sources in the study area was 16.5 BqL− 1 which is higher than the maximum contaminated level of 11.1 BqL− 1 recommended by the U.S. The calculated doses from the radon levels were 0.0532 mSv, 0.0562 mSv and 0.0254 mSv and 0.0449 mSv, respectively.

scholarly journals Isotopic and Elemental Determination in Some Romanian Apple Fruit Juices

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Alina Magdas ◽  
Adriana Dehelean ◽  
Romulus Puscas
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Heavy Elements ◽  
Stable Isotope Ratios ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Ni Content ◽  
Elemental Determination ◽  
Us Epa ◽  
The Mean

H, C, O stable isotope ratios and the content of some heavy elements of 31 Romanian single-strength organic apple juices collected from four Transylvanian areas are discussed in this study. The aim of this study was to measure the2H/1H,18O/16O,13C/12C ratios of these juices and their elemental profile and to establish a database of authentic values to be used for adulteration and authenticity testing. Our results have shown mean values ofδ18O=-4.2‰andδDδ-46.5‰, respectively, for apples from Transylvania and at the same time the mean value ofδ13C=-28.2‰. The content of Cd, Pb, U, Zn, As was below the acceptable limits stipulated in US-EPA standard for drinking water. Cu and Cr limits exceeded for one single juice; Ni content for some apple juices from Maramures, Alba, and Cluj was higher than the acceptable value.

RADON CONCENTRATION IN SOIL AND GROUNDWATER OF WEST COASTAL AREA, BANGLADESH

2020 ◽  
Vol 191 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-348
Author(s):  
Farah Deeba ◽  
Syed Hafizur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Zafrul Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Natural Background ◽  
Safe Limit ◽  
Radon Monitor ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
The Mean

Abstract On-site radon concentration has been measured in soil gas and ground water using AlphaGUARD PQ2000 PRO (Saphymo, Germany) radon monitor at the west coastal area of Bangladesh. The measured radon concentration in ground water samples is in the range of 1.41 ± 0.29 to 3.2 ± 0.59 Bq/l with the mean value of 2.33 ± 0.50 Bq/l, which lies within the safe limit recommended by UNSCEAR (2008). The total annual effective dose estimated due to radon concentration in ground water ranges from 3.85 to 8.74 μSv/y with the mean value of 6.37 μSv/y, which is lower than the safe limit set by WHO (2004) and EU (1998). In soil samples, radon concentration has been measured at three different depths (0, 20 and 40 cm) in each location. The highest and the lowest concentrations are 4790 ± 51 and 10 ± 04 Bq/m3 at 40 and 0 cm (surface) depth, respectively, which lie within the natural background levels.

Measurement of uranium and radon concentration in drinking water samples and assessment of ingestion dose to local population in Jalandhar district of Punjab, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 611-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Kumar ◽  
Anjali Kaushal ◽  
B. K. Sahoo ◽  
Amit Sarin ◽  
Rohit Mehra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Uranium Concentration ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Ingestion Dose ◽  
Minimum Value ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

A study was conducted to assess the concentration of uranium and dissolved radon in drinking water samples collected from Jalandhar district of Punjab, India. The samples were analysed for dissolved radon using scintillation cell method. Laser fluorimetry was used for measurement of uranium concentration. Correlation analysis of radon and uranium concentrations and salinity and total dissolved solids with uranium was carried out. The uranium concentration in water samples varied from a minimum value of 1.53 ± 0.06 mg m−3 to 50.2 ± 0.08 mg m−3 with a geometric mean value of 14.85 mg m−3. The radon concentration in water varied from a minimum value of 0.34 ± 0.07 kBq m−3 to a maximum value of 3.84 ± 0.48 kBq m−3 with a geometric mean value of 1.46 kBq m−3. Ingestion dose to local population, due to radon and uranium in drinking water, for different age categories, was computed and results are being reported in this paper.

The impact of low-flow season on source drinking water quality, Rosetta branch, Egypt

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ghodeif ◽  
R. Wahaab ◽  
S. Sorour
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

The present work was conducted to document the problems raised regarding low-flow in the Rosetta branch, Egypt and to develop management options to protect drinking water sources. The water quality was monitored during low-flow periods at four drinking water intakes. Results showed an increase in electric conductivity (EC), ammonium (NH4), nitrite (NO2), phosphate (PO4), and total organic carbon (TOC) during the low-flow period. EC ranges from 454 to 1,062 μS/cm and the mean value is 744. Ammonium ranges from 0.38 to 18.5 mg/L and the mean value is 5.45. NO2, PO4, and TOC have mean values of 0.73, 1.85, and 6.71 mg/L, respectively. Statistical evaluation revealed the association of NH4, EC, and PO4 that are good indicators for the load of wastewater. High ammonium often refers to a bad situation regarding oxygen while high nitrite indicates the first oxidation for wastewater through microbiological processes. The low-flow action has a serious impact on drinking water source. A high content of ammonium has delayed coagulation, enhanced algae growth, and prevented the breakpoint being reached during chlorination processes. Potential management options to deal with water scarcity and low-flow, meanwhile reducing the contaminant load in the source drinking water were proposed.

scholarly journals Assessment of environmental gamma dose in northern Rechna Doab in Pakistan

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Jabbar ◽  
Arshad Bhatti ◽  
Syed Ahmad ◽  
Waheed Arshed ◽  
Perveen Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Health Hazard ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Environmental Radiation ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Dosimetry System ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Radiological Health ◽  
Radioactivity Levels

Environmental gamma radiation levels in northern Rechna Doab, Pakistan, were measured as a part of systematic study aimed at the establishment of the background data base of radiation and radioactivity levels. The measurements reported in this paper were made with portable radiation monitor which employed GM tube and was calibrated against secondary standard dosimetry system. The average absorbed dose rate in air was determined to vary from 86.0 nGy/h to 139.1 nGy/h with the mean value of 109.1 nGy/h. The annual effective dose remained within the range of 105.47 mSv to 170.54 mSv with its average value of 133.73 mSv. These environmental radiation doses in the area were comparable with those reported for other countries. It was concluded that the prevalent radiation levels did not pose any significant radiological health hazard to the population.

Problems of Radon Screening in the Upper Layer of the Soil

1994 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 235-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schütz ◽  
G.W. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Alpha Spectroscopy ◽  
German Population ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
Simple Measurement ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Radon Potential ◽  
Radon Concentrations

Abstract Soil is known to be the main source of high radon concentrations indoors which contribute about half of the mean natural annual radiation exposure of the German population. It is an aim of precautionary radiation protection to collect information about regions with elevated radon concentrations. To screen the radon potential of the regions of interest, a simple measurement of radon at the surface is desirable. However, the upper layer of the soil is mostly influenced by metrological factors such as solar heating and rainfall, e.g. in the upper layer of the soil, as a consequence of a sudden rainfall, there occur short-term increases in the radon concentration by a factor of 3 and more. Conversely, a slow and long-term increase of the water content of the soil may reduce the diffusion coefficient of radon by several orders of magnitude. The daily heating of the atmosphere results in an enhanced gas exchange between the upper layer of porous and dry soils and the air above. Consequently, variations of the radon concentration by a factor of 5 arise according to the intensity of the heating and the porosity of the soil. Test measurements on radon rich soils show both diurnal and seasonal variations of the radon concentration in the upper layers. This result excludes the use of radon measuring devices with integration times less than one day for the radon screening of any area. A combination of alpha spectroscopy and solid-state nuclear track detectors is suggested to scan the radon potential of a soil. This method is neither expensive in equipment, time or costs, and nevertheless sufficiently accurate.

Estimation of radon concentrations and associated radon doses by using active technique in drinking water sources of Abbottabad, KPK, Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 682-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Khan ◽  
Z. Wazir ◽  
N. Ali ◽  
S. A. Khattak
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Drinking Water Sources ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Active Technique ◽  
Radon Concentrations

In-situ measurement of radon concentration was carried out in three types of drinking water sources (spring, surface and bore/well). Water samples from all three sources were collected from the city of Abbottabad and its surroundings. Radon concentrations were measured through active technique, using the AB-5 series of portable radiation monitor (Pylon). The mean concentrations (ranges) of radon in the phosphate region were 13.4 ± 2.0 (9.1–23.6), 11.2 ± 1.5 (6.2–20.1) and 7.1 ± 0.9 (4.3–14) kBq m−3 in well, spring and surface waters, respectively. Similarly, the mean concentrations (ranges) of radon outside the phosphate region were 7.2 ± 1.0 (3.4–11.5), 5.4 ± 0.7 (2.5–8.9) and 3.1 ± 0.4 (1.7–5.8) kBq m−3 in well, spring and surface waters, respectively. The arithmetic mean values of radon concentration in drinking waters in the phosphate and non-phosphate parts or rocks were 10.76 ± 1.5 and 5.10 ± 0.70 kBq m−3, respectively. Respective doses of radon taken in by the people via water ingestion and inhalation were calculated as 0.029 ± 0.004 and 0.014 ± 0.002 mSv. The mean values of radon concentrations in drinking water samples collected from Abbottabad phosphate and non-phosphate rocks were below the US EPA Maximum Contamination Level (MCL) of 11.1 kBq m−3. The annual mean effective doses of all samples are lower than the reference level of 0.1 mSv a−1 for drinking water as recommended by WHO. Thus, the drinking water of Abbottabad and its surroundings is generally below the recommended levels as regards to radon-related health hazards.

scholarly journals Radon levels in different types of bottled drinking water and carbonated drinks in Iraqi markets

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Abid Abojassim ◽  
Suha H. Kadhim ◽  
Hussien Abid Ali Mraity ◽  
Rua R. Munim
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
World Health ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Bottled Drinking Water ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Carbonated Drinks

In the present work, radon concentration was measured for different types of bottled drinking water and carbonated drink samples that are available in Iraqi markets. Radon measurements were carried out using a RAD-7 electronic radon detector. Annual effective dose was also calculated. The measured radon concentration in samples of bottled drinking water ranged from 0.0354 to 0.248 Bq/l with a mean value of 0.11265 Bq/l and the measured radon concentration in the samples of the carbonated drinks lay between 0.0354 and 0.283 Bq/l with a mean value of 0.1418 Bq/l. The mean values of the effective dose in all samples of bottled drinking water and carbonated drinks were found to be 0.410844 and 1.022 μSv/y respectively. The results of this work revealed that the radon concentrations were lower than the recommended limits indicated by the World Health Organization and by the regulatory bodies of the European Union.

Radon concentration in water, soil and sediment of Hemavathi River environments

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 587-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaliprasad C. Shivanandappa ◽  
Narayana Yerol
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Gamma Dose ◽  
Gamma Dose Rate ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Effective Doses ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Radon In Water ◽  
Soil And Sediment

The present paper discusses the systematic study on gamma dose rate, radon exhalation, radium content in soil and sediment and radon concentration in water of Hemavathi River environments. The Gamma dose rate in the air in the study area varied from 98 to 202 nGy h−1 with mean value 145 nGy h−1. The measured dose rate was above the world and Indian average. The mean value of radium activity in soil and sediment was found to be 366.61 and 328.36 mBq kg−1, respectively. The mean value of radon in soil and sediment was found to be 373.90 and 334.90 Bq m−3, respectively. The radon concentration of water ranges from 0.20 to 1.60 kBq m−3 with an average value of 0.67 kBq m−3. The radon in water contributes to dosage in stomach and lungs. The effective doses of radon were calculated and compared with international recommended values. The results show that sediment and water are safe to use for construction and drinking purpose.

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